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Rare syndromic craniosynostosis or isolated multisuture synostosis v2.60 CHD7 Helen Lord changed review comment from: Newborn with bicoronal synostosis in whom a de novo CHD7 variant was identified c.6157C>T p.(Arg2053*) - NGS in proband, sanger sequencing used to exclude variant from the parents.
Other features included choanal atresia, markedly asymmetric malformed ears, folded and clipped off helix and triangular concha, retrognathia, marked facial asymetry with left eye constantly closed and hypoplastic toenails. Heart ultrasound revealed a small ASD and ophthalmoplegic exam revealed left retinal coloboma and asymmetrically placed eyes. CHARGE syndrome was suspected in this patient. Of note, this variant has been reported previoulsy in the literature in indivdiuals with CHARGE syndrome and no craniosynostosis was noted.
In this paper they mention two other cases reporteD in the literature in 2019/2020 where craniosynostosis was reported alongside a CHARGE phenotype and LOF variants were detected:
Siakallis et al, 2019: 30498854 c.3106C>T p.(Arg1036*) - CHARGE phenotype as well as synostosis of the coronal, left lambdoid and squamous sutures.
Tonne et al 2020: 33288889 c.7593dup p.(Thr2532fs) - CHARGE phenotype as well as late-onset sagittal synostosis.

Mouse studies indicate that CHD7 has a relevant dosage dependent role in the development of several craniofacial tissues - conditional knock out models showing among other bone and cartialage defects, frontal bone dysplasia.
Zebrafish model of CHARGE - flattening of the head is observed.
Sources: Expert Review; to: Newborn with bicoronal synostosis in whom a de novo CHD7 variant was identified c.6157C>T p.(Arg2053*) - NGS in proband, sanger sequencing used to exclude variant from the parents.
Other features included choanal atresia, markedly asymmetric malformed ears, folded and clipped off helix and triangular concha, retrognathia, marked facial asymetry with left eye constantly closed and hypoplastic toenails. Heart ultrasound revealed a small ASD and ophthalmoplegic exam revealed left retinal coloboma and asymmetrically placed eyes. CHARGE syndrome was suspected in this patient. Of note, this variant has been reported previoulsy in the literature in indivdiuals with CHARGE syndrome and no craniosynostosis was noted.
In this paper they mention two other cases reporteD in the literature in 2019/2020 where craniosynostosis was reported alongside a CHARGE phenotype and LOF variants were detected:
Siakallis et al, 2019: 30498854 c.3106C>T p.(Arg1036*) - CHARGE phenotype as well as synostosis of the coronal, left lambdoid and squamous sutures.
Tonne et al 2020: 33288889 c.7593dup p.(Thr2532fs) - CHARGE phenotype as well as late-onset sagittal synostosis.

Mouse studies indicate that CHD7 has a relevant dosage dependent role in the development of several craniofacial tissues - conditional knock out models showing among other bone and cartialage defects, frontal bone dysplasia.
Zebrafish model of CHARGE - flattening of the head is observed.
Sources: Expert Review
Rare syndromic craniosynostosis or isolated multisuture synostosis v2.60 CHD7 Helen Lord changed review comment from: Newborn with bicoronal synostosis in whom a de novo CHD7 variant was identified c.6157C>T p.(Arg2053*) - NGS in proband, sanger sequencing used to exclude variant from the parents.
Other features included choanal atresia, markedly asymmetric malformed ears, folded and clipped off helix and triangular concha, retrognathia, marked facial asymetry with left eye constantly closed and hypoplastic toenails. Heart ultrasound revealed a small ASD and ophthalmoplegic exam revealed left retinal coloboma and asymmetrically placed eyes. CHARGE syndrome was suspected in this patient. Of note, this variant has been reported previoulsy in the literature in indivdiuals with CHARGE syndrome and no craniosynostosis was noted.
In this paper they mention two other cases reporteD in the literature in 2019/2020 where craniosynostosis was reported alongside a CHARGE phenotype and LOF variants were detected:
Siakallis et al, 2019: 30498854 c.3106C>T p.(Arg1036*) - CHARGE phenotype as well as synostosis of the coronal, left lambdoid and squamous sutures.
Tonne et al 2020: 33288889 c.7593dup p.(Thr2532fs) - CHARGE phenotype as well as late-onset sagittal synostosis.

Mouse studies indicate that CHD7 has a relevant dosage dependent role in the development of several craniofacial tissues - conditional knock out models showing among other bone and cartialage defects, frontal bone dysplasia.
Zebrafish model of CHARGE - flattening of the head is observed.
Sources: Expert Review; to: Newborn with bicoronal synostosis in whom a de novo CHD7 variant was identified c.6157C>T p.(Arg2053*) - NGS in proband, sanger sequencing used to exclude variant from the parents.
Other features included choanal atresia, markedly asymmetric malformed ears, folded and clipped off helix and triangular concha, retrognathia, marked facial asymetry with left eye constantly closed and hypoplastic toenails. Heart ultrasound revealed a small ASD and ophthalmoplegic exam revealed left retinal coloboma and asymmetrically placed eyes. CHARGE syndrome was suspected in this patient. Of note, this variant has been reported previoulsy in the literature in indivdiuals with CHARGE syndrome and no craniosynostosis was noted.
In this paper they mention two other cases reporteD in the literature in 2019/2020 where craniosynostosis was reported alongside a CHARGE phenotype and LOF variants were detected:
Siakallis et al, 2019: 30498854 c.3106C>T p.(Arg1036*) - CHARGE phenotype as well as synostosis of the coronal, left lambdoid and squamous sutures.
Tonne et al 2020: 33288889 c.7593dup p.(Thr2532fs) - CHARGE phenotype as well as late-onset sagittal synostosis.

