Activity
| Date | Panel | Item | Activity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
22 actions
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retinal disorders v9.4 | COL11A1 |
Ida Ertmanska changed review comment from: PMID: 32578940 Nixon et al., 2020 Female patient with clinical type 2 Stickler syndrome but with severe hearing loss and severe ocular features including retinal atrophy and retinal tears in childhood. She was comp het for COL11A1 variants: a de novo in frame deletion of COL11A1 (c.4109_4126del) and splice variant c.1245+2T>C which affects splicing of exon 9 (inherited from unaffected mother). Her parents were nonconsanguineous and had no eye, hearing, joint, or palate abnormalities. Author explanation of inheritance: "The de novo deletion alone would be expected to result in dominant type 2 Stickler syndrome, but missplicing of exon 9 leads to additional severe hearing loss." "While exon 9 is expressed in both vitreous and immature chondrocytes, it is not expressed in mature chondrocytes" - so any variants affecting exon 9 do not cause fibrochondrogenesis, but a Stickler syndrome phenotype with severe hearing loss. PMID: 31833174 Abreu et al., 2020 3yo male proband with pontocerebellar hypoplasia caused by a homozygous AMPD2 p.[Pro734Leu] variant, and Stickler syndrome 2, likely caused by a homozygous COL11A1 c.1168G > T, p.[Glu390Ter] change. He presented with high myopia, mild-to-moderate hearing loss, as well as AMPD2-related profound motor and language delay. PMID: 23922384 Richards et al., 2013 3 families with recessive form of type 2 Stickler syndrome characterised by particularly profound hearing loss. Heterozygous parents either had minor signs associated with Stickler syndrome, or were asymptomatic. F1 - proband with cleft palate, hypermetropia, and profound deafness, was comp het for COL11A1 variants: (c.1191delT, p.Asn398Metfs*19) and (c.4259G>T, p.Gly1420Val) - exon 9 and 58, respectively. Age-compatible hearing loss in the mother, and mild-to-moderate hearing loss in the father F2 - proband with high myopia, Pierre Robin sequence, and profound hearing loss, similarly affected sibling. Comp het for COL11A1 c.1421dupC, p.Gly475Argfs*9 in exon 13 and c.991-24A>G in intron 8 - creating an alternative exon 9 acceptor splice site. F3 - girl with hearing loss diagnosed at 5 weeks, and retinal dystrophy noted at 2 yrs, also had clinical joint laxity. Parents unaffected, no hearing loss. Comp het c.2607A>G, p.Ala869Ala (shown to affect splicing) and c.5398G>T, p.Gly1800Cys. PMID: 23026214 Alzahrani et al., 2012 6yo patient with homozygous exon 9 c.1191delT, p.(Asn398Metfs*19) variant in COL11A1; phenotype: unilateral retinal detachment, SNHL, cleft palate, flat midface, micrognathia. Parents unaffected, only mild myopia seen in the father. PMID: 21035103 Tompson et al., 2010 2 individuals with Fibrochondrogenesis (severe skeletal dysplasia). Family 1 - proband of European descent, comp het for COL11A1 variants c.1786dupG, (p.Ala596GlyfsX8), and c.3124G>A, (p.Gly1042Arg); presented with skeletal dysplasia (no note of hearing assessment); mother had myopia and normal hearing, father had hearing loss and wore glasses since childhood. Family 2 - male proband (European and African American descent) comp het for COL11A1 c.2386G>C (p.Gly796Arg) and c.3943G>T, (p.Gly1315X) variants; he has fibrochondrogenesis, mild-moderate hearing loss, high myopia and left cataract. Father had mild hearing loss, mother - mild myopia (normal hearing), otherwise asymptomatic. Authors pose that LOF variants lead to dominant hearing loss.; to: PMID: 32578940 Nixon et al., 2020 Female patient with clinical type 2 Stickler syndrome but with severe hearing loss and severe ocular features including retinal atrophy and retinal tears in childhood. She was comp het for COL11A1 variants: a de novo in frame deletion of COL11A1 (c.4109_4126del) and splice variant c.1245+2T>C which affects splicing of exon 9 (inherited from unaffected mother). Her parents were nonconsanguineous and had no eye, hearing, joint, or palate abnormalities. Author explanation of inheritance: "The de novo deletion alone would be expected to result in dominant type 2 Stickler syndrome, but missplicing of exon 9 leads to additional severe hearing loss." "While exon 9 is expressed in both vitreous and immature chondrocytes, it is not expressed in mature chondrocytes" - so any variants affecting exon 9 do not cause fibrochondrogenesis, but a Stickler syndrome phenotype with severe hearing loss. PMID: 31833174 Abreu et al., 2020 3yo male proband with pontocerebellar hypoplasia caused by a homozygous AMPD2 p.