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Skeletal dysplasia v2.227 RAD21 Arina Puzriakova Publications for gene: RAD21 were set to 22633399; 30716475; 24378232; 27882533; 27620904
Skeletal dysplasia v2.226 RAD21 Arina Puzriakova Classified gene: RAD21 as Amber List (moderate evidence)
Skeletal dysplasia v2.226 RAD21 Arina Puzriakova Added comment: Comment on list classification: Although limb abnormalities are a common feature of CdLS, only minor skeletal anomalies are associated with RAD21 variants. Other prominent features such as ID are more likely to prompt testing and therefore maintaining the Amber rating on skeletal panels for now.
Skeletal dysplasia v2.226 RAD21 Arina Puzriakova Gene: rad21 has been classified as Amber List (Moderate Evidence).
Skeletal dysplasia v2.225 RAD21 Arina Puzriakova reviewed gene: RAD21: Rating: ; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 32193685; Phenotypes: Cornelia de Lange syndrome 4, OMIM:614701; Mode of inheritance: MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown
Skeletal dysplasia v2.225 RAD21 Arina Puzriakova Phenotypes for gene: RAD21 were changed from Cornelia de Lange syndrome 4 614701 to Cornelia de Lange syndrome 4, OMIM:614701
Skeletal dysplasia v1.244 RAD21 Eleanor Williams changed review comment from: Comment on list classification: Promoted from red to amber. 2 cases reported in OMIM with SNV and short stature (1 case) and limb defects (2 cases). ; to: Comment on list classification: Promoted from red to amber. 2 cases reported in OMIM with SNV and short stature (1 case) and limb defects.
Skeletal dysplasia v1.244 RAD21 Eleanor Williams changed review comment from: Comment on list classification: Promoted from red to amber. 2 cases reported in OMIM with SNV and short stature (1 case) and limb defects (2 cases). Other cases of deletions covering this gene and a similar phenotype are also reported.; to: Comment on list classification: Promoted from red to amber. 2 cases reported in OMIM with SNV and short stature (1 case) and limb defects (2 cases).
Skeletal dysplasia v1.244 RAD21 Eleanor Williams changed review comment from: Associated with Cornelia de Lange syndrome 4 614701 in OMIM. Clinical features listed include short stature and limb defects.

OMIM: - 2 cases reported in OMIM with Cornelia de Lange syndrome-4 (PMID: 22633399, Deardorff et al 2012) with de novo heterozygous missense mutations in RAD21. Phenotypic features include Clinodactyly, short (1 patients) and thin (1 patient) fingers and additional skeletal features of pectus carinatum, coxa vara, short femoral neck in one case. An additional 3 patients with overlapping deletions covering RAD21 (aswell as other genes) were identified.

Other publications with patients with Cornelia de Lange and RAD21 variants:

PMID: 30716475 - Dorval et al 2019 - 1 patient - mild phenotype - gastro-oesophageal reflux, progressive microcephaly, which stabilised at about – 3SD, moderate fine motor delay and speech delay.

PMID: 24378232 - Minor et al., 2014 - 2 patients with atypic Cornelia de Lange. Patient 1 - in frame deletion of exon 13 - presented with developmental delay, hypospadias, inguinal hernia and dysmorphic features, mild 5th finger clinodactyly. This deletion was found to be inherited from the mother who had a history of melanoma and other unspecified medical problems.
Patient 2 - c.592_593dup frameshift mutation - presented with developmental delay, characteristic facial features, hirsutism, and hand and feet anomalies (clinodactyly, syndactyly). The mother had the same frameshift mutation showing incomplete penetrance.

PMID: 27882533 - Boyle et al., 2017 - patient with microcephaly and classical CdLS facial features with a single bp deletion (c.704delG) in RAD21 predicted to result in a premature stop codon [p.(Ser235Ilefs*19)]. The deletion was found in the mother and the two aunts of the index patient, and none of them had been suspected of having CdLS or a cohesinopathy prior to this study - suggests incomplete penetrance.

