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| Early onset or syndromic epilepsy v1.331 | SLC35A3 | Rebecca Foulger Source Wessex and West Midlands GLH was added to SLC35A3. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Early onset or syndromic epilepsy v1.330 | SLC35A3 | Rebecca Foulger Source NHS GMS was added to SLC35A3. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Early onset or syndromic epilepsy v1.320 | SLC35A3 | Rebecca Foulger commented on gene: SLC35A3: Kept rating as Amber based on Amber post-Webex review from Helen Lord. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Early onset or syndromic epilepsy v1.262 | SLC35A3 | Rebecca Foulger edited their review of gene: SLC35A3: Added comment: Review and rating collated by Helen Lord (Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, 2019_08_30) on behalf of West Midlands, Oxford and Wessex GLH for GMS Neurology specialist test group. This gene was added to the Genetic epilepsy syndromes panel after the initial panel was reviewed by West Midlands, Oxford and Wessex GLH: this gene was therefore reviewed following the group Webex call on 2019_08_08 for Clinical Indication R59 Early onset or syndromic epilepsy.; Changed rating: AMBER | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Early onset or syndromic epilepsy v1.261 | SLC35A3 | Helen Lord reviewed gene: SLC35A3: Rating: AMBER; Mode of pathogenicity: ; Publications: ; Phenotypes: ; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Early onset or syndromic epilepsy v1.21 | SLC35A3 | Deb Pal reviewed gene: SLC35A3: Rating: RED; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 28328131; Phenotypes: epilepsy, arthrogryposis; Mode of inheritance: MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Early onset or syndromic epilepsy v1.16 | SLC35A3 | Rebecca Foulger commented on gene: SLC35A3: Added watchlist tag. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Early onset or syndromic epilepsy v1.16 | SLC35A3 | Rebecca Foulger Tag watchlist tag was added to gene: SLC35A3. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Early onset or syndromic epilepsy v1.16 | SLC35A3 | Rebecca Foulger Classified gene: SLC35A3 as Amber List (moderate evidence) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Early onset or syndromic epilepsy v1.16 | SLC35A3 | Rebecca Foulger Added comment: Comment on list classification: Updated rating from Grey to Amber. Gene was added to panel and rated Green by Konstantinos Varvagiannis. 1 case (multiple individuals from Ashkenazi Jewish kindred) in PMID:24031089 with epilepsy in many individuals. A second epilepsy case comes from PMID:28328131 (Marini et al. 2017). Epilepsy is not recorded in the SLC35A3‐related skeletal dysplasia patient from PMID:28777481 who died at 21days. ClinVar submissions weren't included as additional cases as individual phenotypes were not recorded. Therefore rated Amber awaiting further published or clinical cases. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Early onset or syndromic epilepsy v1.16 | SLC35A3 | Rebecca Foulger Gene: slc35a3 has been classified as Amber List (Moderate Evidence). | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Early onset or syndromic epilepsy v1.15 | SLC35A3 | Rebecca Foulger commented on gene: SLC35A3: The 2013 (SCV000108589.2) and 2016 (SCV000699337.1) ClinVar submissions reported in the review by Konstantinos Varvagiannis link to the same publication: Edvardson et al. (2013, PMID:24031089). | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Early onset or syndromic epilepsy v1.15 | SLC35A3 | Rebecca Foulger Phenotypes for gene: SLC35A3 were changed from ?Arthrogryposis, mental retardation, and seizures (MIM 615553) to ?Arthrogryposis, mental retardation, and seizures (MIM 615553); Early onset epileptic encephalopathy with skeletal defects | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Early onset or syndromic epilepsy v1.14 | SLC35A3 | Rebecca Foulger commented on gene: SLC35A3: Marini et al. 2017 (PMID: 28328131) provide a second case. They report a non-consanguineous Italian family with two siblings manifesting severe EE. Both siblings exhibited infantile spasms associated with focal and tonic seizures from early infancy. In addition, both had quadriplegia, acquired microcephaly and severe ID. WGS identified novel compound het variants in SLC35A3 in both children. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Early onset or syndromic epilepsy v1.14 | SLC35A3 | Rebecca Foulger commented on gene: SLC35A3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Early onset or syndromic epilepsy v1.6 | SLC35A3 |
