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Severe microcephaly v2.293 RAD50 Eleanor Williams Tag Q2_21_rating was removed from gene: RAD50.
Severe microcephaly v2.292 RAD50 Sarah Leigh commented on gene: RAD50
Severe microcephaly v2.291 RAD50 Eleanor Williams Source Expert Review Green was added to RAD50.
Rating Changed from Amber List (moderate evidence) to Green List (high evidence)
Severe microcephaly v2.108 RAD50 Arina Puzriakova Phenotypes for gene: RAD50 were changed from Nijmegen breakage syndrome-like disorder, 613078 to Nijmegen breakage syndrome-like disorder, OMIM:613078
Severe microcephaly v2.107 RAD50 Arina Puzriakova Publications for gene: RAD50 were set to 1887849; 19409520; 32212377
Severe microcephaly v2.106 RAD50 Arina Puzriakova Classified gene: RAD50 as Amber List (moderate evidence)
Severe microcephaly v2.106 RAD50 Arina Puzriakova Added comment: Comment on list classification: There are now a total of 3 unrelated cases (PMIDs: 19409520; 32212377; 33378670) with a RAD50‐related syndrome including microcephaly. This therefore reaches the threshold for promotion of this gene to Green status at the next review (removed 'watchlist' tag and added 'Q2_21_rating' tag)
Severe microcephaly v2.106 RAD50 Arina Puzriakova Gene: rad50 has been classified as Amber List (Moderate Evidence).
Severe microcephaly v2.105 RAD50 Arina Puzriakova Tag watchlist was removed from gene: RAD50.
Tag Q2_21_rating tag was added to gene: RAD50.
Severe microcephaly v2.105 RAD50 Arina Puzriakova edited their review of gene: RAD50: Added comment: - PMID: 33378670 (2020) - single patient described with bone marrow failure, immunodeficiency and developmental defects (including microcephaly), who was compound heterozygous for a frameshift and premature stop codon (c.2165dup; p.Glu723Glyfs∗5 - maternally inherited) and in-frame deletion (c.3109_3111del; p.Glu1035del - de novo) in the RAD50 gene.
Functional characterisation using patient-derived fibroblasts indicated defects in DNA replication, DNA repair, and DNA end resection; however, ATM-dependent DNA damage response remained intact. Studies in yeast modelling the variant corresponding to p.Glu1035del produced defects in both DNA repair and Tel1ATM-dependent signalling following thermal activation.; Changed rating: GREEN; Changed publications: 19409520, 32212377, 33378670; Changed phenotypes: Nijmegen breakage syndrome-like disorder, OMIM:613078; Changed mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Severe microcephaly v2.24 RAD50 Arina Puzriakova Tag watchlist tag was added to gene: RAD50.
Severe microcephaly v2.24 RAD50 Arina Puzriakova Phenotypes for gene: RAD50 were changed from Nijmegen breakage syndrome-like disorder, MIM# 613078 to Nijmegen breakage syndrome-like disorder, 613078
Severe microcephaly v2.23 RAD50 Arina Puzriakova Publications for gene: RAD50 were set to 19409520; 32212377
Severe microcephaly v2.22 RAD50 Arina Puzriakova Classified gene: RAD50 as Amber List (moderate evidence)
Severe microcephaly v2.22 RAD50 Arina Puzriakova Added comment: Comment on list classification: Relevant phenotype (two unrelated cases with severe congenital microcephaly) but additional cases required before inclusion of RAD50 on a diagnostic panel.

Rating Amber in anticipation of additional publications/clinical evidence (added to watchlist).
Severe microcephaly v2.22 RAD50 Arina Puzriakova Gene: rad50 has been classified as Amber List (Moderate Evidence).
Severe microcephaly v2.21 RAD50 Zornitza Stark gene: RAD50 was added
gene: RAD50 was added to Severe microcephaly. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: RAD50 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: RAD50 were set to 19409520; 32212377
Phenotypes for gene: RAD50 were set to Nijmegen breakage syndrome-like disorder, MIM# 613078
Review for gene: RAD50 was set to GREEN
gene: RAD50 was marked as current diagnostic
Added comment: Two individuals reported with bi-allelic variants in this gene showing dysmorphic facial features similar to NBS, short stature, microcephaly, and mild/moderate intellectual disability. Fibroblasts established from one of the individuals showed chromosomal instability and abnormal radioresistant DNA synthesis. The MRE11/RAD50/NBN (MRN) complex is involved in signaling processes inducing the repair of DNA double-strand breaks. Variants in NBN and MRE11 are associated with Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS) and ataxia telangiectasia (AT)‐like disorder, respectively, so this gene is a strong biological candidate for this phenotype.
Sources: Literature