PMID: 27620904 - Martinez et al., 2017 - 92 patients recruited with syndromic intellectual disability. 1 patient identified with a variant in RAD21. A diagnosis of CdLS was made. ; to: Associated with Cornelia de Lange syndrome 4 614701 in OMIM. Clinical features listed include short stature and limb defects.

OMIM: - 2 cases reported in OMIM with Cornelia de Lange syndrome-4 (PMID: 22633399, Deardorff et al 2012) with de novo heterozygous missense mutations in RAD21. Phenotypic features include Clinodactyly, short fingers (1 patient) and thin fingers (1 patient) and additional skeletal features of pectus carinatum, coxa vara, short femoral neck in one case. An additional 3 patients with overlapping deletions covering RAD21, aswell as other genes, were reported.

Other publications with patients with Cornelia de Lange and RAD21 variants but no major skeletal phenotype:

PMID: 30716475 - Dorval et al 2019 - 1 patient - mild phenotype - gastro-oesophageal reflux, progressive microcephaly, which stabilised at about – 3SD, moderate fine motor delay and speech delay.

PMID: 24378232 - Minor et al., 2014 - 2 patients with atypic Cornelia de Lange. Patient 1 - in frame deletion of exon 13 - presented with developmental delay, hypospadias, inguinal hernia and dysmorphic features, mild 5th finger clinodactyly. This deletion was found to be inherited from the mother who had a history of melanoma and other unspecified medical problems.
Patient 2 - c.592_593dup frameshift mutation - presented with developmental delay, characteristic facial features, hirsutism, and hand and feet anomalies (clinodactyly, syndactyly). The mother had the same frameshift mutation showing incomplete penetrance.

PMID: 27882533 - Boyle et al., 2017 - patient with microcephaly and classical CdLS facial features with a single bp deletion (c.704delG) in RAD21 predicted to result in a premature stop codon [p.(Ser235Ilefs*19)]. The deletion was found in the mother and the two aunts of the index patient, and none of them had been suspected of having CdLS or a cohesinopathy prior to this study - suggests incomplete penetrance.

PMID: 27620904 - Martinez et al., 2017 - 92 patients recruited with syndromic intellectual disability. 1 patient identified with a variant in RAD21. A diagnosis of CdLS was made.
Skeletal dysplasia v1.220 RAD21 Eleanor Williams changed review comment from: Associated with Cornelia de Lange syndrome 4 614701 in OMIM. Clinical features listed include short stature and limb defects.

OMIM: - 2 cases reported in OMIM with Cornelia de Lange syndrome-4 (PMID: 22633399, Deardorff et al 2012) with de novo heterozygous missense mutations in RAD21. Phenotypic features include Clinodactyly, short (1 patients) and thin (1 patient) fingers and additional skeletal features of pectus carinatum, coxa vara, short femoral neck in one case. An additional 3 patients with overlapping deletions covering RAD21 (aswell as other genes) were identified.

Other publications with patients with Cornelia de Lange and RAD21 variants
PMID: 30716475 - Dorval et al 2019 - 1 patient - mild phenotype - gastro-oesophageal reflux, progressive microcephaly, which stabilised at about – 3SD, moderate fine motor delay and speech delay.
PMID: 24378232 - Minor et al., 2014 - 2 patients. In one case the mother had the same frameshift mutation showing incomplete penetrance.
PMID: 27882533 - Boyle et al., 2017 - patient with a single bp deletion (c.704delG) in RAD21 predicted to result in a premature stop codon [p.(Ser235Ilefs*19)]. The deletion was found in the mother and the two aunts of the index patient, and none of them had been suspected of having CdLS or a cohesinopathy prior to this study - suggests incomplete penetrance
PMID: 27620904 - Martinez et al., 2017 - 1 patient; to: Associated with Cornelia de Lange syndrome 4 614701 in OMIM. Clinical features listed include short stature and limb defects.

