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Differences in sex development v4.27 DMRT1 Ida Ertmanska changed review comment from: PMID: 36110220 Zidoune H, et al., 2022
Large study of developmental disorders cohort from North Africa. See suppl material for case details.
P_73 - 29 days old male, het for de novo variant NM_021951.3(DMRT1):c.149G>C (p.Ser50Thr); phenotype: Genital bud, preputial orifice and perineal orifice, bifid labioscrotal folds, BC, NPG. Patient was also hemizygous for MAMLD1:NM_005491:c.C2075T:p.A692V - MAMLD1 is associated with Hypospadias 2, X-linked, OMIM:300758. Difficult to decouple the effect of each variant.

PMID: 33057194 Kaplanis et al., 2020
Large exome seq study of Developmental Disorders cohort. 2 patients identified with gonadal dysgenesis and DMRT1 variants:
P_19455: het for NM_021951.3(DMRT1):c.673C>A (p.Leu225Ile)
P_24289: het for NM_021951.3(DMRT1):c.962C>A (p.Ala321Glu)
These variants are not reported in gnomAD v4.1.1.

PMID: 31745530 Buonocore et al., 2019
Study of a patient cohort with complete gonadal dysgenesis (CGD) (n = 27) and partially virilized 46,XY DSD (pvDSD) (n = 25).
A patient with CGD and female genital phenotype was heterozygous for variant in DMRT1: c.240G>C, p.Arg80Ser - not reported in gnomAD v4.1.1, inheritance listed as sporadic. Some support for pathogenicity from protein computer modelling.

PMID: 27711951 Chauhan et al., 2017
Study of 10 patients with variable DSD. Method: direct sequencing of SRY, NR5A1, SOX9, DAX1, DHH, DMRT1 genes. One patient with complete gonadal dysgenesis was found to be heterozygous for DMRT1: c.416T>A, p.Leu139Gln.

PMID: 28295047 Fan et al., 2017
P19 - diagnosed with CGD, 46, XY karyotype with normal SRY; harboured het DMRT1 variant c.251A > G, p.Tyr84Cys - maternally inherited, labelled VUS. As DMRT1 is only expressed in male-specific gonads, authors hypothesise the variant would not be expected to cause a phenotype in the mother. This variant has total of 7 hets reported in gnomAD v4.

DMRT1 association with AD "46 XY differences of sex development" has been classified as Definitive in ClinGen (Reproduction and Infertility Expert Panel, 03/18/2026). A separate Definitive association was made between DMRT1 and AD spermatogenic failure. DMRT1 is not yet associated with a disease entity in OMIM (accessed 25th Sept 2026).; to: PMID: 36110220 Zidoune H, et al., 2022
Large study of developmental disorders cohort from North Africa. See suppl material for case details.
P_73 - 29 days old male, het for de novo variant NM_021951.3(DMRT1):c.149G>C (p.Ser50Thr); phenotype: Genital bud, preputial orifice and perineal orifice, bifid labioscrotal folds, BC, NPG. Patient was also hemizygous for MAMLD1:NM_005491:c.C2075T:p.A692V - MAMLD1 is associated with Hypospadias 2, X-linked, OMIM:300758. Difficult to decouple the effect of each variant.

PMID: 31745530 Buonocore et al., 2019
Study of a patient cohort with complete gonadal dysgenesis (CGD) (n = 27) and partially virilized 46,XY DSD (pvDSD) (n = 25).
A patient with CGD and female genital phenotype was heterozygous for variant in DMRT1: c.240G>C, p.Arg80Ser - not reported in gnomAD v4.1.1, inheritance listed as sporadic. Some support for pathogenicity from protein computer modelling.

PMID: 27711951 Chauhan et al., 2017
Study of 10 patients with 46,XY karyotype and variable DSD. Method: direct sequencing of SRY, NR5A1, SOX9, DAX1, DHH, DMRT1 genes. One patient with complete gonadal dysgenesis was found to be heterozygous for DMRT1: c.416T>A, p.Leu139Gln.

PMID: 28295047 Fan et al., 2017
P19 - diagnosed with CGD, 46, XY karyotype with normal SRY; harboured het DMRT1 variant c.251A > G, p.Tyr84Cys - maternally inherited, labelled VUS. As DMRT1 is only expressed in male-specific gonads, authors hypothesise the variant would not be expected to cause a phenotype in the mother. This variant has total of 7 hets reported in gnomAD v4.

DMRT1 association with AD "46 XY differences of sex development" has been classified as Definitive in ClinGen (Reproduction and Infertility Expert Panel, 03/18/2026). A separate Definitive association was made between DMRT1 and AD spermatogenic failure. DMRT1 is not yet associated with a disease entity in OMIM (accessed 25th Sept 2026).
Differences in sex development v4.24 DMRT1 Ida Ertmanska changed review comment from: PMID: 36110220 Zidoune H, et al., 2022
P_73 - 29 days old male, het for de novo variant NM_021951.3(DMRT1):c.149G>C (p.Ser50Thr); phenotype: Genital bud, preputial orifice and perineal orifice, bifid labioscrotal folds, BC, NPG. Patient was also hemizygous for MAMLD1:NM_005491:c.C2075T:p.A692V - MAMLD1 is associated with Hypospadias 2, X-linked, OMIM:300758. Difficult to decouple the effect of each variant.

PMID: 33057194 Kaplanis et al., 2020
Large exome seq study of Developmental Disorders cohort. 2 patients identified with gonadal dysgenesis and DMRT1 variants:
P_19455: het for NM_021951.3(DMRT1):c.673C>A (p.Leu225Ile)
P_24289: het for NM_021951.3(DMRT1):c.962C>A (p.Ala321Glu)
These variants are not reported in gnomAD v4.1.1.

PMID: 31745530 Buonocore et al., 2019
Study of a patient cohort with complete gonadal dysgenesis (CGD) (n = 27) and partially virilized 46,XY DSD (pvDSD) (n = 25).
A patient with CGD and female genital phenotype was heterozygous for variant in DMRT1: c.240G>C, p.Arg80Ser - not reported in gnomAD v4.1.1, inheritance listed as sporadic. Some support for pathogenicity from protein computer modelling.

PMID: 27711951 Chauhan et al., 2017
Study of 10 patients with variable DSD. Method: direct sequencing of SRY, NR5A1, SOX9, DAX1, DHH, DMRT1 genes. One patient with complete gonadal dysgenesis was found to be heterozygous for DMRT1: c.416T>A, p.Leu139Gln.

PMID: 28295047 Fan et al., 2017
P19 - diagnosed with CGD, 46, XY karyotype with normal SRY; harboured het DMRT1 variant c.251A > G, p.Tyr84Cys - maternally inherited, labelled VUS. As DMRT1 is only expressed in male-specific gonads, authors hypothesise the variant would not be expected to cause a phenotype in the mother. This variant has total of 7 hets reported in gnomAD v4.

DMRT1 association with AD "46 XY differences of sex development" has been classified as Definitive in ClinGen (Reproduction and Infertility Expert Panel, 03/18/2026). A separate Definitive association was made between DMRT1 and AD spermatogenic failure. DMRT1 is not yet associated with a disease entity in OMIM (accessed 25th Sept 2026).; to: PMID: 36110220 Zidoune H, et al., 2022
Large study of developmental disorders cohort from North Africa. See suppl material for case details.
P_73 - 29 days old male, het for de novo variant NM_021951.3(DMRT1):c.149G>C (p.Ser50Thr); phenotype: Genital bud, preputial orifice and perineal orifice, bifid labioscrotal folds, BC, NPG. Patient was also hemizygous for MAMLD1:NM_005491:c.C2075T:p.A692V - MAMLD1 is associated with Hypospadias 2, X-linked, OMIM:300758. Difficult to decouple the effect of each variant.

