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Intellectual disability v3.1514 CDK19 Arina Puzriakova Tag for-review was removed from gene: CDK19.
Intellectual disability v3.1510 CDK19 Sarah Leigh commented on gene: CDK19: After NHS Genomic Medicine Service consideration, the mode of inheritance of this gene has not been changed
Intellectual disability v3.1510 CDK19 Sarah Leigh commented on gene: CDK19: The rating of this gene has been updated following NHS Genomic Medicine Service approval.
Intellectual disability v3.1509 CDK19 Arina Puzriakova Source NHS GMS was added to CDK19.
Intellectual disability v3.1509 CDK19 Arina Puzriakova Source Expert Review Green was added to CDK19.
Rating Changed from Amber List (moderate evidence) to Green List (high evidence)
Intellectual disability v3.963 CDK19 Sarah Leigh edited their review of gene: CDK19: Added comment: There is enough evidence for this gene to be rated GREEN at the next major review.; Changed rating: GREEN
Intellectual disability v3.963 CDK19 Julia Baptista changed review comment from: De novo missense variants mapped to the kinase domain of CDK19 were described in 11 unrelated individuals (age range: 9 months to 14 years).Two recurrent changes at residues Tyr32 and Gly28 were identified.
One additional case report (PMID:33568421) described a 10-month-old male patient who presented with a neurodevelopmental syndrome characterized by infantile spasms and a de novo missense variant c.92C>A (p.Thr31Asn) (also in the kinase domain). This brings the total of cases reported in the literature to 15.; to: De novo missense variants mapped to the kinase domain of CDK19 were described in 11 unrelated individuals (age range: 9 months to 14 years).Two recurrent changes at residues Tyr32 and Gly28 were identified.
One additional case report (PMID:33568421) described a 10-month-old male patient who presented with a neurodevelopmental syndrome characterized by infantile spasms and a de novo missense variant c.92C>A (p.Thr31Asn) (also in the kinase domain). This brings the total of cases reported in the literature to 15.
Intellectual disability v3.963 CDK19 Julia Baptista reviewed gene: CDK19: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: PMID: 33495529, 33568421, 32330417; Phenotypes: developmental delay, hypotonia, seizures, autism/autistic traits; Mode of inheritance: MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted; Current diagnostic: yes
Intellectual disability v3.150 CDK19 Sarah Leigh Tag for-review tag was added to gene: CDK19.
Intellectual disability v3.150 CDK19 Sarah Leigh Classified gene: CDK19 as Amber List (moderate evidence)
Intellectual disability v3.150 CDK19 Sarah Leigh Added comment: Comment on list classification: Associated with relevant phenotype in OMIM and as probable Gen2Phen gene. At least 2 variants reported in 3 unrelated cases, together with supportive Drosophila, demonstating the effects of the variants (PMID 32330417).
Intellectual disability v3.150 CDK19 Sarah Leigh Gene: cdk19 has been classified as Amber List (Moderate Evidence).
Intellectual disability v3.149 CDK19 Sarah Leigh Phenotypes for gene: CDK19 were changed from microcephaly, congenital bilateral falciform retinal folds, nystagmus, and mental retardation to Epileptic encephalopathy, early infantile, 87 618916
Intellectual disability v3.148 CDK19 Sarah Leigh Publications for gene: CDK19 were set to 20563892
Intellectual disability v3.148 CDK19 Sarah Leigh Mode of inheritance for gene: CDK19 was changed from Unknown to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Intellectual disability v3.31 CDK19 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: CDK19: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 32330417; Phenotypes: Intellectual disability, epileptic encephalopathy; Mode of inheritance: MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Intellectual disability v2.787 CDK8 Konstantinos Varvagiannis commented on gene: CDK8: Calpena et al. (2019 - PMID: 30905399 - DDD study among the co-authors) report on 12 unrelated individuals with pathogenic CDK8 missense variants.

Common features included hypotonia and DD (universal feature). Older children displayed variable degrees of ID (2 mild, 5 moderate, 2 moderate-severe). Other features included feeding difficulties, behavioral disorders, CHD, epilepsy (2 individuals), impaired vision and hearing problems in few.

CDK8 (alternatively CDK19) serves a one of the four subunits of a kinase module that reversibly binds to the mediator complex to regulate its activity (in turn, regulation of transcription). Mutations in other genes coding for the 3 other subunits of the kinase module (eg. MED12 or MED13L) lead to syndromic neurodevelopmental disorders.

8 missense CDK8 variants were reported in total. Ser62Leu (NM_001260.2:c.185C>T) was recurrent, observed in 5 subjects. The variants had occurred as de novo events in all cases (10 individuals) where parental samples were available.

All variants clustered in the kinase domain (residues 21-335 - of 464 total) around the ATP binding pocket. A thermal stability assay did not reveal gross protein instability in the presence or absence of ATP while the ability to bind ATP was retained for most/all variants. Study of STAT1 phosphorylation was suggestive of attenuated kinase activity for all variants, though to a lesser degree for 2 of them. Given the type of variants (all missense) and the pLI of 0.38 haploinsufficiency appears to be unlikely. A dominant-negative mechanism is favoured.

CDK8 is not associated with any phenotype in G2P.

As a result, CDK8 can be considered for upgrade to green or amber (if the degree of ID is relevant for the current panel).
Intellectual disability CDK19 Ellen McDonagh Added gene to panel