OMIM: - 2 cases reported in OMIM with Cornelia de Lange syndrome-4 (PMID: 22633399, Deardorff et al 2012) with de novo heterozygous missense mutations in RAD21. Phenotypic features include Clinodactyly, short (1 patients) and thin (1 patient) fingers and additional skeletal features of pectus carinatum, coxa vara, short femoral neck in one case. An additional 3 patients with overlapping deletions covering RAD21 (aswell as other genes) were identified.

Other publications with patients with Cornelia de Lange and RAD21 variants:

PMID: 30716475 - Dorval et al 2019 - 1 patient - mild phenotype - gastro-oesophageal reflux, progressive microcephaly, which stabilised at about – 3SD, moderate fine motor delay and speech delay.

PMID: 24378232 - Minor et al., 2014 - 2 patients with atypic Cornelia de Lange. Patient 1 - in frame deletion of exon 13 - presented with developmental delay, hypospadias, inguinal hernia and dysmorphic features, mild 5th finger clinodactyly. This deletion was found to be inherited from the mother who had a history of melanoma and other unspecified medical problems.
Patient 2 - c.592_593dup frameshift mutation - presented with developmental delay, characteristic facial features, hirsutism, and hand and feet anomalies (clinodactyly, syndactyly). The mother had the same frameshift mutation showing incomplete penetrance.

PMID: 27882533 - Boyle et al., 2017 - patient with microcephaly and classical CdLS facial features with a single bp deletion (c.704delG) in RAD21 predicted to result in a premature stop codon [p.(Ser235Ilefs*19)]. The deletion was found in the mother and the two aunts of the index patient, and none of them had been suspected of having CdLS or a cohesinopathy prior to this study - suggests incomplete penetrance.

PMID: 27620904 - Martinez et al., 2017 - 92 patients recruited with syndromic intellectual disability. 1 patient identified with a variant in RAD21. A diagnosis of CdLS was made.
Skeletal dysplasia v1.220 RAD21 Eleanor Williams Classified gene: RAD21 as Amber List (moderate evidence)
Skeletal dysplasia v1.220 RAD21 Eleanor Williams Added comment: Comment on list classification: Promoted from red to amber. 2 cases reported in OMIM with SNV and short stature (1 case) and limb defects (2 cases). Other cases of deletions covering this gene and a similar phenotype are also reported.
Skeletal dysplasia v1.220 RAD21 Eleanor Williams Gene: rad21 has been classified as Amber List (Moderate Evidence).
Skeletal dysplasia v1.219 RAD21 Eleanor Williams changed review comment from: Associated with Cornelia de Lange syndrome 4 614701 in OMIM.

OMIM: - 2 cases reported in OMIM with Cornelia de Lange syndrome-4 (PMID: 22633399, Deardorff et al 2012) with de novo heterozygous missense mutations in RAD21. Phenotypic features include Clinodactyly, short (1 patients) and thin (1 patient) fingers and additional skeletal features of pectus carinatum, coxa vara, short femoral neck in one case. An additional 3 patients with overlapping deletions covering RAD21 (aswell as other genes) were identified.

Other publications with patients with Cornelia de Lange and RAD21 variants
PMID: 30716475 - Dorval et al 2019 - 1 patient - mild phenotype - gastro-oesophageal reflux, progressive microcephaly, which stabilised at about – 3SD, moderate fine motor delay and speech delay.
PMID: 24378232 - Minor et al., 2014 - 2 patients. In one case the mother had the same frameshift mutation showing incomplete penetrance.
PMID: 27882533 - Boyle et al., 2017 - patient with a single bp deletion (c.704delG) in RAD21 predicted to result in a premature stop codon [p.(Ser235Ilefs*19)]. The deletion was found in the mother and the two aunts of the index patient, and none of them had been suspected of having CdLS or a cohesinopathy prior to this study - suggests incomplete penetrance
PMID: 27620904 - Martinez et al., 2017 - 1 patient; to: Associated with Cornelia de Lange syndrome 4 614701 in OMIM. Clinical features listed include short stature and limb defects.