[Pro734Leu] variant, and Stickler syndrome 2, likely caused by a homozygous COL11A1 c.1168G > T, p.[Glu390Ter] change. He presented with high myopia, mild-to-moderate hearing loss, as well as AMPD2-related profound motor and language delay. PMID: 23922384 Richards et al., 2013 3 families with recessive form of type 2 Stickler syndrome characterised by particularly profound hearing loss. Heterozygous parents either had minor signs associated with Stickler syndrome, or were asymptomatic. F1 - proband with cleft palate, hypermetropia, and profound deafness, was comp het for COL11A1 variants: (c.1191delT, p.Asn398Metfs*19) and (c.4259G>T, p.Gly1420Val) - exon 9 and 58, respectively. Age-compatible hearing loss in the mother, and mild-to-moderate hearing loss in the father F2 - proband with high myopia, Pierre Robin sequence, and profound hearing loss, similarly affected sibling. Comp het for COL11A1 c.1421dupC, p.Gly475Argfs*9 in exon 13 and c.991-24A>G in intron 8 - creating an alternative exon 9 acceptor splice site. F3 - girl with hearing loss diagnosed at 5 weeks, and retinal dystrophy noted at 2 yrs, also had clinical joint laxity. Parents unaffected, no hearing loss. Comp het c.2607A>G, p.Ala869Ala (shown to affect splicing) and c.5398G>T, p.Gly1800Cys. PMID: 23026214 Alzahrani et al., 2012 6yo patient with homozygous exon 9 c.1191delT, p.(Asn398Metfs*19) variant in COL11A1; phenotype: unilateral retinal detachment, SNHL, cleft palate, flat midface, micrognathia. Parents unaffected, only mild myopia seen in the father. PMID: 21035103 Tompson et al., 2010 2 individuals with Fibrochondrogenesis (severe skeletal dysplasia). Family 1 - proband of European descent, comp het for COL11A1 variants c.1786dupG, (p.Ala596GlyfsX8), and c.3124G>A, (p.Gly1042Arg); presented with skeletal dysplasia (no note of hearing assessment); mother had myopia and normal hearing, father had hearing loss and wore glasses since childhood. Family 2 - male proband (European and African American descent) comp het for COL11A1 c.2386G>C (p.Gly796Arg) and c.3943G>T, (p.Gly1315X) variants; he has fibrochondrogenesis, mild-moderate hearing loss, high myopia and left cataract. Father had mild hearing loss, mother - mild myopia (normal hearing), otherwise asymptomatic. Authors pose that LOF variants lead to dominant hearing loss. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retinal disorders v9.4 | COL11A1 | Ida Ertmanska changed review comment from: Comment on mode of inheritance: While heterozygous LOF variants in COL11A1 are known to cause dominant Stickler syndrome, there are also more than 3 unrelated cases reported with biallelic COL11A1 variants and Stickler syndrome with more severe presentation. Variabel reported ocular features included retinal atrophy, retinal tears, high myopia, unilateral retinal detachment, hypermetropia, and cataract. These cases did not present with skeletal dysplasia, as they had variants in alternatively spliced exon 9 on one or both alleles (exon 9 is not expressed in mature chondrocytes). Heterozygous parents of these individuals were either asymptomatic, or had mild myopia / mild hearing loss. Hence, the MOI should be changed from MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown to BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal.; to: Comment on mode of inheritance: While heterozygous LOF variants in COL11A1 are known to cause dominant Stickler syndrome / Marshall syndrome / isolated hearing loss, there are also more than 3 unrelated cases reported with biallelic COL11A1 variants and Stickler syndrome with more severe presentation. Variable reported ocular features included retinal atrophy, retinal tears, high myopia, unilateral retinal detachment, hypermetropia, and cataract. These cases did not present with skeletal dysplasia, as they had variants in alternatively spliced exon 9 on one or both alleles (exon 9 is not expressed in mature chondrocytes). Heterozygous parents of these individuals were either asymptomatic, or had mild myopia / mild hearing loss. Hence, the MOI should be changed from MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown to BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retinal disorders v9.3 | COL11A1 | Ida Ertmanska changed review comment from: Comment on mode of inheritance: While heterozygous LOF variants in COL11A1 are known to cause dominant Stickler syndrome, there are also more than 3 unrelated cases reported with biallelic COL11A1 variants and Stickler syndrome with more severe presentation. Variabel reported ocular features included retinal atrophy, retinal tears, high myopia, unilateral retinal detachment, hypermetropia, and cataract. These cases did not present with skeletal dysplasia, as they had variants in alternatively spliced exon 9 on one or both alleles (exon 9 is not expressed in mature chondrocytes). Heterozygous parents of these individuals were either asymptomatic, or had mild myopia / mild hearing loss. Hence, the MOI should be changed from MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown to BOTH monoallelic and biallelic (but BIALLELIC mutations cause a more SEVERE disease form), autosomal or pseudoautosomal.; to: Comment on mode of inheritance: While heterozygous LOF variants in COL11A1 are known to cause dominant Stickler syndrome, there are also more than 3 unrelated cases reported with biallelic COL11A1 variants and Stickler syndrome with more severe presentation. Variabel reported ocular features included retinal atrophy, retinal tears, high myopia, unilateral retinal detachment, hypermetropia, and cataract. These cases did not present with skeletal dysplasia, as they had variants in alternatively spliced exon 9 on one or both alleles (exon 9 is not expressed in mature chondrocytes). Heterozygous parents of these individuals were either asymptomatic, or had mild myopia / mild hearing loss. Hence, the MOI should be changed from MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown to BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retinal disorders v9.3 | COL11A1 | Ida Ertmanska commented on gene: COL11A1: Comment on mode of inheritance: While heterozygous LOF variants in COL11A1 are known to cause dominant Stickler syndrome, there are also more than 3 unrelated cases reported with biallelic COL11A1 variants and Stickler syndrome with more severe presentation. Variabel reported ocular features included retinal atrophy, retinal tears, high myopia, unilateral retinal detachment, hypermetropia, and cataract. These cases did not present with skeletal dysplasia, as they had variants in alternatively spliced exon 9 on one or both alleles (exon 9 is not expressed in mature chondrocytes). Heterozygous parents of these individuals were either asymptomatic, or had mild myopia / mild hearing loss. Hence, the MOI should be changed from MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown to BOTH monoallelic and biallelic (but BIALLELIC mutations cause a more SEVERE disease form), autosomal or pseudoautosomal. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retinal disorders v9.3 | LOXL3 |
Ida Ertmanska changed review comment from: PMID: 41052910 Sanchez et al., 2026 3 sisters with biallelic LOXL3 variants and Stickler Syndrome. Comp het for c.1735C>T, p.Arg579* and c.956G>A, p.Arg319Gln in LOXL3 - targeted NGS panel. Parents are healthy carriers of one LOXL3 variant each. Shared phenotype: skeletal anomalies in feet and hands, cleft palate, high myopia, bilateral conductive hearing loss (2/3). PMID: 38957076 Klejnotowska et al., 2024 4yo boy with reduced visual acuity 6/30 in both eyes, bilateral vitreous syneresis, foveal hypoplasia and bilateral high myopia (-8.50D). A skeletal survey showed mild spondylo-epi-metaphyseal dysplasia. Normal hearing. WES revealed a homozygous LOXL3 variant c.1448_1449del, p.(Thr483Argfs*13), inherited through paternal UPiD of chromosome 2. PMID: 36917121 Jiang et al., 2023 9 unrelated Chinese patients with LOXL3 variants and early-onset extreme high myopia - main and consistent feature across the cohort. No significant skeletal abnormalities, midface development, palate malformation was observed in these nine patients; auditory assessment normal where available. Authors hypothesise that biallelic missense variants result in Stickler syndrome, while truncating variants yield isolated high myopia - this is not very consistent, though. PMID: 30362103 Chan et al., 2019 Report of a child and his father who had clinical features consistent with Stickler syndrome and found to have a homozygous novel mutation c.1036C>T (p.Arg346Trp) in LOXL3. Clinical features: high myopia, short stature, retinal changes, high-arched palate (son only). No hearing loss. PMID: 25663169 Alzahrani et al., 2015 Saudi family with AR Stickler syndrome. Parents are second cousins. Index patient: 16yo boy with cleft palate, micro/retrognathia, non-progressive myopia (-10.00 D) with chorioretinal lattice degeneration, mild conductive hearing loss. 8yo sister has similar presentation, with myopia of -13.00 D and normal hearing. Both had normal development. Homozygous LOXL3 c.2027G>T, p.Cys676Phe detected in the sibs (exome seq + autozygosity filtering). Functional evidence: PMID: 36610533 Liu et al., 2023 - a mouse model of Stickler syndrome was made by inducing a LOXL3 mutation (c.2027G>A, p.Cys676Tyr) using CRISPR/Cas9. The Loxl3 mutant mice exhibited perinatal death, spinal deformity, cleft palate, skeletal dysplasia and progressive visual degeneration. Sources: Literature; to: PMID: 41052910 Sanchez et al., 2026 3 sisters with biallelic LOXL3 variants and Stickler Syndrome. Comp het for c.1735C>T, p.Arg579* and c.956G>A, p.Arg319Gln in LOXL3 - targeted NGS panel. Parents are healthy carriers of one LOXL3 variant each. Shared phenotype: skeletal anomalies in feet and hands, cleft palate, high myopia, bilateral conductive hearing loss (2/3). PMID: 38957076 Klejnotowska et al., 2024 4yo boy with reduced visual acuity 6/30 in both eyes, bilateral vitreous syneresis, foveal hypoplasia and bilateral high myopia (-8.50D). A skeletal survey showed mild spondylo-epi-metaphyseal dysplasia. Normal hearing. WES revealed a homozygous LOXL3 variant c.1448_1449del, p.(Thr483Argfs*13), inherited through paternal UPiD of chromosome 2. PMID: 36917121 Jiang et al., 2023 9 unrelated Chinese patients with LOXL3 variants and early-onset extreme high myopia - main and consistent feature across the cohort. No significant skeletal abnormalities, midface development, palate malformation was observed in these nine patients; auditory assessment normal where available. Authors hypothesise that biallelic missense variants result in Stickler syndrome, while truncating variants yield isolated high myopia - this is not very consistent, though. PMID: 30362103 Chan et al., 2019 Report of a child and his father who had clinical features consistent with Stickler syndrome and found to have a homozygous novel mutation c.1036C>T (p.Arg346Trp) in LOXL3. Clinical features: high myopia, short stature, retinal changes, high-arched palate (son only). No hearing loss. On fundus examination, the father had myopic fundi and peripheral retinal degeneration - seen at age 40 years. The son, age 11 years, had vitreous degeneration/detachment in both eyes. PMID: 25663169 Alzahrani et al., 2015 Saudi family with AR Stickler syndrome. Parents are second cousins. Index patient: 16yo boy with cleft palate, micro/retrognathia, non-progressive myopia (-10.00 D) with chorioretinal lattice degeneration, mild conductive hearing loss. 8yo sister has similar presentation, with myopia of -13.00 D and normal hearing. Both had normal development. Homozygous LOXL3 c.2027G>T, p.Cys676Phe detected in the sibs (exome seq + autozygosity filtering). Functional evidence: PMID: 36610533 Liu et al., 2023 - a mouse model of Stickler syndrome was made by inducing a LOXL3 mutation (c.2027G>A, p.Cys676Tyr) using CRISPR/Cas9. The Loxl3 mutant mice exhibited perinatal death, spinal deformity, cleft palate, skeletal dysplasia and progressive visual degeneration. Sources: Literature |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retinal disorders v8.82 | PAK2 |
