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Limb disorders v2.77 BMP2 Eleanor Williams commented on gene: BMP2: There is currently no ClinGen curated CNV covering this region on chromosome 20.
Limb disorders v2.65 BMP2 Jenny Simmonds reviewed gene: BMP2: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: (PMID: 21357617, 29129813, 24710560, 19327734); Phenotypes: Brachydactyly, type A2; Mode of inheritance: MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Limb disorders v2.61 BMP2 Eleanor Williams Added comment: Comment on mode of inheritance: Leaving the mode of inheritance as monoallelic. OMIM also reports the biallelic phenotype of {HFE hemochromatosis, modifier of} but this is not relevant to this panel.
Limb disorders v2.61 BMP2 Eleanor Williams Mode of inheritance for gene: BMP2 was changed from MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown
Limb disorders v1.53 SMAD6 Eleanor Williams changed review comment from: Not associated with radioulnar synostosis in OMIM or Gene2Phenotype, although is associated with susceptibility to craniosynostosis and Aortic valve disease 2.

PMID: 31138930 - Yang et al 2019 - investigated 140 sporadic patients and 11 families with RUS of an unknown cause. Potentially disease causing variants were found in SMAD6 in 30 individuals from 27 families. In 22 individuals the variants were detected by whole exome sequencing and confirmed by Sanger sequencing. In the remaining 8 individuals targetting sequencing of SMAD6 using Sanger sequencing was performed. 27 different variants were identified (19 LOF and 8 missense), in 24 sporadic patients and three families. Parental genomic DNA was available for 11 probands with SMAD6 rare variants. Sanger sequencing validated that four variants were de novo, six were inherited from the probands’ unaffected mother, and one was inherited from the probands’ unaffected father.
Reduced penetrance was found - after excluding the index cases, the found 2/10 SMAD6- LOF carriers have nsRUS. Therefore, the penetrance of RUS in SMAD6-LOF cases is reduced (~20%).
No significant associations were observed between BMP2-Chr20–7106289T-C genotype and nsRUS in cases with SMAD6 rare variants.; to: Not associated with radioulnar synostosis in OMIM or Gene2Phenotype, although is associated with susceptibility to craniosynostosis and Aortic valve disease 2.

PMID: 31138930 - Yang et al 2019 - investigated 140 sporadic patients and 11 families with Radioulnar synostosis (RUS) of an unknown cause. Potentially disease causing variants were found in SMAD6 in 30 individuals from 27 families. In 22 individuals the variants were detected by whole exome sequencing and confirmed by Sanger sequencing. In the remaining 8 individuals targeted Sanger sequencing of SMAD6 was performed. 27 different variants were identified (19 LOF and 8 missense), in 24 sporadic patients and three families. Parental genomic DNA was available for 11 probands with SMAD6 rare variants. Sanger sequencing validated that four variants were de novo, six were inherited from the probands’ unaffected mother, and one was inherited from the probands’ unaffected father.
Reduced penetrance was found - after excluding the index cases, the found 2/10 SMAD6- LOF carriers have nsRUS. Therefore, the penetrance of RUS in SMAD6-LOF cases is reduced (~20%).
No significant associations were observed between BMP2-Chr20–7106289T-C genotype and nsRUS in cases with SMAD6 rare variants.
Limb disorders v1.53 SMAD6 Eleanor Williams commented on gene: SMAD6: Not associated with radioulnar synostosis in OMIM or Gene2Phenotype, although is associated with susceptibility to craniosynostosis and Aortic valve disease 2.

PMID: 31138930 - Yang et al 2019 - investigated 140 sporadic patients and 11 families with RUS of an unknown cause. Potentially disease causing variants were found in SMAD6 in 30 individuals from 27 families. In 22 individuals the variants were detected by whole exome sequencing and confirmed by Sanger sequencing. In the remaining 8 individuals targetting sequencing of SMAD6 using Sanger sequencing was performed. 27 different variants were identified (19 LOF and 8 missense), in 24 sporadic patients and three families. Parental genomic DNA was available for 11 probands with SMAD6 rare variants. Sanger sequencing validated that four variants were de novo, six were inherited from the probands’ unaffected mother, and one was inherited from the probands’ unaffected father.
Reduced penetrance was found - after excluding the index cases, the found 2/10 SMAD6- LOF carriers have nsRUS. Therefore, the penetrance of RUS in SMAD6-LOF cases is reduced (~20%).
No significant associations were observed between BMP2-Chr20–7106289T-C genotype and nsRUS in cases with SMAD6 rare variants.
Limb disorders v0.172 BMP2 Eleanor Williams Classified gene: BMP2 as Green List (high evidence)
Limb disorders v0.172 BMP2 Eleanor Williams Added comment: Comment on list classification: Rating as green as publication PMID:29198724 reports sufficient cases associated with a relevant phenotype to reach a green rating for SNVs. The skeletal features include phalangeal anomalies. Rating has been checked with the Genomics England clinical team.
Limb disorders v0.172 BMP2 Eleanor Williams Gene: bmp2 has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
Limb disorders v0.171 BMP2 Eleanor Williams Tag cnv tag was added to gene: BMP2.
Limb disorders v0.148 BMP2 Eleanor Williams Added comment: Comment on publications: Added PMID:29129813 another report from 2018 of a duplication downstream of BMP2 in a Chinese family with Brachydactyly type A2
Limb disorders v0.148 BMP2 Eleanor Williams Publications for gene: BMP2 were set to 19327734; 21357617; 29198724
Limb disorders BMP2 Ellen McDonagh classified BMP2 as Amber List (moderate evidence)
Limb disorders BMP2 Ellen McDonagh Added gene to panel