Konstantinos Varvagiannis gene: SLC35A3 was added gene: SLC35A3 was added to Genetic epilepsy syndromes. Sources: Literature Mode of inheritance for gene: SLC35A3 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal Publications for gene: SLC35A3 were set to 24031089; 28328131; 28777481; 16344554 Phenotypes for gene: SLC35A3 were set to ?Arthrogryposis, mental retardation, and seizures (MIM 615553) Penetrance for gene: SLC35A3 were set to Complete Review for gene: SLC35A3 was set to GREEN Added comment: Biallelic pathogenic variants in SLC35A3 cause Arthrogryposis, mental retardation, and seizures (MIM 615553). -------- Edvardson et al. (PMID: 24031089) report on 8 affected individuals from 3 nuclear Ashkenazi Jewish families. All harbored a nonsense [NM_012243.1:c.514C>T / p.(Gln172*)] as well as a missense variant [NM_012243.1:c.886A>G / p.(Ser296Gly)] in the compound heterozygous state. Most of the parents, who were heterozygous for the one or the other variant, were distantly related. Common features included ASD (8/8), arthrogryposis (8/8), seizures (6/8) and intellectual disability (6/8 - variable degrees). Upon cDNA studies, the (predicted) missense variant led to skipping of exon 8 and there was no normal size transcript (as would be expected for a variant of this type). Introduction of a premature stop codon due to this variant as well instability of the mRNA from the Gln172Ter allele was presumed to lead to absence of functional SLC35A3 protein. Testing of 2045 Ashkenazi Jewish individuals revealed a carrier frequency of 1/205 for the missense variant in this community (with no occurrence of the nonsense variant). SLC35A3 is a nucleotide sugar transporter that transports (uniquely) UDP-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) from the cytoplasm where it is synthesized to its site of use in the Golgi. Proper function of such transporters is essential for biosynthesis of glycoproteins, glycolipids and proteoglycans. Although the transport of UDP-GlcNAc is mediated also by other less specific transporters, members of the SLC35 family, reduced transport was shown in patient fibroblasts compared to controls. In addition an abnormal N-glycan profile was shown in patient fibroblasts (but was not the case in serum). Biallelic SLC35A3 mutations in cattle were previously shown to cause a Complex Vertebral Malformation (CVM) syndrome characterized by abnormal growth, vertebral and heart malformations as well as arthrogryposis (Thomsen et al. - PMID: 16344554). Arthrogryposis as well as some skeletal features observed in patients were similar to those of the animal model. -------- Marini et al. (PMID: 28328131) report on 2 sibs compound heterozygous for a missense and a frameshift variant [NM_012243.2:c.73C>T or p.(Arg25Cys) and c.899_900delTTinsA or p.(Leu300Glnfs*6)]. Hypotonia, DD with ID, early-onset seizures and arthrogryposis were features in both. Severe scoliosis was also noted in the younger sib. --------- Edmondson et al. (PMID: 28777481) report on a neonate (follow-up till the 21st day of life) with extensive vertebral anomalies (butterfly vertebrae, hemibertebrae, sagittal clefts, scoliosis), heart defects (PFO, PDA) and arthrogryposis. Presence of hypotonia or other neurologic features (eg. seizures) is not commented on. Conventional caryotype and SNP-array analysis were normal apart from the presence of ROH regions due to parental consanguinity. Exome sequencing revealed only a homozygous missense SNV [c.74G>T or p.(Arg25Leu) - NP_036375.1] which was supported by an abnormal N-glycan profile. As proposed for the bovine model (PMID: 16344554) and discussed in this article, similarity of the skeletal/congenital heart defects with those observed in Alagille syndrome might be due to some of the Notch functions being dependent upon N-acetylglucosamine modification. --------- In ClinVar : There is a further submission of p.Ser296Gly as pathogenic (SCV000699337.1 - 2016) apart from the submission by OMIM (SCV000108589.2 - 2013). The associated condition is Arthrogryposis, mental retardation, and seizures. A frameshift variant [NM_012243.2(SLC35A3):c.680dup (p.Asp227Glufs)- SCV000826704.1 - April 2018] as well as an intragenic deletion [NC_000001.10:g.(?_100472570)_(100477109_?)del (GRCh37) - SCV000837123.1 - June 2018] have both been submitted as pathogenic, associated with Arthrogryposis, mental retardation, and seizures. (Note: due to the different submission dates, one can presume that these variants were found in different individuals). --------- SLC35A3 is not associated with any phenotype in G2P. --------- As a result, this gene can be considered for inclusion in the epilepsy panel probably as green (or amber) [Consider upgrade of this gene to green in other panels (eg. CDGs, arthrogryposis, IEMs) and/or inclusion in other possibly relevant panels.] Sources: Literature |
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