PMID: 33057194 Kaplanis et al., 2020
Large exome seq study of Developmental Disorders cohort. 2 patients identified with gonadal dysgenesis and DMRT1 variants:
P_19455: het for NM_021951.3(DMRT1):c.673C>A (p.Leu225Ile)
P_24289: het for NM_021951.3(DMRT1):c.962C>A (p.Ala321Glu)
These variants are not reported in gnomAD v4.1.1.

PMID: 31745530 Buonocore et al., 2019
Study of a patient cohort with complete gonadal dysgenesis (CGD) (n = 27) and partially virilized 46,XY DSD (pvDSD) (n = 25).
A patient with CGD and female genital phenotype was heterozygous for variant in DMRT1: c.240G>C, p.Arg80Ser - not reported in gnomAD v4.1.1, inheritance listed as sporadic. Some support for pathogenicity from protein computer modelling.

PMID: 27711951 Chauhan et al., 2017
Study of 10 patients with variable DSD. Method: direct sequencing of SRY, NR5A1, SOX9, DAX1, DHH, DMRT1 genes. One patient with complete gonadal dysgenesis was found to be heterozygous for DMRT1: c.416T>A, p.Leu139Gln.

PMID: 28295047 Fan et al., 2017
P19 - diagnosed with CGD, 46, XY karyotype with normal SRY; harboured het DMRT1 variant c.251A > G, p.Tyr84Cys - maternally inherited, labelled VUS. As DMRT1 is only expressed in male-specific gonads, authors hypothesise the variant would not be expected to cause a phenotype in the mother. This variant has total of 7 hets reported in gnomAD v4.

DMRT1 association with AD "46 XY differences of sex development" has been classified as Definitive in ClinGen (Reproduction and Infertility Expert Panel, 03/18/2026). A separate Definitive association was made between DMRT1 and AD spermatogenic failure. DMRT1 is not yet associated with a disease entity in OMIM (accessed 25th Sept 2026).
Differences in sex development v4.24 DMRT1 Ida Ertmanska changed review comment from: PMID: 33057194 Kaplanis et al., 2020
Large exome seq study of Developmental Disorders cohort. 2 patients identified with gonadal dysgenesis and DMRT1 variants:
P_19455: het for NM_021951.3(DMRT1):c.673C>A (p.Leu225Ile)
P_24289: het for NM_021951.3(DMRT1):c.962C>A (p.Ala321Glu)
These variants are not reported in gnomAD v4.1.1.

PMID: 31745530 Buonocore et al., 2019
Study of a patient cohort with complete gonadal dysgenesis (CGD) (n = 27) and partially virilized 46,XY DSD (pvDSD) (n = 25).
A patient with CGD and female genital phenotype was heterozygous for variant in DMRT1: c.240G>C, p.Arg80Ser - not reported in gnomAD v4.1.1, inheritance listed as sporadic. Some support for pathogenicity from protein computer modelling.

PMID: 27711951 Chauhan et al., 2017
Study of 10 patients with variable DSD. Method: direct sequencing of SRY, NR5A1, SOX9, DAX1, DHH, DMRT1 genes. One patient with complete gonadal dysgenesis was found to be heterozygous for DMRT1: c.416T>A, p.Leu139Gln.

PMID: 28295047 Fan et al., 2017
P19 - diagnosed with CGD, 46, XY karyotype with normal SRY; harboured het DMRT1 variant c.251A > G, p.Tyr84Cys - maternally inherited, labelled VUS. As DMRT1 is only expressed in male-specific gonads, authors hypothesise the variant would not be expected to cause a phenotype in the mother. This variant has total of 7 hets reported in gnomAD v4.