OMIM: - 2 cases reported in OMIM with Cornelia de Lange syndrome-4 (PMID: 22633399, Deardorff et al 2012) with de novo heterozygous missense mutations in RAD21. Phenotypic features include Clinodactyly, short (1 patients) and thin (1 patient) fingers and additional skeletal features of pectus carinatum, coxa vara, short femoral neck in one case. An additional 3 patients with overlapping deletions covering RAD21 (aswell as other genes) were identified.

Other publications with patients with Cornelia de Lange and RAD21 variants
PMID: 30716475 - Dorval et al 2019 - 1 patient - mild phenotype - gastro-oesophageal reflux, progressive microcephaly, which stabilised at about – 3SD, moderate fine motor delay and speech delay.
PMID: 24378232 - Minor et al., 2014 - 2 patients. In one case the mother had the same frameshift mutation showing incomplete penetrance.
PMID: 27882533 - Boyle et al., 2017 - patient with a single bp deletion (c.704delG) in RAD21 predicted to result in a premature stop codon [p.(Ser235Ilefs*19)]. The deletion was found in the mother and the two aunts of the index patient, and none of them had been suspected of having CdLS or a cohesinopathy prior to this study - suggests incomplete penetrance
PMID: 27620904 - Martinez et al., 2017 - 1 patient
Skeletal dysplasia v1.219 RAD21 Eleanor Williams changed review comment from: Associated with Cornelia de Lange syndrome 4 614701 in OMIM.

OMIM: - 2 cases reported in OMIM with Cornelia de Lange syndrome-4 (PMID: 22633399, Deardorff et al 2012) with de novo heterozygous missense mutations in RAD21. Phenotypic features include Clinodactyly, short and thin fingers and additional skeletal features of pectus carinatum, coxa vara, short femoral neck in one case. An additional 3 patients with overlapping deletions covering RAD21 (aswell as other genes) were identified.

Other publications with patients with Cornelia de Lange and RAD21 variants
PMID: 30716475 - Dorval et al 2019 - 1 patient - mild phenotype - gastro-oesophageal reflux, progressive microcephaly, which stabilised at about – 3SD, moderate fine motor delay and speech delay.
PMID: 24378232 - Minor et al., 2014 - 2 patients. In one case the mother had the same frameshift mutation showing incomplete penetrance.
PMID: 27882533 - Boyle et al., 2017 - patient with a single bp deletion (c.704delG) in RAD21 predicted to result in a premature stop codon [p.(Ser235Ilefs*19)]. The deletion was found in the mother and the two aunts of the index patient, and none of them had been suspected of having CdLS or a cohesinopathy prior to this study - suggests incomplete penetrance
PMID: 27620904 - Martinez et al., 2017 - 1 patient; to: Associated with Cornelia de Lange syndrome 4 614701 in OMIM.

OMIM: - 2 cases reported in OMIM with Cornelia de Lange syndrome-4 (PMID: 22633399, Deardorff et al 2012) with de novo heterozygous missense mutations in RAD21. Phenotypic features include Clinodactyly, short (1 patients) and thin (1 patient) fingers and additional skeletal features of pectus carinatum, coxa vara, short femoral neck in one case. An additional 3 patients with overlapping deletions covering RAD21 (aswell as other genes) were identified.

Other publications with patients with Cornelia de Lange and RAD21 variants
PMID: 30716475 - Dorval et al 2019 - 1 patient - mild phenotype - gastro-oesophageal reflux, progressive microcephaly, which stabilised at about – 3SD, moderate fine motor delay and speech delay.
PMID: 24378232 - Minor et al., 2014 - 2 patients. In one case the mother had the same frameshift mutation showing incomplete penetrance.
PMID: 27882533 - Boyle et al., 2017 - patient with a single bp deletion (c.704delG) in RAD21 predicted to result in a premature stop codon [p.(Ser235Ilefs*19)]. The deletion was found in the mother and the two aunts of the index patient, and none of them had been suspected of having CdLS or a cohesinopathy prior to this study - suggests incomplete penetrance
PMID: 27620904 - Martinez et al., 2017 - 1 patient
Skeletal dysplasia v1.219 RAD21 Eleanor Williams changed review comment from: OMIM: - 2 cases reported in OMIM (PMID: 22633399, Deardorff et al 2012) plus 3 patients with overlapping deletions covering RAD21 (aswell as other genes).

