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Primary immunodeficiency or monogenic inflammatory bowel disease v9.49 FGR Achchuthan Shanmugasundram changed review comment from: PMID:31138708 (2019) reported whole-exome sequencing of 99 Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) patients including 88 trios and 11 dyads, of which 11 different rare exonic heterozygous variants in FGR gene were identified in 13 probands. These include two missense variants, p.Arg118Trp found in SH3 domain and and p.Pro525Ser variant found in C-terminal tail. Functional analysis showed p.Arg118Trp variant decreased kinase activity, while p.Pro525Ser showed increased kinase activity (gain-of-function). Studies on Ali18 mice carrying a gain‑of‑function missense mutation in the C‑terminal regulatory region of Fgr shiwed that it reduces its negative regulatory phosphorylation, and this aberrant Fgr activity is necessary and sufficient to drive the spontaneous sterile osteomyelitis and systemic low bone mineral density inflammatory phenotype.

PMID:41920357 (2026) reported three unrelated kindreds with sarcoma (Src) family of non-receptor tyrosine kinase (SFK)-associated vasculitis, of which one large family of 13 affected members across four generations was identified with a novel missense variant in FGR (p.Tyr523His). All clinically affected individuals (10) were heterozygous, while four unaffected members did not carry the variant. Two self-reported healthy members were also heterozygous, suggesting AD inheritance with incomplete penetrance or variable expressivity, although these two carriers have not undergone investigations for subclinical disease.

This gene has not yet been associated with relevant phenotypes either in OMIM or in ClinGen (last accessed 31 July 2026).; to: PMID:31138708 (2019) reported whole-exome sequencing of 99 Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) patients including 88 trios and 11 dyads, of which 11 different rare exonic heterozygous variants in FGR gene were identified in 13 probands. These include two missense variants, p.Arg118Trp found in SH3 domain and and p.Pro525Ser variant found in C-terminal tail. Functional analysis showed p.Arg118Trp variant decreased kinase activity, while p.Pro525Ser showed increased kinase activity (gain-of-function). Studies on Ali18 mice carrying a gain‑of‑function missense mutation in the C‑terminal regulatory region of Fgr shiwed that it reduces its negative regulatory phosphorylation, and this aberrant Fgr activity is necessary and sufficient to drive the spontaneous sterile osteomyelitis and systemic low bone mineral density inflammatory phenotype.

PMID:41920357 (2026) reported three unrelated kindreds with sarcoma (Src) family of non-receptor tyrosine kinase (SFK)-associated vasculitis, of which one large family of 13 affected members across four generations was identified with a novel missense variant in FGR (p.Tyr523His). All clinically affected individuals (10) were heterozygous, while four unaffected members did not carry the variant. Two self-reported healthy members were also heterozygous, suggesting AD inheritance with incomplete penetrance or variable expressivity, although these two carriers have not undergone investigations for subclinical disease. Functional studies on p.Tyr523His variant showed ~50% reduced Fgr protein, enhanced STAT1/STAT5 signaling and increased CD11b/CD18 integrin expression.

This gene has not yet been associated with relevant phenotypes either in OMIM or in ClinGen (last accessed 31 July 2026).
Primary immunodeficiency or monogenic inflammatory bowel disease v9.9 OSMR Boaz Palterer gene: OSMR was added
gene: OSMR was added to Primary immunodeficiency or monogenic inflammatory bowel disease. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: OSMR was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: OSMR were set to 42221229
Phenotypes for gene: OSMR were set to Atopic dermatitis; eosinophilia; elevated IgE
Penetrance for gene: OSMR were set to unknown
Review for gene: OSMR was set to GREEN
Added comment: Samra et al. identified 10 affected individuals from seven unrelated families with germline biallelic loss-of-function variants in OSMR who shared a phenotype of early-onset, severe, widespread atopic dermatitis with peripheral eosinophilia and markedly elevated serum IgE. All patient-derived OSMRβ variants failed to localize to the cell surface, resulting in selective loss of OSM-dependent signaling. Patient cells showed markedly reduced OSM-induced phosphorylation of STAT1, STAT3, and STAT5, while signaling through other IL-6 family receptor complexes remained intact. Transcriptomic profiling of patient primary dermal fibroblasts revealed consistent downstream effects, including loss of interferon-responsive and inflammatory gene programs. Re-expression of wild-type OSMR restored receptor surface expression, STAT activation, and transcriptional responses, confirming a causal loss-of-function mechanism. Together, these findings establish biallelic OSMR deficiency as a novel primary atopic disorder.
Sources: Literature
Primary immunodeficiency or monogenic inflammatory bowel disease v1.94 STAT1 Louise Daugherty commented on gene: STAT1: Gene rating submitted by Kimberly Gilmour and Austen Worth on behalf of London North GLH for the GMS Immunology specialist test group. As discussed with the GMS Immunology Specialist Test Group during webex call 28th March 2019 and confirmed in follow up email 6th September the Specialist Test Group all agreed there is enough evidence to rate this gene Green.
Primary immunodeficiency or monogenic inflammatory bowel disease v1.94 STAT1 Louise Daugherty edited their review of gene: STAT1: Added comment: Gene rating submitted by Tracy Briggs, David Gokhale and Abigal Rousseau on behalf of North West GLH for the GMS Immunology specialist test group. As discussed with the GMS Immunology Specialist Test Group during webex call 28th March 2019 and confirmed in follow up email on 20th June the Specialist Test Group all agreed there is enough evidence to rate this gene Green.; Changed rating: GREEN
Primary immunodeficiency or monogenic inflammatory bowel disease v1.94 STAT1 Kimberly Gilmour reviewed gene: STAT1: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: ; Publications: ; Phenotypes: ; Mode of inheritance:
Primary immunodeficiency or monogenic inflammatory bowel disease v1.94 STAT1 Tracy Briggs reviewed gene: STAT1: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: ; Publications: ; Phenotypes: ; Mode of inheritance:
Primary immunodeficiency or monogenic inflammatory bowel disease v1.60 STAT1 Louise Daugherty Source NHS GMS was added to STAT1.
Primary immunodeficiency or monogenic inflammatory bowel disease v1.59 STAT1 Louise Daugherty Source North West GLH was added to STAT1.
Primary immunodeficiency or monogenic inflammatory bowel disease v1.58 STAT1 Louise Daugherty Source London North GLH was added to STAT1.
Primary immunodeficiency or monogenic inflammatory bowel disease STAT1 Louise Daugherty commented on gene: STAT1
Primary immunodeficiency or monogenic inflammatory bowel disease STAT1 Louise Daugherty marked gene: STAT1 as ready
Primary immunodeficiency or monogenic inflammatory bowel disease STAT1 Sophie Hambleton reviewed gene: STAT1
Primary immunodeficiency or monogenic inflammatory bowel disease STAT1 Eleanor Williams classified STAT1 as Green List (high evidence)
Primary immunodeficiency or monogenic inflammatory bowel disease STAT1 Louise Daugherty commented on STAT1
Primary immunodeficiency or monogenic inflammatory bowel disease STAT1 Louise Daugherty classified STAT1 as Amber List (moderate evidence)
Primary immunodeficiency or monogenic inflammatory bowel disease STAT1 Louise Daugherty commented on STAT1
Primary immunodeficiency or monogenic inflammatory bowel disease STAT1 Louise Daugherty commented on STAT1
Primary immunodeficiency or monogenic inflammatory bowel disease STAT1 Louise Daugherty reviewed STAT1
Primary immunodeficiency or monogenic inflammatory bowel disease STAT1 Louise Daugherty Added gene to panel