Distal myopathies

Gene: TIA1

Green List (high evidence)

TIA1 (TIA1 cytotoxic granule associated RNA binding protein)
EnsemblGeneIds (GRCh38): ENSG00000116001
EnsemblGeneIds (GRCh37): ENSG00000116001
OMIM: 603518, Gene2Phenotype
TIA1 is in 4 panels

3 reviews

Eleanor Williams (Genomics England Curator)

Comment on phenotypes: OMIM phenotype accessed on 23rd October 2025
Created: 23 Oct 2025, 12:49 a.m. | Last Modified: 23 Oct 2025, 12:49 a.m.
Panel Version: 6.11
Comment on mode of inheritance: Suggested to change the mode of inheritance to monoallelic only following GMS review.
Created: 23 Oct 2025, 12:47 a.m. | Last Modified: 23 Oct 2025, 12:47 a.m.
Panel Version: 6.9
2 reports of apparent homozygosity in PMID: 13469174 (Welander 1957) and PMID: 10482271 (Ahlberg et al. 1999). In both cases both parents were affected by Welander distal myopathy. Probands and parents were not sequenced. As both cases are likely to be from the Swedish populations, where a common founder variant was later identified, E384K (PMID: 23401021, Hackman 2013) it is possible that these are true homozygous cases.

However, no further homozygous cases have been reported in the literature, these two cases were not confirmed and two cases doesn't not meet our threshold for including this mode of inheritance for a green rated gene, the mode of inheritance should be changed to monallelic only.
Created: 23 Oct 2025, 12:46 a.m. | Last Modified: 23 Oct 2025, 12:46 a.m.
Panel Version: 6.8

Mode of inheritance
MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown

Cassandra Smith (Genomics England)

Green List (high evidence)

Do not see any evidence in the literature of a biallelic mode of inheritance for variants in this gene associated with distal myopathy

Nearly all reports are for the common E384K variant in a heterozygous state.
Created: 24 Mar 2025, 11:54 a.m. | Last Modified: 24 Mar 2025, 11:54 a.m.
Panel Version: 6.3

Mode of inheritance
MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown

Arianna Tucci (Genomics England Curator)

Green List (high evidence)

Common in Finnish and Swedish patients (one common mutation E384K)
Created: 31 Jan 2017, 4:55 p.m.

Mode of inheritance
BOTH monoallelic and biallelic (but BIALLELIC mutations cause a more SEVERE disease form), autosomal or pseudoautosomal

Phenotypes
Welander distal myopathy, 604454

Publications

Details

Mode of Inheritance
BOTH monoallelic and biallelic (but BIALLELIC mutations cause a more SEVERE disease form), autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Sources
  • Expert Review Green
  • Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen
Phenotypes
  • Welander distal myopathy, OMIM:604454
  • distal myopathy, Welander type, MONDO:0011466
Tags
Q3_25_MOI
OMIM
603518
Clinvar variants
Variants in TIA1
Penetrance
Complete
Publications
Panels with this gene

History Filter Activity

23 Oct 2025, Gel status: 3

Set Phenotypes

Eleanor Williams (Genomics England Curator)

Phenotypes for gene: TIA1 were changed from Welander distal myopathy, 604454 to Welander distal myopathy, OMIM:604454; distal myopathy, Welander type, MONDO:0011466

23 Oct 2025, Gel status: 3

Set publications

Eleanor Williams (Genomics England Curator)

Publications for gene: TIA1 were set to 23401021

23 Oct 2025, Gel status: 3

Set mode of inheritance

Eleanor Williams (Genomics England Curator)

Mode of inheritance for gene: TIA1 was changed from BOTH monoallelic and biallelic (but BIALLELIC mutations cause a more SEVERE disease form), autosomal or pseudoautosomal to BOTH monoallelic and biallelic (but BIALLELIC mutations cause a more SEVERE disease form), autosomal or pseudoautosomal

23 Oct 2025, Gel status: 3

Added Tag

Eleanor Williams (Genomics England Curator)

Tag Q3_25_MOI tag was added to gene: TIA1.

22 Feb 2017, Gel status: 4

panel promoted to version 1

Arianna Tucci (Genomics England Curator)

Promoted to V1 on 22nd of February 2017, after revising with the curation team and the expert from UCL Dr Bugiardini.

20 Feb 2017, Gel status: 4

Gene classified by Genomics England curator

Arianna Tucci (Genomics England Curator)

This gene has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).

20 Feb 2017, Gel status: 4

Set publications

Arianna Tucci (Genomics England Curator)

Publications for TIA1 were set to 23401021

20 Feb 2017, Gel status: 4

Set Mode of Inheritance

Arianna Tucci (Genomics England Curator)

Mode of inheritance for TIA1 was changed to BOTH monoallelic and biallelic (but BIALLELIC mutations cause a more SEVERE disease form), autosomal or pseudoautosomal

20 Feb 2017, Gel status: 4

Gene classified by Genomics England curator

Arianna Tucci (Genomics England Curator)

This gene has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).

28 Jul 2015, Gel status: 1

Added New Source

Ellen McDonagh (Genomics England Curator)

TIA1 was added to Distal myopathiespanel. Sources: Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen