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21 Oct 2025	Proteinuric renal disease v5.5	CD2AP	Ida Ertmanska changed review comment from: Biallelic cases: Two articles reviewed previously by Eleanor Williams report 2 unrelated cases with homozygous nonsense variants in CD2AP and Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (PMID:17713465 - Löwik et al 2007 & PMID: 30612599 - Takano et al 2019). Extra case reports: PMID: 30348286 Gribouval O, et al., 2018, Male individual homozygous for NM_012120.3 (CD2AP):c.634C>T (p.Arg212Ter) Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis - age of onset 24yo; eGFR at onset: 12 Albuminemia g/l: 28 Proteinuria g/g: 3.6; End stage renal disease at 25yo. Method: NGS panel of 35 genes. PMID: 36964972 Gorukmez O, et al., 2023 23 year old male with a homozygous variant in CD2AP who presented with nephropathy. Variant: NM_012120.3 (CD2AP):c.1742del (p.Asn581IlefsTer17). Method: clinical WES. Monoallelic cases: PMID: 12764198 Kim et al 2003 Screened 30 African-Americans with idiopathic FSGS and 15 African-Americans with HIV-associated FSGS for changes in CD2AP. Variant c.730-1_730delinsCT was found in 2 patients with primary FSGS; CD2AP protein levels were lower in these patients. Variant not present in gnomAD v4. CD2AP+/- mice showed glomerular abnormalities at 9 months of age but not proteinuria. PMID: 19131354 Gigante et al., 2009 3 unrelated Italian patients with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, heterozygous for one mutation each: c.902A>T, (p.Lys301Met) - total AF in gnomAD v.4 = 0.0001904 including 5 homozygotes; not likely to be disease causing. c.1120A>G, (p.Thr374Ala) - total AF in gnomAD v.4 = 0.005488 including 48 homozygotes; not likely to be disease causing. c.1569AGA[2] (p.Glu525del) - total AF in gnomD v.4 = 0.0003639, no homozygotes reported. PMID: 25501161 Feng et al., 2014 Patient 2- presented nephrotic syndrome at 8yo - steroid resistant. Renal biopsy showed MCNS; heterozygous for a CD2AP mutation, IVS7-135G>A (intron 7). Patient 25 - FSGS onset at 4.5yrs - steroid resistant; went into remission after receiving cyclosporin A. Het for IVS13-137G>A (intron 13). Method: sequenced NPHS1, NPHS2, CD2AP, and WT1 only. PMID: 26997877 Tsvetkov et al., 2016 Male patient, German ancestry, presented with a nephrotic syndrome (proteinuria >3.5 g/day) at 28yo; kidney biopsy confirmed FSGS diagnosis; heterozygous for c.1120A>G, p.(Thr374Ala) in CD2AP - variant too common in population to cause disease. Mother and brother also have kidney disease, not genotyped. Seq method: sequencing of exons only of the following genes: TRPC6, ACTN4, WT1, CD2AP, and INF2. PMID: 34408996 Liu et al., 2021 Chinese family of four generations with unexplained proteinuria. The proband IV-1, a 12-year-old boy, had steroid resistant high proteinuria (2+). He was reported as heterozygous for c.1734_1735insG, p.Lys579Glufs7 in CD2AP - AF in gnomAD v4: 6.198e-7. Seq method: WES. Variant shown to segregate with disease in this family. 10 other possibly pathogenic variants detected but not associated with kidney disease. CD2AP is classified Definitive for AR 'focal segmental glomerulosclerosis 3, susceptibility to', and Moderate for AD 'inherited focal segmental glomerulosclerosis' in ClinGen (curated by the Glomerulopathy Gene Curation Expert Panel in 2024). This gene is associated with Glomerulosclerosis, focal segmental, 3, 607832 in OMIM (accessed 20th Oct 2025) - no mode of inheritance listed. ; to: Biallelic cases: Two articles reviewed previously by Eleanor Williams report 2 unrelated cases with homozygous nonsense variants in CD2AP and Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (PMID:17713465 - Löwik et al 2007 & PMID: 30612599 - Takano et al 2019). Extra case reports: PMID: 30348286 Gribouval O, et al., 2018, Male individual homozygous for NM_012120.3 (CD2AP):c.634C>T (p.Arg212Ter) Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis - age of onset 24yo; eGFR at onset: 12 Albuminemia g/l: 28 Proteinuria g/g: 3.6; End stage renal disease at 25yo. Method: NGS panel of 35 genes. PMID: 36964972 Gorukmez O, et al., 2023 23 year old male with a homozygous variant in CD2AP who presented with nephropathy. Variant: NM_012120.3 (CD2AP):c.1742del (p.Asn581IlefsTer17). Method: clinical WES. Monoallelic cases: PMID: 12764198 Kim et al 2003 Screened 30 African-Americans with idiopathic FSGS and 15 African-Americans with HIV-associated FSGS for changes in CD2AP. PCR sequencing of CD2AP only. Variant c.730-1_730delinsCT was found in 2 patients with primary FSGS; CD2AP protein levels were lower in these patients. Variant not present in gnomAD v4. CD2AP+/- mice showed glomerular abnormalities at 9 months of age but not proteinuria. PMID: 19131354 Gigante et al., 2009 3 unrelated Italian patients with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, heterozygous for one mutation each: c.902A>T, (p.Lys301Met) - total AF in gnomAD v.4 = 0.0001904 including 5 homozygotes; not likely to be disease causing. c.1120A>G, (p.Thr374Ala) - total AF in gnomAD v.4 = 0.005488 including 48 homozygotes; not likely to be disease causing. c.1569AGA[2] (p.Glu525del) - total AF in gnomD v.4 = 0.0003639, no homozygotes reported. PMID: 25501161 Feng et al., 2014 Patient 2- presented nephrotic syndrome at 8yo - steroid resistant. Renal biopsy showed MCNS; heterozygous for a CD2AP mutation, IVS7-135G>A (intron 7). Patient 25 - FSGS onset at 4.5yrs - steroid resistant; went into remission after receiving cyclosporin A. Het for IVS13-137G>A (intron 13). Method: sequenced NPHS1, NPHS2, CD2AP, and WT1 only. PMID: 26997877 Tsvetkov et al., 2016 Male patient, German ancestry, presented with a nephrotic syndrome (proteinuria >3.5 g/day) at 28yo; kidney biopsy confirmed FSGS diagnosis; heterozygous for c.1120A>G, p.(Thr374Ala) in CD2AP - variant too common in population to cause disease. Mother and brother also have kidney disease, not genotyped. Seq method: sequencing of exons only of the following genes: TRPC6, ACTN4, WT1, CD2AP, and INF2. PMID: 34408996 Liu et al., 2021 Chinese family of four generations with unexplained proteinuria. The proband IV-1, a 12-year-old boy, had steroid resistant high proteinuria (2+). He was reported as heterozygous for c.1734_1735insG, p.Lys579Glufs7 in CD2AP - AF in gnomAD v4: 6.198e-7. Seq method: WES. Variant shown to segregate with disease in this family. 10 other possibly pathogenic variants detected but not associated with kidney disease. CD2AP is classified Definitive for AR 'focal segmental glomerulosclerosis 3, susceptibility to', and Moderate for AD 'inherited focal segmental glomerulosclerosis' in ClinGen (curated by the Glomerulopathy Gene Curation Expert Panel in 2024). This gene is associated with Glomerulosclerosis, focal segmental, 3, 607832 in OMIM (accessed 20th Oct 2025) - no mode of inheritance listed.
21 Oct 2025	Proteinuric renal disease v5.5	CD2AP	Ida Ertmanska changed review comment from: Biallelic cases: Two articles reviewed previously by Eleanor Williams report 2 unrelated cases with homozygous nonsense variants in CD2AP and Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (PMID:17713465 - Löwik et al 2007 & PMID: 30612599 - Takano et al 2019). Extra case reports: PMID: 30348286 Gribouval O, et al., 2018, Male individual homozygous for NM_012120.3 (CD2AP):c.634C>T (p.Arg212Ter) Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis - age of onset 24yo; eGFR at onset: 12 Albuminemia g/l: 28 Proteinuria g/g: 3.6; End stage renal disease at 25yo. Method: NGS panel of 35 genes. PMID: 36964972 Gorukmez O, et al., 2023 23 year old male with a homozygous variant in CD2AP who presented with nephropathy. Variant: NM_012120.3 (CD2AP):c.1742del (p.Asn581IlefsTer17). Method: clinical WES. Monoallelic cases: PMID: 12764198 Kim et al 2003 Screened 30 African-Americans with idiopathic FSGS and 15 African-Americans with HIV-associated FSGS for changes in CD2AP. Variant c.730-1_730delinsCT was found in 2 patients with primary FSGS; CD2AP protein levels were lower in these patients. Variant not present in gnomAD v4. CD2AP+/- mice showed glomerular abnormalities at 9 months of age but not proteinuria. PMID: 19131354 Gigante et al., 2009 3 unrelated Italian patients with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, heterozygous for one mutation each: c.902A>T, (p.Lys301Met) - total AF in gnomAD v.4 = 0.0001904 including 5 homozygotes; c.1120A>G, (p.Thr374Ala) - total AF in gnomAD v.4 = 0.005488 including 48 homozygotes; c.1569AGA[2] (p.Glu525del) - total AF in gnomD v.4 = 0.0003639, no homozygotes reported. PMID: 25501161 Feng et al., 2014 Patient 2- presented nephrotic syndrome at 8yo - steroid resistant. Renal biopsy showed MCNS; heterozygous for a CD2AP mutation, IVS7-135G>A (intron 7). Patient 25 - FSGS onset at 4.5yrs - steroid resistant; went into remission after receiving cyclosporin A. Het for IVS13-137G>A (intron 13). Method: sequenced NPHS1, NPHS2, CD2AP, and WT1 only. PMID: 26997877 Tsvetkov et al., 2016 Male patient, German ancestry, presented with a nephrotic syndrome (proteinuria >3.5 g/day) at 28yo; kidney biopsy confirmed FSGS diagnosis; heterozygous for c.1120A>G, p.(Thr374Ala) in CD2AP - variant too common in population to cause disease. Mother and brother also have kidney disease, not genotyped. Seq method: sequencing of exons only of the following genes: TRPC6, ACTN4, WT1, CD2AP, and INF2. PMID: 34408996 Liu et al., 2021 Chinese family of four generations with unexplained proteinuria. The proband IV-1, a 12-year-old boy, had steroid resistant high proteinuria (2+). He was reported as heterozygous for c.1734_1735insG, p.Lys579Glufs7 in CD2AP - AF in gnomAD v4: 6.198e-7. Seq method: WES. Variant shown to segregate with disease in this family. 10 other possibly pathogenic variants detected but not associated with kidney disease. CD2AP is classified Definitive for AR 'focal segmental glomerulosclerosis 3, susceptibility to', and Moderate for AD 'inherited focal segmental glomerulosclerosis' in ClinGen (curated by the Glomerulopathy Gene Curation Expert Panel in 2024). This gene is associated with Glomerulosclerosis, focal segmental, 3, 607832 in OMIM (accessed 20th Oct 2025) - no mode of inheritance listed. ; to: Biallelic cases: Two articles reviewed previously by Eleanor Williams report 2 unrelated cases with homozygous nonsense variants in CD2AP and Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (PMID:17713465 - Löwik et al 2007 & PMID: 30612599 - Takano et al 2019). Extra case reports: PMID: 30348286 Gribouval O, et al., 2018, Male individual homozygous for NM_012120.3 (CD2AP):c.634C>T (p.Arg212Ter) Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis - age of onset 24yo; eGFR at onset: 12 Albuminemia g/l: 28 Proteinuria g/g: 3.6; End stage renal disease at 25yo. Method: NGS panel of 35 genes. PMID: 36964972 Gorukmez O, et al., 2023 23 year old male with a homozygous variant in CD2AP who presented with nephropathy. Variant: NM_012120.3 (CD2AP):c.1742del (p.Asn581IlefsTer17). Method: clinical WES. Monoallelic cases: PMID: 12764198 Kim et al 2003 Screened 30 African-Americans with idiopathic FSGS and 15 African-Americans with HIV-associated FSGS for changes in CD2AP. Variant c.730-1_730delinsCT was found in 2 patients with primary FSGS; CD2AP protein levels were lower in these patients. Variant not present in gnomAD v4. CD2AP+/- mice showed glomerular abnormalities at 9 months of age but not proteinuria. PMID: 19131354 Gigante et al., 2009 3 unrelated Italian patients with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, heterozygous for one mutation each: c.902A>T, (p.Lys301Met) - total AF in gnomAD v.4 = 0.0001904 including 5 homozygotes; not likely to be disease causing. c.1120A>G, (p.Thr374Ala) - total AF in gnomAD v.4 = 0.005488 including 48 homozygotes; not likely to be disease causing. c.1569AGA[2] (p.Glu525del) - total AF in gnomD v.4 = 0.0003639, no homozygotes reported. PMID: 25501161 Feng et al., 2014 Patient 2- presented nephrotic syndrome at 8yo - steroid resistant. Renal biopsy showed MCNS; heterozygous for a CD2AP mutation, IVS7-135G>A (intron 7). Patient 25 - FSGS onset at 4.5yrs - steroid resistant; went into remission after receiving cyclosporin A. Het for IVS13-137G>A (intron 13). Method: sequenced NPHS1, NPHS2, CD2AP, and WT1 only. PMID: 26997877 Tsvetkov et al., 2016 Male patient, German ancestry, presented with a nephrotic syndrome (proteinuria >3.5 g/day) at 28yo; kidney biopsy confirmed FSGS diagnosis; heterozygous for c.1120A>G, p.(Thr374Ala) in CD2AP - variant too common in population to cause disease. Mother and brother also have kidney disease, not genotyped. Seq method: sequencing of exons only of the following genes: TRPC6, ACTN4, WT1, CD2AP, and INF2. PMID: 34408996 Liu et al., 2021 Chinese family of four generations with unexplained proteinuria. The proband IV-1, a 12-year-old boy, had steroid resistant high proteinuria (2+). He was reported as heterozygous for c.1734_1735insG, p.Lys579Glufs7 in CD2AP - AF in gnomAD v4: 6.198e-7. Seq method: WES. Variant shown to segregate with disease in this family. 10 other possibly pathogenic variants detected but not associated with kidney disease. CD2AP is classified Definitive for AR 'focal segmental glomerulosclerosis 3, susceptibility to', and Moderate for AD 'inherited focal segmental glomerulosclerosis' in ClinGen (curated by the Glomerulopathy Gene Curation Expert Panel in 2024). This gene is associated with Glomerulosclerosis, focal segmental, 3, 607832 in OMIM (accessed 20th Oct 2025) - no mode of inheritance listed.
21 Oct 2025	Proteinuric renal disease v5.5	CD2AP	Ida Ertmanska changed review comment from: Biallelic cases: Two articles reviewed previously by Eleanor Williams report 2 unrelated cases with homozygous nonsense variants in CD2AP and Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (PMID:17713465 - Löwik et al 2007 & PMID: 30612599 - Takano et al 2019). Extra case reports: PMID: 30348286 Gribouval O, et al., 2018, Male individual homozygous for NM_012120.3 (CD2AP):c.634C>T (p.Arg212Ter) Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis - age of onset 24yo; eGFR at onset: 12 Albuminemia g/l: 28 Proteinuria g/g: 3.6; End stage renal disease at 25yo. Method: NGS panel of 35 genes. PMID: 36964972 Gorukmez O, et al., 2023 23 year old male with a homozygous variant in CD2AP who presented with nephropathy. Variant: NM_012120.3 (CD2AP):c.1742del (p.Asn581IlefsTer17). Method: clinical WES. Monoallelic cases: PMID: 12764198 Kim et al 2003 Screened 30 African-Americans with idiopathic FSGS and 15 African-Americans with HIV-associated FSGS for changes in CD2AP. Variant c.730-1_730delinsCT was found in 2 patients with primary FSGS; CD2AP protein levels were lower in these patients. Variant not present in gnomAD v4. CD2AP+/- mice showed glomerular abnormalities at 9 months of age but not proteinuria. PMID: 19131354 Gigante et al., 2009 3 unrelated Italian patients with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, heterozygous for one mutation each: c.902A>T, (p.Lys301Met) - total AF in gnomAD v.4 = 0.0001904 including 5 homozygotes; c.1120A>G, p.Thr374Ala - total AF in gnomAD v.4 = 0.005488 including 48 homozygotes; c.1569AGA[2] (p.Glu525del) - total AF in gnomD v.4 = 0.0003639, no homozygotes reported. PMID: 26997877 Tsvetkov et al., 2016 Male patient, German ancestry, presented with a nephrotic syndrome (proteinuria >3.5 g/day) at 28yo; kidney biopsy confirmed FSGS diagnosis; heterozygous for c.1120A>G, p.(Thr374Ala) in CD2AP - variant too common in population to cause disease. Mother and brother also have kidney disease, not genotyped. Seq method: sequencing of exons only of the following genes: TRPC6, ACTN4, WT1, CD2AP, and INF2. PMID: 34408996 Liu et al., 2021 Chinese family of four generations with unexplained proteinuria. The proband IV-1, a 12-year-old boy, had steroid resistant high proteinuria (2+). He was reported as heterozygous for c.1734_1735insG, p.Lys579Glufs7 in CD2AP - AF in gnomAD v4: 6.198e-7. Seq method: WES. Variant shown to segregate with disease in this family. 10 other possibly pathogenic variants detected but not associated with kidney disease. CD2AP is classified Definitive for AR 'focal segmental glomerulosclerosis 3, susceptibility to', and Moderate for AD 'inherited focal segmental glomerulosclerosis' in ClinGen (curated by the Glomerulopathy Gene Curation Expert Panel in 2024). This gene is associated with Glomerulosclerosis, focal segmental, 3, 607832 in OMIM (accessed 20th Oct 2025) - no mode of inheritance listed. ; to: Biallelic cases: Two articles reviewed previously by Eleanor Williams report 2 unrelated cases with homozygous nonsense variants in CD2AP and Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (PMID:17713465 - Löwik et al 2007 & PMID: 30612599 - Takano et al 2019). Extra case reports: PMID: 30348286 Gribouval O, et al., 2018, Male individual homozygous for NM_012120.3 (CD2AP):c.634C>T (p.Arg212Ter) Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis - age of onset 24yo; eGFR at onset: 12 Albuminemia g/l: 28 Proteinuria g/g: 3.6; End stage renal disease at 25yo. Method: NGS panel of 35 genes. PMID: 36964972 Gorukmez O, et al., 2023 23 year old male with a homozygous variant in CD2AP who presented with nephropathy. Variant: NM_012120.3 (CD2AP):c.1742del (p.Asn581IlefsTer17). Method: clinical WES. Monoallelic cases: PMID: 12764198 Kim et al 2003 Screened 30 African-Americans with idiopathic FSGS and 15 African-Americans with HIV-associated FSGS for changes in CD2AP. Variant c.730-1_730delinsCT was found in 2 patients with primary FSGS; CD2AP protein levels were lower in these patients. Variant not present in gnomAD v4. CD2AP+/- mice showed glomerular abnormalities at 9 months of age but not proteinuria. PMID: 19131354 Gigante et al., 2009 3 unrelated Italian patients with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, heterozygous for one mutation each: c.902A>T, (p.Lys301Met) - total AF in gnomAD v.4 = 0.0001904 including 5 homozygotes; c.1120A>G, (p.Thr374Ala) - total AF in gnomAD v.4 = 0.005488 including 48 homozygotes; c.1569AGA[2] (p.Glu525del) - total AF in gnomD v.4 = 0.0003639, no homozygotes reported. PMID: 25501161 Feng et al., 2014 Patient 2- presented nephrotic syndrome at 8yo - steroid resistant. Renal biopsy showed MCNS; heterozygous for a CD2AP mutation, IVS7-135G>A (intron 7). Patient 25 - FSGS onset at 4.5yrs - steroid resistant; went into remission after receiving cyclosporin A. Het for IVS13-137G>A (intron 13). Method: sequenced NPHS1, NPHS2, CD2AP, and WT1 only. PMID: 26997877 Tsvetkov et al., 2016 Male patient, German ancestry, presented with a nephrotic syndrome (proteinuria >3.5 g/day) at 28yo; kidney biopsy confirmed FSGS diagnosis; heterozygous for c.1120A>G, p.(Thr374Ala) in CD2AP - variant too common in population to cause disease. Mother and brother also have kidney disease, not genotyped. Seq method: sequencing of exons only of the following genes: TRPC6, ACTN4, WT1, CD2AP, and INF2. PMID: 34408996 Liu et al., 2021 Chinese family of four generations with unexplained proteinuria. The proband IV-1, a 12-year-old boy, had steroid resistant high proteinuria (2+). He was reported as heterozygous for c.1734_1735insG, p.Lys579Glufs7 in CD2AP - AF in gnomAD v4: 6.198e-7. Seq method: WES. Variant shown to segregate with disease in this family. 10 other possibly pathogenic variants detected but not associated with kidney disease. CD2AP is classified Definitive for AR 'focal segmental glomerulosclerosis 3, susceptibility to', and Moderate for AD 'inherited focal segmental glomerulosclerosis' in ClinGen (curated by the Glomerulopathy Gene Curation Expert Panel in 2024). This gene is associated with Glomerulosclerosis, focal segmental, 3, 607832 in OMIM (accessed 20th Oct 2025) - no mode of inheritance listed.
01 Feb 2021	Proteinuric renal disease v2.44	NOS1AP	Zornitza Stark gene: NOS1AP was added gene: NOS1AP was added to Proteinuric renal disease. Sources: Literature Mode of inheritance for gene: NOS1AP was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal Phenotypes for gene: NOS1AP were set to Nephrotic syndrome, type 22, MIM# 619155 Review for gene: NOS1AP was set to GREEN gene: NOS1AP was marked as current diagnostic Added comment: Nephrotic syndrome type 22 (NPHS22) is an autosomal recessive renal disease characterized by onset of progressive kidney dysfunction in infancy. Affected individuals usually present with edema associated with hypoproteinemia, proteinuria, and microscopic hematuria. Renal biopsy shows effacement of the podocyte foot processes, glomerulosclerosis, and thickening of the glomerular basement membrane. The disease is steroid-resistant and progressive, resulting in end-stage renal disease usually necessitating kidney transplant. Two unrelated families and animal model. No PMID yet: https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/7/1/eabe1386 Sources: Literature
09 Dec 2020	Proteinuric renal disease v2.33	DAAM2	Zornitza Stark gene: DAAM2 was added gene: DAAM2 was added to Proteinuric renal disease. Sources: Literature Mode of inheritance for gene: DAAM2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal Publications for gene: DAAM2 were set to 33232676 Phenotypes for gene: DAAM2 were set to Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) Review for gene: DAAM2 was set to GREEN Added comment: - steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis on histologic analysis of kidney biopsies and foot process effacement shown by electron microscopy (authors have suggested the term nephrotic syndrome type 22 (NPHS22)) - 4 unrelated families, 3 of which were consanguineous - 4 unique missense and 1 stop - in vitro studies for the missense variants Sources: Literature
09 Jul 2019	Proteinuric renal disease v1.218	PDSS2	Eleanor Williams edited their review of gene: PDSS2: Added comment: The gene is associated with Coenzyme Q10 deficiency, primary, 3 (#614652) in OMIM and COENZYME Q10 DEFICIENCY, PRIMARY, 3 (confirmed) in Gene2Phenotype. PMID: 29032433 - Iványi et al 2018 - 1 case - male child of healthy, nonconsanguineous Caucasian parents. At 7 months of age he had general edema, muscle hypotonia, mild inspiratory stridor, and global developmental delay. He did not react to auditory stimuli, and they detected no tracking and focusing eye movements. Urinalysis revealed proteinuria. A heterozygous missense mutation in the PDSS2 gene in exon 3 was found (c.485A > G, p.His162Arg) (maternally inherited) along with a heterozygous 2923-bp deletion that affected a part of exon 8 in the PDSS2 gene. The paternal allele is the NM_020381.3:c.1042_1148-2816del, which causes a 107-base long deletion of exon 8. Despite high-dose CoQ10 treatment he died at 8 months of age. PMID: 25349199 - Sadowski et al 2015 - 2 cases with homozygous missense changes in PDSS2 in patients with Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome. They performed exon sequencing of NPHS2 and WT1 for 1783 unrelated, international families with Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) and then examined all patients by microfluidic multiplex PCR and next-generation sequencing for all 27 genes known to cause SRNS if mutated. 2 families were molecularly diagnosed with a causative variant in PDSS2 by multiplex PCR (c.1145C>T,p.Ser382Leu and c.1151C>A, p.Ala384Asp). PMID: 23926186 - Gasser et al 2013 - genotyped 377 patients with primary Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) or collapsing glomerulopathy, together with 900 controls, for 9 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the PDSS2 gene in a case-control study. The nine selected SNPs were distributed at approximately equal distances across the PDSS2 gene. All the SNPs that were genotyped occurred within noncoding regions of the gene. They demonstrated that homozygous genotypes for variant alleles for the PDSS2 gene were more common in FSGS patients than controls and that a single haplotype containing three of these SNPs was more common in European American, but not African American, FSGS patients, suggesting that PDSS2 may be an FSGS susceptibility gene. PMID:17186472 - Lopez et al 2006 - 1 family with child who presented with neonatal pneumonia and hypotonia, developed refractory left-sided seizures with secondary generalization, and became progressively floppy. At age 7 mo, severe episodic vomiting prompted duodenal tube feeding, and was diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome due to low serum albumin and massive proteinuria. They found two nonsynonymous nucleotide changes in PDSS2, each inherited from one parent. Functional tests on cultured patient fibroblast indicate that endogenous levels of decaprenyl diphosphate are reduced. Mouse model: PMID: 18437205 - Peng et al 2008 - Kidney disease in mice with missense Pdss2(kd/kd) genotype can be attributed to a mitochondrial CoQ biosynthetic defect. Levels of CoQ9 and CoQ10 in kidney homogenates from B6.Pdss2(kd/kd) mutants were significantly lower than those in B6 control mice. Disease manifestations originate specifically in glomerular podocytes, as renal disease is seen in Podocin/cre,Pdss2(loxP/loxP) knockout mice but not in conditional knockouts targeted to renal tubular epithelium, monocytes, or hepatocytes. Summary: 4 cases of children with nephrotic syndrome and homozygous or compound heterozygous variants in PDSS2. In two cases the variants are reported to segregate with the disease in the family. Additional evidence from a case control study that PDSS2 is a FSGS susceptibility gene and from a mouse Pdss2 knockout model.; Changed publications: PMID: 23926186
19 Jun 2019	Proteinuric renal disease v1.113	NPHS2	Eleanor Williams Phenotypes for gene: NPHS2 were changed from to Nephrotic syndrome, type 2 #600995
04 Feb 2019	Proteinuric renal disease v1.16	NPHS2	Eleanor Williams reviewed gene: NPHS2: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: ; Publications: ; Phenotypes: Nephrotic syndrome, type 2 #600995; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal; Current diagnostic: yes
04 Feb 2019	Proteinuric renal disease v1.15	NPHS2	Eleanor Williams Source NHS GMS was added to NPHS2. Rating Changed from Green List (high evidence) to Green List (high evidence)