DMRT1 association with AD "46 XY differences of sex development" has been classified as Definitive in ClinGen (Reproduction and Infertility Expert Panel, 03/18/2026). A separate Definitive association was made between DMRT1 and AD spermatogenic failure. DMRT1 is not yet associated with a disease entity in OMIM (accessed 25th Sept 2026).; to: PMID: 36110220 Zidoune H, et al., 2022
P_73 - 29 days old male, het for de novo variant NM_021951.3(DMRT1):c.149G>C (p.Ser50Thr); phenotype: Genital bud, preputial orifice and perineal orifice, bifid labioscrotal folds, BC, NPG. Patient was also hemizygous for MAMLD1:NM_005491:c.C2075T:p.A692V - MAMLD1 is associated with Hypospadias 2, X-linked, OMIM:300758. Difficult to decouple the effect of each variant.

PMID: 33057194 Kaplanis et al., 2020
Large exome seq study of Developmental Disorders cohort. 2 patients identified with gonadal dysgenesis and DMRT1 variants:
P_19455: het for NM_021951.3(DMRT1):c.673C>A (p.Leu225Ile)
P_24289: het for NM_021951.3(DMRT1):c.962C>A (p.Ala321Glu)
These variants are not reported in gnomAD v4.1.1.

PMID: 31745530 Buonocore et al., 2019
Study of a patient cohort with complete gonadal dysgenesis (CGD) (n = 27) and partially virilized 46,XY DSD (pvDSD) (n = 25).
A patient with CGD and female genital phenotype was heterozygous for variant in DMRT1: c.240G>C, p.Arg80Ser - not reported in gnomAD v4.1.1, inheritance listed as sporadic. Some support for pathogenicity from protein computer modelling.

PMID: 27711951 Chauhan et al., 2017
Study of 10 patients with variable DSD. Method: direct sequencing of SRY, NR5A1, SOX9, DAX1, DHH, DMRT1 genes. One patient with complete gonadal dysgenesis was found to be heterozygous for DMRT1: c.416T>A, p.Leu139Gln.

PMID: 28295047 Fan et al., 2017
P19 - diagnosed with CGD, 46, XY karyotype with normal SRY; harboured het DMRT1 variant c.251A > G, p.Tyr84Cys - maternally inherited, labelled VUS. As DMRT1 is only expressed in male-specific gonads, authors hypothesise the variant would not be expected to cause a phenotype in the mother. This variant has total of 7 hets reported in gnomAD v4.

DMRT1 association with AD "46 XY differences of sex development" has been classified as Definitive in ClinGen (Reproduction and Infertility Expert Panel, 03/18/2026). A separate Definitive association was made between DMRT1 and AD spermatogenic failure. DMRT1 is not yet associated with a disease entity in OMIM (accessed 25th Sept 2026).
Differences in sex development v4.24 DMRT1 Ida Ertmanska changed review comment from: PMID: 33057194 Kaplanis et al., 2021
Large exome seq study of Developmental Disorders cohort. 2 patients identified with gonadal dysgenesis and DMRT1 variants:
NM_021951.3(DMRT1):c.673C>A (p.Leu225Ile)


PMID: 31745530 Buonocore et al., 2019
Study of a patient cohort with complete gonadal dysgenesis (CGD) (n = 27) and partially virilized 46,XY DSD (pvDSD) (n = 25).
A patient with CGD and female genital phenotype was heterozygous for variant in DMRT1: c.240G>C, p.Arg80Ser - not reported in gnomAD v4.1.1, inheritance listed as sporadic. Some support for pathogenicity from protein computer modelling.

PMID: 27711951 Chauhan et al., 2017
Study of 10 patients with variable DSD. Method: direct sequencing of SRY, NR5A1, SOX9, DAX1, DHH, DMRT1 genes. One patient with complete gonadal dysgenesis was found to be heterozygous for DMRT1: c.416T>A, p.Leu139Gln.

PMID: 28295047 Fan et al., 2017
P19 - diagnosed with CGD, 46, XY karyotype with normal SRY; harboured het DMRT1 variant c.251A > G, p.Tyr84Cys - maternally inherited, labelled VUS. As DMRT1 is only expressed in male-specific gonads, authors hypothesise the variant would not be expected to cause a phenotype in the mother. This variant has total of 7 hets reported in gnomAD v4.

DMRT1 association with AD "46 XY differences of sex development" has been classified as Definitive in ClinGen (Reproduction and Infertility Expert Panel, 03/18/2026). A separate Definitive association was made between DMRT1 and AD spermatogenic failure. DMRT1 is not yet associated with a disease entity in OMIM (accessed 25th Sept 2026).; to: PMID: 33057194 Kaplanis et al., 2020
Large exome seq study of Developmental Disorders cohort. 2 patients identified with gonadal dysgenesis and DMRT1 variants:
P_19455: het for NM_021951.3(DMRT1):c.673C>A (p.Leu225Ile)
P_24289: het for NM_021951.3(DMRT1):c.962C>A (p.Ala321Glu)
These variants are not reported in gnomAD v4.1.1.

PMID: 31745530 Buonocore et al., 2019
Study of a patient cohort with complete gonadal dysgenesis (CGD) (n = 27) and partially virilized 46,XY DSD (pvDSD) (n = 25).
A patient with CGD and female genital phenotype was heterozygous for variant in DMRT1: c.240G>C, p.Arg80Ser - not reported in gnomAD v4.1.1, inheritance listed as sporadic. Some support for pathogenicity from protein computer modelling.

PMID: 27711951 Chauhan et al., 2017
Study of 10 patients with variable DSD. Method: direct sequencing of SRY, NR5A1, SOX9, DAX1, DHH, DMRT1 genes. One patient with complete gonadal dysgenesis was found to be heterozygous for DMRT1: c.416T>A, p.Leu139Gln.

PMID: 28295047 Fan et al., 2017
P19 - diagnosed with CGD, 46, XY karyotype with normal SRY; harboured het DMRT1 variant c.251A > G, p.Tyr84Cys - maternally inherited, labelled VUS. As DMRT1 is only expressed in male-specific gonads, authors hypothesise the variant would not be expected to cause a phenotype in the mother. This variant has total of 7 hets reported in gnomAD v4.

DMRT1 association with AD "46 XY differences of sex development" has been classified as Definitive in ClinGen (Reproduction and Infertility Expert Panel, 03/18/2026). A separate Definitive association was made between DMRT1 and AD spermatogenic failure. DMRT1 is not yet associated with a disease entity in OMIM (accessed 25th Sept 2026).
Differences in sex development v4.24 DMRT1 Ida Ertmanska changed review comment from: PMID: 31745530 Buonocore et al., 2019
Study of a patient cohort with complete gonadal dysgenesis (CGD) (n = 27) and partially virilized 46,XY DSD (pvDSD) (n = 25).
A patient with CGD and female genital phenotype was heterozygous for variant in DMRT1: c.240G>C, p.Arg80Ser - not reported in gnomAD v4.1.1, inheritance listed as sporadic. Some support for pathogenicity from protein computer modelling.

PMID: 27711951 Chauhan et al., 2017
Study of 10 patients with variable DSD. Method: direct sequencing of SRY, NR5A1, SOX9, DAX1, DHH, DMRT1 genes. One patient with complete gonadal dysgenesis was found to be heterozygous for DMRT1: c.416T>A, p.Leu139Gln.

PMID: 28295047 Fan et al., 2017
P19 - diagnosed with CGD, 46, XY karyotype with normal SRY; harboured het DMRT1 variant c.251A > G, p.Tyr84Cys - maternally inherited, labelled VUS. As DMRT1 is only expressed in male-specific gonads, authors hypothesise the variant would not be expected to cause a phenotype in the mother. This variant has total of 7 hets reported in gnomAD v4.