Mouse studies indicate that CHD7 has a relevant dosage dependent role in the development of several craniofacial tissues - conditional knock out models showing among other bone and cartialage defects, frontal bone dysplasia.
Zebrafish model of CHARGE - flattening of the head is observed.
Sources: Expert Review
Rare syndromic craniosynostosis or isolated multisuture synostosis v2.23 LTBP1 Zornitza Stark gene: LTBP1 was added
gene: LTBP1 was added to Craniosynostosis. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: LTBP1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: LTBP1 were set to 33991472
Phenotypes for gene: LTBP1 were set to Craniosynostosis; cutis laxa; intelectual disability
Review for gene: LTBP1 was set to GREEN
Added comment: PMID:33991472
- Premature truncating variants in multiple affected individuals from 4 unrelated consanguineous families.
- Affected individuals present with connective tissue features (cutis laxa and inguinal hernia), craniofacial dysmorphology, variable heart defects, and prominent skeletal features (craniosynostosis, short stature, brachydactyly, and syndactyly).
- Functional studies done on patient fibroblasts and zebrafish models.
Sources: Literature
Rare syndromic craniosynostosis or isolated multisuture synostosis v2.23 CHD7 Helen Lord gene: CHD7 was added
gene: CHD7 was added to Craniosynostosis. Sources: Expert Review
Mode of inheritance for gene: CHD7 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications for gene: CHD7 were set to 33844462; 30498854; 33288889
Phenotypes for gene: CHD7 were set to craniosynostosis
Review for gene: CHD7 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Newborn with bicoronal synostosis in whom a de novo CHD7 variant was identified c.6157C>T p.(Arg2053*) - NGS in proband, sanger sequencing used to exclude variant from the parents.
Other features included choanal atresia, markedly asymmetric malformed ears, folded and clipped off helix and triangular concha, retrognathia, marked facial asymetry with left eye constantly closed and hypoplastic toenails. Heart ultrasound revealed a small ASD and ophthalmoplegic exam revealed left retinal coloboma and asymmetrically placed eyes. CHARGE syndrome was suspected in this patient. Of note, this variant has been reported previoulsy in the literature in indivdiuals with CHARGE syndrome and no craniosynostosis was noted.
In this paper they mention two other cases reporteD in the literature in 2019/2020 where craniosynostosis was reported alongside a CHARGE phenotype and LOF variants were detected:
Siakallis et al, 2019: 30498854 c.3106C>T p.(Arg1036*) - CHARGE phenotype as well as synostosis of the coronal, left lambdoid and squamous sutures.
Tonne et al 2020: 33288889 c.7593dup p.(Thr2532fs) - CHARGE phenotype as well as late-onset sagittal synostosis.

Mouse studies indicate that CHD7 has a relevant dosage dependent role in the development of several craniofacial tissues - conditional knock out models showing among other bone and cartialage defects, frontal bone dysplasia.
Zebrafish model of CHARGE - flattening of the head is observed.
Sources: Expert Review
Rare syndromic craniosynostosis or isolated multisuture synostosis v1.82 BRAF Eleanor Williams Mode of inheritance for gene: BRAF was changed from to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Rare syndromic craniosynostosis or isolated multisuture synostosis v1.81 BRAF Eleanor Williams Classified gene: BRAF as Green List (high evidence)
Rare syndromic craniosynostosis or isolated multisuture synostosis v1.81 BRAF Eleanor Williams Added comment: Comment on list classification: Upgrading to red to green. This gene causes Noonan syndrome and an an association with craniosynostosis is well documented. Green rating agreed at the GMS musculoskeletal specialist test group Webex on 2019-05-13.
Rare syndromic craniosynostosis or isolated multisuture synostosis v1.81 BRAF Eleanor Williams Gene: braf has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
Rare syndromic craniosynostosis or isolated multisuture synostosis v1.72 BRAF Eleanor Williams Added phenotypes cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome type 115150; Noonan syndrome type 7 613706 for gene: BRAF
Rare syndromic craniosynostosis or isolated multisuture synostosis v1.55 BRAF Eleanor Williams Publications for gene: BRAF were set to
Rare syndromic craniosynostosis or isolated multisuture synostosis v1.47 BRAF Tracy Lester reviewed gene: BRAF: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: ; Publications: Ueda et al 2017 ; Phenotypes: Noonan syndrome type 7 - 613706, cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome type - 115150; Mode of inheritance: MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Rare syndromic craniosynostosis or isolated multisuture synostosis v1.46 BRAF Eleanor Williams reviewed gene: BRAF: Rating: AMBER; Mode of pathogenicity: ; Publications: ; Phenotypes: ; Mode of inheritance:
Rare syndromic craniosynostosis or isolated multisuture synostosis v1.45 BRAF Eleanor Williams gene: BRAF was added
gene: BRAF was added to Craniosynostosis. Sources: NHS GMS
Mode of inheritance for gene: BRAF was set to