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| COVID-19 research v1.43 | CX3CR1 | Sarah Leigh Classified gene: CX3CR1 as Amber List (moderate evidence) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| COVID-19 research v1.43 | CX3CR1 | Sarah Leigh Gene: cx3cr1 has been classified as Amber List (Moderate Evidence). | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| COVID-19 research v1.42 | CX3CR1 | Sarah Leigh Mode of inheritance for gene: CX3CR1 was changed from to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| COVID-19 research v1.21 | CX3CR1 |
Sarah Leigh changed review comment from: CX3CR1 was identified through an OMIM search for potential viral susceptibility genes. Initial triage by Illumina (Alison Coffey and team) was given a Tier 3 grouping (experimental evidence and association data consistent with viral susceptibility); to: CX3CR1 was identified through an OMIM search for potential viral susceptibility genes. Initial triage by Illumina (Alison Coffey and team) was given a Tier 3 grouping (experimental evidence and association data consistent with viral susceptibility). Illumina review: Receptor for the CX3C chemokine fractalkine (CX3CL1); binds to CX3CL1 and mediates both its adhesive and migratory functions. Acts as coreceptor with CD4 for HIV-1 virus envelope protein (in vitro) (PMID:9726990). Associated with rapid progression to AIDS from HIV1 infection. PMID:14607932: Garin et al. (2003) - identified two novel isoforms of the human chemokine receptor CX3CR1, produced by alternative splicing that appear to be more potent HIV coreceptors. PMID:10731151: Faure et al. (2000) - CX3CR1 is an HIV coreceptor as well as a leukocyte chemotactic/adhesion receptor for fractalkine. Faure et al. (2000) identified 2 single nucleotide polymorphisms in the CX3CR1 gene in Caucasians and demonstrated that HIV-infected patients homozygous for I249/M280 progressed to AIDS more rapidly than those with other haplotypes (relative risk = 2.13, P = 0.039). Functional CX3CR1 analysis showed that fractalkine binding is reduced among patients homozygous for this particular haplotype. Concluded that CX3CR1-I249/M280 is a recessive genetic risk factor for HIV/AIDS. PMID 28228284: Zhivaki et al. (2017) - Upregulated in RSV infection affecting severity of infection. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the major cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants and is characterized by pulmonary infiltration of B cells in fatal cases. Identified a population of neonatal regulatory B lymphocytes (nBreg cells) that produced interleukin 10 (IL-10) in response to RSV infection. The polyreactive B cell receptor of nBreg cells interacted with RSV protein F and induced upregulation of chemokine receptor CX3CR1. CX3CR1 interacted with RSV glycoprotein G, leading to nBreg cell infection and IL-10 production that dampened T helper 1 (Th1) cytokine production. In the respiratory tract of neonates with severe RSV-induced acute bronchiolitis, RSV-infected nBreg cell frequencies correlated with increased viral load and decreased blood memory Th1 cell frequencies. Thus, the frequency of nBreg cells is predictive of the severity of acute bronchiolitis disease and nBreg cell activity may constitute an early-life host response that favors microbial pathogenesis. PMID unavailable: Strickland et al. (2020) - Pulmonary infection with C. neoformans (opportunistic fungal pathogen and leading cause of death in HIV-affected inividuals) enhanced CX3CR1 expression in the lung. Following infection, mice lacking CX3CR1 had significantly higher pulmonary fungal burdens, as well as decreased survival times compared to wild type mice. These infected CX3CR1 knockout mice also displayed higher expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines including MIP-2, MCP-1 and CCL7, but lower expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10. CX3CR1 deficiency resulted in mice having dramatically enhanced neutrophil accumulation in the lungs following infection.Depletion of neutrophils drastically improved lung CFU in infected knockout mice, indicating that excessive inflammation drove fungal growth. These data indicate that CX3CR1 expression is essential for host resistance to pulmonary cryptococcal infection by inhibiting excessive lung inflammation. |
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| COVID-19 research v1.21 | CX3CR1 | Sarah Leigh Phenotypes for gene: CX3CR1 were changed from to {Rapid progression to AIDS from HIV1 infection} 609423 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| COVID-19 research v1.20 | CX3CR1 | Sarah Leigh Publications for gene: CX3CR1 were set to | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| COVID-19 research v1.11 | CX3CR1 | Alison Coffey reviewed gene: CX3CR1: Rating: AMBER; Mode of pathogenicity: ; Publications: 9726990, 14607932, 10731151, 28228284; Phenotypes: ; Mode of inheritance: Unknown | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| COVID-19 research v1.10 | CX3CR1 | Sarah Leigh commented on gene: CX3CR1: CX3CR1 was identified through an OMIM search for potential viral susceptibility genes. Initial triage by Illumina (Alison Coffey and team) was given a Tier 3 grouping (experimental evidence and association data consistent with viral susceptibility) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| COVID-19 research v0.176 | CX3CR1 | Sarah Leigh reviewed gene: CX3CR1: Rating: AMBER; Mode of pathogenicity: ; Publications: 14607932, 10731151; Phenotypes: {Rapid progression to AIDS from HIV1 infection} 609423; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| COVID-19 research v0.121 | CX3CR1 |
Sarah Leigh gene: CX3CR1 was added gene: CX3CR1 was added to Viral susceptibility. Sources: OMIM Mode of inheritance for gene: CX3CR1 was set to |
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