Arina Puzriakova changed review comment from: Schnur et al. 2024 (PMID: 38894571) report a de novo heterozygous PAK2 variant c.1217C>T, p.(Thr406Met) in a newborn with clinical manifestations of Knobloch syndrome including congenital heart defects, atretic parietal meningocele, and rapidly progressive retinopathy. In vitro experiments indicated that this and another reported variant, p.(Asp425Asn), result in substantially impaired protein kinase activity. Werren et al. 2025 (PMID: 39876536) report a male infant with a de novo heterozygous PAK2 variant c.1273G>A, p.(Asp425Asn) identified by WGS. Clinical features include GDD, congenital retinal detachment, mild cerebral ventriculomegaly, hypotonia, failure to thrive, pyloric stenosis, feeding intolerance, patent ductus arteriosus, and mild facial dysmorphism. The p.(Asp425Asn) variant resides within the protein kinase domain and was predicted functionally damaging by in silico tools. Further functional studies were not performed. Domenach et al. 2025 (PMID: 39994693) identified a novel de novo PAK2 missense variant in the kinase domain, c.836A>C, p.(Gln279Pro), by prenatal trio exome sequencing in a 24 weeks of gestation fetus whose only identifiable sign was severe bilateral pleural effusion. Lodha et al. 2025 (PMID: 40262506) revealed a PAK2 c.1115A>T, p.(Asp372Val) variant in a neonate with bilateral pleural effusion, suggestive of chylothorax on prenatal imaging, and respiratory distress, purpura fulminans and retinal detachment after birth. Shen et al. 2025 (PMID: 40247748) reported a Chinese family with a proband who primarily presented with epilepsy and developmental delay without the characteristic ocular and structural malformations that define Knobloch syndrome. WES and Sanger validation identified a de novo heterozygous PAK2 variant c.1049G>A, p.(Arg350Lys) located in the kinase domain. In vitro studies demonstrated the variant may lead to reduced protein levels and decreased PAK2 phosphorylation.; to: Schnur et al. 2024 (PMID: 38894571) report a de novo heterozygous PAK2 variant c.1217C>T, p.(Thr406Met) in a newborn with clinical manifestations of Knobloch syndrome including congenital heart defects, atretic parietal meningocele, and rapidly progressive retinopathy. In vitro experiments indicated that this and another reported variant, p.(Asp425Asn), result in substantially impaired protein kinase activity. Werren et al. 2025 (PMID: 39876536) report a male infant with a de novo heterozygous PAK2 variant c.1273G>A, p.(Asp425Asn) identified by WGS. Clinical features include GDD, congenital retinal detachment, mild cerebral ventriculomegaly, hypotonia, failure to thrive, pyloric stenosis, feeding intolerance, patent ductus arteriosus, and mild facial dysmorphism. The p.(Asp425Asn) variant resides within the protein kinase domain and was predicted functionally damaging by in silico tools. Further functional studies were not performed. Lodha et al. 2025 (PMID: 40262506) revealed a PAK2 c.1115A>T, p.(Asp372Val) variant in a neonate with bilateral pleural effusion, suggestive of chylothorax on prenatal imaging, and respiratory distress, purpura fulminans and retinal detachment after birth. Other PAK2 cases not reporting ocular abnormalities: Domenach et al. 2025 (PMID: 39994693) identified a novel de novo PAK2 missense variant in the kinase domain, c.836A>C, p.(Gln279Pro), by prenatal trio exome sequencing in a 24 weeks of gestation fetus whose only identifiable sign was severe bilateral pleural effusion. Shen et al. 2025 (PMID: 40247748) reported a Chinese family with a proband who primarily presented with epilepsy and developmental delay without the characteristic ocular and structural malformations that define Knobloch syndrome. WES and Sanger validation identified a de novo heterozygous PAK2 variant c.1049G>A, p.(Arg350Lys) located in the kinase domain. In vitro studies demonstrated the variant may lead to reduced protein levels and decreased PAK2 phosphorylation. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retinal disorders v8.82 | PAK2 | Arina Puzriakova Added comment: Comment on list classification: There is sufficient evidence to promote this gene to Green at the next GMS panel update - at least 4 unrelated individuals reported in literature with retinal detachment associated with PAK2‐related Knobloch syndrome. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retinal disorders v8.80 | PAK2 |
Arina Puzriakova edited their review of gene: PAK2: Added comment: Schnur et al. 2024 (PMID: 38894571) report a de novo heterozygous PAK2 variant c.1217C>T, p.(Thr406Met) in a newborn with clinical manifestations of Knobloch syndrome including congenital heart defects, atretic parietal meningocele, and rapidly progressive retinopathy. In vitro experiments indicated that this and another reported variant, p.(Asp425Asn), result in substantially impaired protein kinase activity. Werren et al. 2025 (PMID: 39876536) report a male infant with a de novo heterozygous PAK2 variant c.1273G>A, p.(Asp425Asn) identified by WGS. Clinical features include GDD, congenital retinal detachment, mild cerebral ventriculomegaly, hypotonia, failure to thrive, pyloric stenosis, feeding intolerance, patent ductus arteriosus, and mild facial dysmorphism. The p.(Asp425Asn) variant resides within the protein kinase domain and was predicted functionally damaging by in silico tools. Further functional studies were not performed. Domenach et al. 2025 (PMID: 39994693) identified a novel de novo PAK2 missense variant in the kinase domain, c.836A>C, p.(Gln279Pro), by prenatal trio exome sequencing in a 24 weeks of gestation fetus whose only identifiable sign was severe bilateral pleural effusion. Lodha et al. 2025 (PMID: 40262506) revealed a PAK2 c.1115A>T, p.(Asp372Val) variant in a neonate with bilateral pleural effusion, suggestive of chylothorax on prenatal imaging, and respiratory distress, purpura fulminans and retinal detachment after birth. Shen et al. 2025 (PMID: 40247748) reported a Chinese family with a proband who primarily presented with epilepsy and developmental delay without the characteristic ocular and structural malformations that define Knobloch syndrome. WES and Sanger validation identified a de novo heterozygous PAK2 variant c.1049G>A, p.(Arg350Lys) located in the kinase domain. In vitro studies demonstrated the variant may lead to reduced protein levels and decreased PAK2 phosphorylation.; Changed rating: GREEN; Changed publications to: 33693784, 38894571, 39876536, 39994693, 40262506, 40247748; Changed phenotypes to: Knobloch 2 syndrome, OMIM:618458 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retinal disorders v3.8 | COL2A1 | Achchuthan Shanmugasundram changed review comment from: There is sufficient evidence linking COL2A1 with retinal disorders (retinal thinning, lattice retinopathy, retinal detachment, vitreoretinal degeneration, blindness etc). However, these phenotypes overlap with that of Stickler syndrome and this gene is green on Stickler syndrome panel. It has previously been decided (2019) in consultation with Gavin Arno (UCL Institute of Ophthalmology/Moorfields Eye Hospital) that this gene can stay red in this panel. Given this gene has recently been proposed for this panel by an expert, I am recommending that the Test Evaluation Working Group review and define the panel scope, and reach consensus as to whether this gene is appropriate for inclusion.; to: There is sufficient evidence linking COL2A1 with retinal disorders (retinal thinning, lattice retinopathy, retinal detachment, vitreoretinal degeneration, blindness etc). However, these phenotypes overlap with that of Stickler syndrome and this gene is green on Stickler syndrome panel (https://panelapp.genomicsengland.co.uk/panels/3/gene/COL2A1/). It has previously been decided (2019) in consultation with Gavin Arno (UCL Institute of Ophthalmology/Moorfields Eye Hospital) that this gene can stay red in this panel. Given this gene has recently been proposed for this panel by an expert, I am recommending that the Test Evaluation Working Group review and define the panel scope, and reach consensus as to whether this gene is appropriate for inclusion. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retinal disorders v3.6 | POMGNT1 | Eleanor Williams reviewed gene: POMGNT1: Rating: ; Mode of pathogenicity: ; Publications: ; Phenotypes: non-syndromic Retinitis Pigmentosa, Walker Warburg syndrome, Muscle-eye-brain disease, dystroglycanopathy, retinal detachment; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retinal disorders v3.6 | COL11A1 | Eleanor Williams reviewed gene: COL11A1: Rating: ; Mode of pathogenicity: ; Publications: ; Phenotypes: Stickler syndrome, Marshall syndrome,, beaded vitreous, early onset hearing loss, retinal detachment; Mode of inheritance: MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retinal