Other publications with patients with Cornelia de Lange and RAD21 variants
PMID: 30716475 - Dorval et al 2019 - 1 patient - mild phenotype
PMID: 24378232 - Minor et al., 2014 - 2 patients. In one case the mother had the same frameshift mutation showing incomplete penetrance.
PMID: 27882533 - Boyle et al., 2017 - patient with a single bp deletion (c.704delG) in RAD21 predicted to result in a premature stop codon [p.(Ser235Ilefs*19)]. The deletion was found in the mother and the two aunts of the index patient, and none of them had been suspected of having CdLS or a cohesinopathy prior to this study - suggests incomplete penetrance
PMID: 27620904 - Martinez et al., 2017 - 1 patient; to: Associated with Cornelia de Lange syndrome 4 614701 in OMIM.

OMIM: - 2 cases reported in OMIM with Cornelia de Lange syndrome-4 (PMID: 22633399, Deardorff et al 2012) with de novo heterozygous missense mutations in RAD21. Phenotypic features include Clinodactyly, short and thin fingers and additional skeletal features of pectus carinatum, coxa vara, short femoral neck in one case. An additional 3 patients with overlapping deletions covering RAD21 (aswell as other genes) were identified.

Other publications with patients with Cornelia de Lange and RAD21 variants
PMID: 30716475 - Dorval et al 2019 - 1 patient - mild phenotype - gastro-oesophageal reflux, progressive microcephaly, which stabilised at about – 3SD, moderate fine motor delay and speech delay.
PMID: 24378232 - Minor et al., 2014 - 2 patients. In one case the mother had the same frameshift mutation showing incomplete penetrance.
PMID: 27882533 - Boyle et al., 2017 - patient with a single bp deletion (c.704delG) in RAD21 predicted to result in a premature stop codon [p.(Ser235Ilefs*19)]. The deletion was found in the mother and the two aunts of the index patient, and none of them had been suspected of having CdLS or a cohesinopathy prior to this study - suggests incomplete penetrance
PMID: 27620904 - Martinez et al., 2017 - 1 patient
Skeletal dysplasia v1.154 RAD21 Eleanor Williams Publications for gene: RAD21 were set to
Skeletal dysplasia v1.153 RAD21 Eleanor Williams commented on gene: RAD21: OMIM: - 2 cases reported in OMIM (PMID: 22633399, Deardorff et al 2012) plus 3 patients with overlapping deletions covering RAD21 (aswell as other genes).

Other publications with patients with Cornelia de Lange and RAD21 variants
PMID: 30716475 - Dorval et al 2019 - 1 patient - mild phenotype
PMID: 24378232 - Minor et al., 2014 - 2 patients. In one case the mother had the same frameshift mutation showing incomplete penetrance.
PMID: 27882533 - Boyle et al., 2017 - patient with a single bp deletion (c.704delG) in RAD21 predicted to result in a premature stop codon [p.(Ser235Ilefs*19)]. The deletion was found in the mother and the two aunts of the index patient, and none of them had been suspected of having CdLS or a cohesinopathy prior to this study - suggests incomplete penetrance
PMID: 27620904 - Martinez et al., 2017 - 1 patient
Skeletal dysplasia v1.153 RAD21 Eleanor Williams Added phenotypes Cornelia de Lange syndrome 4 614701 for gene: RAD21
Skeletal dysplasia v1.147 RAD21 Tracy Lester reviewed gene: RAD21: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: ; Publications: ; Phenotypes: Cornelia de Lange syndrome 4 614701; Mode of inheritance: MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Skeletal dysplasia v1.146 RAD21 Eleanor Williams reviewed gene: RAD21: Rating: AMBER; Mode of pathogenicity: ; Publications: ; Phenotypes: ; Mode of inheritance:
Skeletal dysplasia v1.145 RAD21 Eleanor Williams Source NHS GMS was added to RAD21.