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Early onset or syndromic epilepsy v8.105 BRSK1 Arina Puzriakova edited their review of gene: BRSK1: Changed rating: GREEN
Early onset or syndromic epilepsy v8.102 BRSK1 Ida Ertmanska Mode of inheritance for gene: BRSK1 was changed from MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Early onset or syndromic epilepsy v8.93 BRSK1 John Taylor reviewed gene: BRSK1: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 41035394; Phenotypes: Epilepsy, global developmental delay; Mode of inheritance: MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Early onset or syndromic epilepsy v8.59 BRSK1 Arina Puzriakova Classified gene: BRSK1 as Amber List (moderate evidence)
Early onset or syndromic epilepsy v8.59 BRSK1 Arina Puzriakova Added comment: Comment on list classification: There is sufficient evidence to promote this gene to Green at the next GMS panel update - 7 unrelated cases with early onset epilepsy and supportive data from functional and animal model studies (PMID: 41035394)
Early onset or syndromic epilepsy v8.59 BRSK1 Arina Puzriakova Gene: brsk1 has been classified as Amber List (Moderate Evidence).
Early onset or syndromic epilepsy v8.58 BRSK1 Arina Puzriakova Tag Q3_25_promote_green tag was added to gene: BRSK1.
Early onset or syndromic epilepsy v8.58 BRSK1 Arina Puzriakova gene: BRSK1 was added
gene: BRSK1 was added to Early onset or syndromic epilepsy. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: BRSK1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown
Publications for gene: BRSK1 were set to 41035394
Phenotypes for gene: BRSK1 were set to Neurodevelopmental disorder, MONDO:0700092
Review for gene: BRSK1 was set to AMBER
Added comment: Zhang et al. 2025 (PMID: 41035394) describe 7 unrelated individuals, born to non-consanguineous Chinese parents, with unexplained epilepsy and heterozygous variants in the BRSK1 gene identified by trio WES. Variants include four SNVs and two indels (2 frameshift, 1 nonsense, 3 missense) - five were de novo, one inherited from an affected parent and one recurrent. No other pathogenic variants in epilepsy genes were identified. BRSK1 is intolerant to LoF variants (pLI = 1 in gnomAD v4.1.0).

Clinical features in affected individuals include epilepsy (7/7) with age of onset before age 1 (with exception of 1 case with age of onset at 6 yrs), variable brain MRI abnormalities (3/7), developmental delay (2 GDD, 1 mental delay, 1 motor delay, 2 without DD). One individual also had ASD and ADHD.

Frameshift and nonsense variants led to complete loss of BRSK1 protein, while one missense variant reduced protein levels. Proteomic analyses demonstrated axonal and synaptic dysfunction. Brsk1 exon 4-7 knockout mice (heterozygous and homozygous) exhibited seizures, neuronal hyperexcitability and neurobehavioral impairments which recapitulated clinical features observed in humans.
Sources: Literature