disorders v3.6 | COL9A3 | Eleanor Williams reviewed gene: COL9A3: Rating: ; Mode of pathogenicity: ; Publications: ; Phenotypes: stickler syndrome, retinal degeneration, retinal detachment; Mode of inheritance: BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retinal disorders v3.6 | COL9A2 | Eleanor Williams reviewed gene: COL9A2: Rating: ; Mode of pathogenicity: ; Publications: ; Phenotypes: Stickler Syndrome, high myopia, retinal detachment,; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retinal disorders v3.6 | COL9A1 | Eleanor Williams reviewed gene: COL9A1: Rating: ; Mode of pathogenicity: ; Publications: ; Phenotypes: Stickler Syndrome, high myopia, retinal detachment, sensorineural hearing loss; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retinal disorders v3.6 | COL2A1 | Eleanor Williams reviewed gene: COL2A1: Rating: ; Mode of pathogenicity: ; Publications: ; Phenotypes: retinal detachment, Stickler syndrome, cleft palate, hearing impairment, cataract,; Mode of inheritance: MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retinal disorders v2.278 | POMT1 | Ivone Leong Phenotypes for gene: POMT1 were changed from retinal detachment to muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy (congenital with brain and eye anomalies), type A1, MONDO:0009364; muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy (congenital with intellectual disability), type B1, MONDO:0013159 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retinal disorders v2.276 | COL2A1 | Robert Henderson reviewed gene: COL2A1: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: PMID: 32867104, 9091360, 30130436; Phenotypes: Stickler syndrome, retinal detachment, cortical cataract, congenital myopia, vitreous abnormalities; Mode of inheritance: MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retinal disorders v2.274 | POMT1 |
Robert Henderson gene: POMT1 was added gene: POMT1 was added to Retinal disorders. Sources: Expert list Mode of inheritance for gene: POMT1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted Publications for gene: POMT1 were set to PMID:16575835; 31311558; 16887026 Phenotypes for gene: POMT1 were set to retinal detachment Penetrance for gene: POMT1 were set to unknown Review for gene: POMT1 was set to GREEN Added comment: This is currently included on numerous panels but not on the retina/posterior segment panel. It would merit inclusion on an inherited vitreoretinopathy slice. Sources: Expert list |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retinal disorders v2.241 | PAK2 |
Arina Puzriakova gene: PAK2 was added gene: PAK2 was added to Retinal disorders. Sources: Literature Mode of inheritance for gene: PAK2 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted Publications for gene: PAK2 were set to 33693784 Phenotypes for gene: PAK2 were set to Knobloch 2 syndrome Review for gene: PAK2 was set to RED Added comment: Antonarakis et al., 2021 (PMID: 33693784) reported two affected siblings from a non-consanguineous New Zealand family. Both had retinal detachment and interstitial parenchymal pulmonary changes on chest X-rays, but only one child had additional significant features such as cataract, posterior encephalocele, severe DD/ID with ASD, and epilepsy. WES revealed a heterozygous PAK2 variant (c.1303 G>A, p.Glu435Lys) in both individuals that apparently occurred de novo indicating parental germ-line mosaicism; however, mosaicism could not be detected by deep sequencing of blood parental DNA. Functional studies showed that the variant, located in the kinase domain, results in a partial loss of the kinase activity. Sources: Literature |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retinal disorders v1.159 | CHM | Gavin Arno reviewed gene: CHM: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: ; Publications: ; Phenotypes: ; Mode of inheritance: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retinal disorders v1.137 | CHM |
Ivone Leong Source NHS GMS was added to CHM. Rating Changed from Green List (high evidence) to Green List (high evidence) |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retinal disorders | CHM | Ellen McDonagh edited their review of CHM | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||