DMRT1 association with AD "46 XY differences of sex development" has been classified as Definitive in ClinGen (Reproduction and Infertility Expert Panel, 03/18/2026). A separate Definitive association was made between DMRT1 and AD spermatogenic failure. DMRT1 is not yet associated with a disease entity in OMIM (accessed 25th Sept 2026).; to: PMID: 33057194 Kaplanis et al., 2021
Large exome seq study of Developmental Disorders cohort. 2 patients identified with gonadal dysgenesis and DMRT1 variants:
NM_021951.3(DMRT1):c.673C>A (p.Leu225Ile)


PMID: 31745530 Buonocore et al., 2019
Study of a patient cohort with complete gonadal dysgenesis (CGD) (n = 27) and partially virilized 46,XY DSD (pvDSD) (n = 25).
A patient with CGD and female genital phenotype was heterozygous for variant in DMRT1: c.240G>C, p.Arg80Ser - not reported in gnomAD v4.1.1, inheritance listed as sporadic. Some support for pathogenicity from protein computer modelling.

PMID: 27711951 Chauhan et al., 2017
Study of 10 patients with variable DSD. Method: direct sequencing of SRY, NR5A1, SOX9, DAX1, DHH, DMRT1 genes. One patient with complete gonadal dysgenesis was found to be heterozygous for DMRT1: c.416T>A, p.Leu139Gln.

PMID: 28295047 Fan et al., 2017
P19 - diagnosed with CGD, 46, XY karyotype with normal SRY; harboured het DMRT1 variant c.251A > G, p.Tyr84Cys - maternally inherited, labelled VUS. As DMRT1 is only expressed in male-specific gonads, authors hypothesise the variant would not be expected to cause a phenotype in the mother. This variant has total of 7 hets reported in gnomAD v4.

DMRT1 association with AD "46 XY differences of sex development" has been classified as Definitive in ClinGen (Reproduction and Infertility Expert Panel, 03/18/2026). A separate Definitive association was made between DMRT1 and AD spermatogenic failure. DMRT1 is not yet associated with a disease entity in OMIM (accessed 25th Sept 2026).
Differences in sex development v4.24 DMRT1 Ida Ertmanska changed review comment from: DMRT1 association with AD "46 XY differences of sex development" has been classified as Definitive in ClinGen (Reproduction and Infertility Expert Panel, 03/18/2026). A separate Definitive association was made between DMRT1 and AD spermatogenic failure. DMRT1 is not yet associated with a disease entity in OMIM (accessed 25th Sept 2026).; to: PMID: 31745530 Buonocore et al., 2019
Study of a patient cohort with complete gonadal dysgenesis (CGD) (n = 27) and partially virilized 46,XY DSD (pvDSD) (n = 25).
A patient with CGD and female genital phenotype was heterozygous for variant in DMRT1: c.240G>C, p.Arg80Ser - not reported in gnomAD v4.1.1, inheritance listed as sporadic. Some support for pathogenicity from protein computer modelling.

PMID: 27711951 Chauhan et al., 2017
Study of 10 patients with variable DSD. Method: direct sequencing of SRY, NR5A1, SOX9, DAX1, DHH, DMRT1 genes. One patient with complete gonadal dysgenesis was found to be heterozygous for DMRT1: c.416T>A, p.Leu139Gln.

PMID: 28295047 Fan et al., 2017
P19 - diagnosed with CGD, 46, XY karyotype with normal SRY; harboured het DMRT1 variant c.251A > G, p.Tyr84Cys - maternally inherited, labelled VUS. As DMRT1 is only expressed in male-specific gonads, authors hypothesise the variant would not be expected to cause a phenotype in the mother. This variant has total of 7 hets reported in gnomAD v4.

DMRT1 association with AD "46 XY differences of sex development" has been classified as Definitive in ClinGen (Reproduction and Infertility Expert Panel, 03/18/2026). A separate Definitive association was made between DMRT1 and AD spermatogenic failure. DMRT1 is not yet associated with a disease entity in OMIM (accessed 25th Sept 2026).
Differences in sex development v2.62 SRY Eleanor Williams commented on gene: SRY
Differences in sex development v1.32 SRY Ivone Leong reviewed gene: SRY: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: ; Publications: ; Phenotypes: ; Mode of inheritance:
Differences in sex development SRY Ellen McDonagh commented on SRY
Differences in sex development SRY Sarah Leigh marked SRY as ready
Differences in sex development SRY Sarah Leigh commented on SRY