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| Likely inborn error of metabolism - targeted testing not possible v4.114 | VPS16 |
Sarah Leigh gene: VPS16 was added gene: VPS16 was added to Likely inborn error of metabolism - targeted testing not possible. Sources: Other Q4_23_promote_green tags were added to gene: VPS16. Mode of inheritance for gene: VPS16 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal Publications for gene: VPS16 were set to 33938619; 34013567 Phenotypes for gene: VPS16 were set to Mucopolysaccharidosis-like syndrome (biallelic); Dystonia Associated with Lysosomal Abnormalities (monoallelic); Dystonia 30, OMIM:619291 Review for gene: VPS16 was set to GREEN Added comment: Copied from Lysosomal storage disorder panel: Four individuals from three families were identified (PMIDs: 33938619; 34013567) exhibiting a mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS)-like lysosomal storage phenotype with short stature, coarse facies, DD or regression, peripheral neuropathy, skeletal dysplasia, neutropenia, and high-normal glycosaminoglycan excretion. All harboured homozygous variants in VPS16 which segregated with disease, including a missense variant in a sib pair (c.540G>T; p.Trp180Cys) and a recurrent intronic variant (c.2272‐18C>A) in two supposedly unrelated patients (although both of Middle Eastern descent). Fibroblasts of the two patients with the intronic variant showed accumulation of lysosomal compartments and autophagosomes with significantly decreased VPS16 mRNA and protein levels, as well as HOPS/CORVET complexes. Cellular phenotypes were rescued upon re-expression of wild-type VPS16. ----- Heterozygous variants, as well as a homozygous missense variant (c.156C>A) found in a consanguineous Chinese family (PMID:27174565), have been found to cause dystonia with variable onset (OMIM:619291). It has been suggested that the discrepancies in patient phenotypes are due to different mechanisms of pathogenicity, where variants causing dystonia do not affect the levels of endolysosomal tethering (HOPS/CORVET) complexes. More research is needed to clarify the mechanisms underlying VPS16-related dystonia as only limited functional data is currently available - Steel et al. 2020 (PMID:32808683) did perform electron microscopic studies of lymphocytes and fibroblasts derived from 2 unrelated patients, which showed vacuolar abnormalities suggestive of impaired lysosomal function. Sources: Literature Arina Puzriakova (Genomics England Curator), 14 Jun 2021 Sources: Other |
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| Likely inborn error of metabolism - targeted testing not possible v4.2 | SPG7 | Sarah Leigh edited their review of gene: SPG7: Added comment: Associated with relevant phenotype in OMIM and as definitive Gen2Phen gene. Numerous biallelic SPG7 variants have been reported (PMIDs: 9635427; 16534102; 17646629; 18200586, 20186691; 22571692) and at least five monoallelic SPG7 variants have been associated with Spastic paraplegia 7, autosomal recessive, OMIM:607259 (PMIDs: 18200586; 22571692). For this reason, the mode of inheritance for this gene should be BOTH monoallelic and biallelic (but BIALLELIC mutations cause a more SEVERE disease form) autosomal or pseudoautosomal.; Changed mode of inheritance: BOTH monoallelic and biallelic (but BIALLELIC mutations cause a more SEVERE disease form), autosomal or pseudoautosomal | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Likely inborn error of metabolism - targeted testing not possible v2.315 | UQCRC1 | Arina Puzriakova Added comment: Comment on list classification: Rating Amber based on current evidence - three unrelated individuals with Parkinson's disease and heterozygous variants identified by one group (PMID: 33141179) but results have failed to be replicated in large European and Chinese cohorts (PMIDs: 33779694; 33248804) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Likely inborn error of metabolism - targeted testing not possible v2.262 | STT3A | Arina Puzriakova Added comment: Comment on mode of inheritance: Updated from 'biallelic' to 'both mono- and biallelic' - congenital disorder of glycosylation due to STT3A has been identified in at least 3 families with biallelic variants (PMIDs: 23842455; 30701557; 28424003) and 9 families with monoallelic variants (PMID: 34653363) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Likely inborn error of metabolism - targeted testing not possible v2.186 | EHHADH | Arina Puzriakova Phenotypes for gene: EHHADH were changed from L-bifunctional protein deficiency; Metabolic acidosis; Increased amino acids in urine to ?Fanconi renotubular syndrome 3, OMIM:615605; L-bifunctional protein deficiency; Metabolic acidosis; Increased amino acids in urine | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Likely inborn error of metabolism - targeted testing not possible v2.181 | ACAT2 | Arina Puzriakova Added comment: Comment on list classification: New gene added by Andžela Lazdāne. Currently associated with a provisional phenotype in OMIM (?ACAT2 deficiency, OMIM:614055) and not yet listed in G2P. In the 2 cases reported to date (PMIDs: 20597, 6150136), diagnoses were made based on molecular rather than genetic findings. Rating Red as at present there is no published evidence of deleterious variants in the ACAT2 gene leading to this phenotype. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Likely inborn error of metabolism - targeted testing not possible v2.174 | SERAC1 | Arina Puzriakova Phenotypes for gene: SERAC1 were changed from Disorders of mitochondrial membrane lipids (Mitochondrial respiratory chain disorders (caused by nuclear variants only)); Multiple respiratory chain complex deficiencies (disorders of protein synthesis); Methylglutaconic aciduria with deafness, encephalopathy and Leigh-like syndrome (MEGDEL) (Organic acidurias); 3-methylglutaconic aciduria with deafness, encephalopathy, and Leigh-like syndrome, 614739 to 3-methylglutaconic aciduria with deafness, encephalopathy, and Leigh-like syndrome, OMIM:614739; Disorders of mitochondrial membrane lipids (Mitochondrial respiratory chain disorders (caused by nuclear variants only)); Multiple respiratory chain complex deficiencies (disorders of protein synthesis) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Likely inborn error of metabolism - targeted testing not possible v2.154 | EHHADH |
Andžela Lazdāne gene: EHHADH was added gene: EHHADH was added to Inborn errors of metabolism. Sources: Literature Mode of inheritance for gene: EHHADH was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal Publications for gene: EHHADH were set to PMID: 33340416 Phenotypes for gene: EHHADH were set to L-bifunctional protein deficiency; Metabolic acidosis; Increased amino acids in urine Review for gene: EHHADH was set to AMBER Added comment: Fanconi renotubular syndrome type 3. The EHHADH gene is included in international classification of inherited metabolic disorders (ICIMD), Disorders of peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation. IEM Nosology Group (IEMbase): Disorders of peroxisomal β-oxidation. Sources: Literature |
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| Likely inborn error of metabolism - targeted testing not possible v2.147 | ALDH18A1 | Sarah Leigh commented on gene: ALDH18A1: The mode of inheritance for this gene should be BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, as reduced levels of proline, ornithine, arginine, and citrulline have been reported in cases with both monoallelic and biallelic ALDH18A1 variants (PMIDs 11092761; 22170564; 26320891). | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Likely inborn error of metabolism - targeted testing not possible v2.22 | AHCY | Arina Puzriakova Phenotypes for gene: AHCY were changed from S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase deficiency (Disorders of the metabolism of sulphur amino acids) to Hypermethioninemia with deficiency of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase, 613752; Disorders of the metabolism of sulphur amino acids | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Likely inborn error of metabolism - targeted testing not possible v1.286 | SPTLC1 |
Catherine Snow changed review comment from: Promoted from Amber to Green. This gene is associated with a relevant disease in OMIM and there is enough evidence to support a gene-disease association. SPTLC1, encodes one of the two subunits of serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT), the enzyme catalyzing the first and rate-limiting step in the de novo synthesis of sphingolipids. PMID 20097765 reports that mutations in SPTLC1 cause a gain of function mechanism, which results in the formation of two atypical and neurotoxic sphingolipid metabolites. Confirmed cases in Bristol (see review on Hereditary Neuropathy panel https://panelapp.genomicsengland.co.uk/panels/85/) and in sufficient publications.; to: Promoted from Amber to Green. This gene is associated with a relevant disease in OMIM and there is enough evidence to support a gene-disease association. SPTLC1, encodes one of the two subunits of serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT), the enzyme catalyzing the first and rate-limiting step in the de novo synthesis of sphingolipids. PMID 20097765 reports that mutations in SPTLC1 cause a gain of function mechanism, which results in the formation of two atypical and neurotoxic sphingolipid metabolites. Confirmed cases in Bristol (see review on Hereditary Neuropathy panel https://panelapp.genomicsengland.co.uk/panels/85/) and in sufficient publications. This gene was part of an initial gene list collated by Emma Ashton on behalf of the London North GLH, for GMS Metabolic Consensus Specialist Test Group. Additional information was not provided, such as mode of inheritance and phenotype. |
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| Likely inborn error of metabolism - targeted testing not possible v1.281 | SPTLC2 |
