Rebecca Foulger commented on gene: GFM1: As discussed with members of the GMS Neurology Specialist Test Group on the Webex call 22nd November 2019 for Clinical Indication R59 Early onset or syndromic epilepsy: Agreed that there is insufficient evidence to rate this gene Green. Better tested through the metabolic panel. Demoted from Green to Amber.
Rebecca Foulger commented on gene: GFM1: PMID:28216230 (Simon et al., 2017) report 2 brothers with compound het variants in GFM1 (maternally-inherited p.Arg250Trp and paternally-inherited p.Gly230_231Glnins19). The younger brother (P1) developed seizures by 4.5 months, characterised as infantile spasms. He has remained seizure free on treatment with topiramate. No seizures were noted for the brother who died age 10 months from multiple organ failure. The authors suggest additional modifier genes may be responsible for the different in severity between the brothers.
Rebecca Foulger commented on gene: GFM1: PMID:26937387 (Ravn et al., 2015) describe 3 patients with novel GFM1 variants. Patient 3 (a girl of non-consanguineous parents) had epileptic seizures beginning at 2 months old. She died at 3 months during a febrile episode.
Rebecca Foulger commented on gene: GFM1: PMID:21986555. Galmiche et al., 2012 report two unrelated patients with homozygous GFM1 variants (R671C). The parents were both heterozygous for this variant For the first patient (an Algerian boy from consanguineous parents), no clinical seizures were noted but EEG showed burst of multifocal spikes.
Rebecca Foulger commented on gene: GFM1: PMID:25852744. Brito et al., 2015 report an infant born to unrelated Caucasian parents with seizures amongst her phenotype (starting age 7 months) and compound het variants in GFM1 (Gly469Valfs*84 and Arg671Cys). The authors summarise clinical features of previous GFM1-deficient patients and note seizures in 5/12 patients.
Rebecca Foulger commented on gene: GFM1: PMID:21119709. In a girl, born of consanguineous parents, with combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency, Smits et al. (2011) identified a homozygous R250W variant in GFM1. The patient had refractory seizures amongst her phenotypes. This paper is referred to in the review by Tracy Lester.
Sarah Leigh Added comment: Comment when marking as ready: Associated with relevant phenotype in OMIM and as confirmed Gen2Phen gene. At least five variants reported in at least three unrelated cases in which seizures are a phenotypic feature.