Catherine Snow changed review comment from: Promoted from Amber to Green. This gene is associated with a relevant disease on OMIM and Gene2Phenotype and there is enough evidence to support a gene-disease association. SPTLC2, encodes one of the two subunits of serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT), the enzyme catalyzing the first and rate-limiting step in the de novo synthesis of sphingolipids. PMID: 20920666 reports on three heterozygous missense mutations in the SPTLC2 subunit of SPT in four families and also confirmed cases in Bristol (see review on Hereditary Neuropathy panel https://panelapp.genomicsengland.co.uk/panels/85/). This gene was part of an initial gene list collated by Emma Ashton on behalf of the London North GLH, for GMS Metabolic Consensus Specialist Test Group. Additional information was not provided, such as mode of inheritance and phenotype.; to: Promoted from Amber to Green. This gene is associated with a relevant disease on OMIM and Gene2Phenotype and there is enough evidence to support a gene-disease association. SPTLC2, encodes one of the two subunits of serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT), the enzyme catalyzing the first and rate-limiting step in the de novo synthesis of sphingolipids. PMID: 20920666 reports on three heterozygous missense mutations in the SPTLC2 subunit of SPT in four families and also confirmed cases in Bristol (see review on Hereditary Neuropathy panel https://panelapp.genomicsengland.co.uk/panels/85/). This gene was part of an initial gene list collated by Emma Ashton on behalf of the London North GLH, for GMS Metabolic Consensus Specialist Test Group. Additional information was not provided, such as mode of inheritance and phenotype. |
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| Likely inborn error of metabolism - targeted testing not possible v1.47 | IDS |
Ivone Leong Source NHS GMS was added to IDS. Source London North GLH was added to IDS. |
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| Likely inborn error of metabolism - targeted testing not possible v0.4 | TAZ |
Ellen McDonagh Added phenotypes Disorders of mitochondrial membrane lipids (Mitochondrial respiratory chain disorders (caused by nuclear variants only)); Barth syndrome, 302060; Methylglutaconic aciduria type II, Barth syndrome (Organic acidurias); Disorders of mitochondrial lipid metabolism for gene: TAZ Publications for gene TAZ were changed from to 27604308 |
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| Likely inborn error of metabolism - targeted testing not possible v0.4 | IDS |
Ellen McDonagh gene: IDS was added gene: IDS was added to Inborn errors of metabolism. Sources: Expert Review Green Mode of inheritance for gene: IDS was set to X-LINKED: hemizygous mutation in males, biallelic mutations in females Publications for gene: IDS were set to 27604308 Phenotypes for gene: IDS were set to MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS TYPE 2; MPS II, Hunter disease (Mucopolysaccharidoses); Mucopolysaccharidosis II, 309900; Mucopolysaccharidosis Type II |
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| Likely inborn error of metabolism - targeted testing not possible v0.4 | ATAD3B |
Ellen McDonagh gene: ATAD3B was added gene: ATAD3B was added to Inborn errors of metabolism. Sources: Expert Review Red Mode of inheritance for gene: ATAD3B was set to Unknown Phenotypes for gene: ATAD3B were set to Influence on AIDS progression; No OMIM phenotype |
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| Likely inborn error of metabolism - targeted testing not possible v0.4 | SERAC1 |
Ellen McDonagh Added phenotypes Disorders of mitochondrial membrane lipids (Mitochondrial respiratory chain disorders (caused by nuclear variants only)); Multiple respiratory chain complex deficiencies (disorders of protein synthesis); Methylglutaconic aciduria with deafness, encephalopathy and Leigh-like syndrome (MEGDEL) (Organic acidurias); 3-methylglutaconic aciduria with deafness, encephalopathy, and Leigh-like syndrome, 614739 for gene: SERAC1 Publications for gene SERAC1 were changed from 29205472 to 27604308 |
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| Likely inborn error of metabolism - targeted testing not possible v0.4 | AHCY |
Ellen McDonagh gene: AHCY was added gene: AHCY was added to Inborn errors of metabolism. Sources: Expert Review Red Mode of inheritance for gene: AHCY was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal Publications for gene: AHCY were set to 27604308 Phenotypes for gene: AHCY were set to S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase deficiency (Disorders of the metabolism of sulphur amino acids) |
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| Likely inborn error of metabolism - targeted testing not possible v0.4 | AGK |
Ellen McDonagh Added phenotypes Disorders of mitochondrial membrane lipids (Mitochondrial respiratory chain disorders (caused by nuclear variants only)); Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 10; Multiple respiratory chain complex deficiencies (disorders of protein synthesis); Acylglycerol kinase deficiency (Senger syndrome) (Disorders of complex lipid synthesis); Sengers syndrome, 212350; Sengers syndrome 212350; Disorders of mitochondrial lipid metabolism; Cataract 38, autosomal recessive, 614691 for gene: AGK Publications for gene AGK were changed from to 27604308 |
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