Activity
| Date | Panel | Item | Activity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
30 actions
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Monogenic hearing loss v5.51 | MORC2 | Arina Puzriakova Phenotypes for gene: MORC2 were changed from Sensorineural hearing loss; Developmental delay; Intellectual disability; Growth retardation; Microcephaly; Craniofacial dysmorphism; Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, axonal, type 2Z, OMIM:616688 to Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, axonal, type 2Z, OMIM:616688; Developmental delay, impaired growth, dysmorphic facies, and axonal neuropathy, OMIM:619090 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Monogenic hearing loss v5.47 | TBX2 |
Ida Ertmanska changed review comment from: There is some emerging evidence for the association of TBX2 and monogenic hearing loss. Several reported individuals with de novo microdeletions encompassing TBX2 had sensorineural hearing loss as one of the symptoms (PMID: 20206336 Ballif et al., 2010; PMID: 22052739 Schönewolf-Greulich et al., 2011; PMID: 21271665 Nimmakayalu et al., 2011). TBX2 and TBX4 are suggested as strong candidate genes. However, the effect of other genes being deleted is hard to decouple. A study by Hua et al. ( https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.07.18.24310488, pre-print, posted in July 2024) identified two Chinese families with late onset progressive sensorineural hearing loss. Affected members in each family were heterozygous for c.977delA p.(Asp326Alafs*42) and c.987delC p.(Ala330Argfs*38) respectively. Both variants are extremely rare and co-segregate with disease. Method: Linkage analysis + WGS. Family 1: five generations, 21/102 individuals had hearing loss (AD inheritance). Age of onset 4-40 years old. Monitoring at 10 year intervals showed slowly progressive auditory decline. 9 family member also exhibited spontaneous nystagmus (onset 0-5 years). Caveat: Six other shared variants were identified in RKD3, DYNC2LI1, FAHD2A, OR5K3, TBX2, ZNF135 - autosomal dominant pattern. Family 2: 4/14 members had hearing loss, proband had severe hearing loss with onset before 5yo; patient II.6 had late onset hearing loss (onset at 26-30yo) with nystagmus observed in childhood. Functional data: Tbx2 is essential for inner hair cell (IHC) differentiation in mice. Conditional Tbx2 knockout causes embryonic IHCs differentiate as outer hair cells (OHCs). Both inner and outer hair cells are required for hearing (PMID: 35508658 Garcia-Anoveros et al., 2022). Tbx2-/- knockout mouse embryos exhibit lethal cardiovascular defects (PMID: 15459098 Harrelson et a., 2004). In https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.07.18.24310488, Tbx2-/- mice were also embryonic lethal. Heterozygous Tbx2+/- mice had normal Auditory Brainstem Response thresholds at day 70. They started showing signs of hearing loss at day 100, and they exhibited severe hearing loss at day 150 – consistent with late-onset hearing loss reported in some patients. Interestingly, p.(Asp326Alafs*42) knock-in mice did not show any signs of hearing loss. TBX2 is associated with Vertebral anomalies and variable endocrine and T-cell dysfunction (OMIM:618223, accessed 23 Sep 2025). Based on the available evidence, this gene should be rated amber for monogenic hearing loss. Sources: Literature; to: There is some emerging evidence for the association of TBX2 and monogenic hearing loss. Several reported individuals with de novo microdeletions encompassing TBX2 had sensorineural hearing loss as one of the symptoms (PMID: 20206336 Ballif et al., 2010; PMID: 22052739 Schönewolf-Greulich et al., 2011; PMID: 21271665 Nimmakayalu et al., 2011). TBX2 and TBX4 are suggested as strong candidate genes. However, the effect of other genes being deleted is hard to decouple. A study by Hua et al. ( https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.07.18.24310488, pre-print, posted in July 2024) identified two Chinese families with late onset progressive sensorineural hearing loss. Affected members in each family were heterozygous for c.977delA p.(Asp326Alafs*42) and c.987delC p.(Ala330Argfs*38) respectively. Both variants are extremely rare and co-segregate with disease. Method: Linkage analysis + WGS. Family 1: five generations, 21/102 individuals had hearing loss (AD inheritance). Age of onset 4-40 years old. Monitoring at 10 year intervals showed slowly progressive auditory decline. 9 family member also exhibited spontaneous nystagmus (onset 0-5 years). Caveat: Six other shared variants were identified in RKD3, DYNC2LI1, FAHD2A, OR5K3, TBX2, ZNF135 - autosomal dominant pattern. Family 2: 4/14 members had hearing loss, proband had severe hearing loss with onset before 5yo; patient II.6 had late onset hearing loss (onset at 26-30yo) with nystagmus observed in childhood. Functional data: Tbx2 is essential for inner hair cell (IHC) differentiation in mice. Conditional Tbx2 knockout causes embryonic IHCs differentiate as outer hair cells (OHCs). Both inner and outer hair cells are required for hearing (PMID: 35508658 Garcia-Anoveros et al., 2022). Tbx2-/- knockout mouse embryos exhibit lethal cardiovascular defects (PMID: 15459098 Harrelson et a., 2004). In https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.07.18.24310488, Tbx2-/- mice were also embryonic lethal. Heterozygous Tbx2+/- mice had normal Auditory Brainstem Response thresholds at day 70. They started showing signs of hearing loss at day 100, and they exhibited severe hearing loss at day 150 – consistent with late-onset hearing loss reported in some patients. Interestingly, p.(Asp326Alafs*42) knock-in mice did not show any signs of hearing loss. TBX2 is associated with Vertebral anomalies and variable endocrine and T-cell dysfunction (OMIM:618223, accessed 23 Sep 2025). Based on the available evidence, this gene should be rated amber for monogenic hearing loss. Sources: Literature |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Monogenic hearing loss v5.38 | PTRH2 |
Achchuthan Shanmugasundram changed review comment from: PMID:25574476 (2014) reported a consanguineous family of Yazidian-Turkish descent infantile-onset multisystem neurologic, endocrine, and pancreatic disease (IMNEPD). The two affected children presented with intellectual disability, postnatal microcephaly, growth retardation, progressive ataxia, distal muscle weakness, peripheral demyelinating sensorimotor neuropathy, sensorineural deafness, exocrine pancreas insufficiency, hypothyroidism, and show signs of liver fibrosis. They were identified with a homozygous frameshift variant in PTRH2 gene. PMID:25558065 (2015) reported a patient with global developmental delay, hearing loss, and ataxia and was identified with a homozygous missense variant PTRH2 gene. PMID:27129381 (2016) reported the identification of a different homozygous missense variant in five further IMNEPD patients from two different families of Tunisian and Saudi Arabian descent. Sensorineural hearing impairment was present in all five reported patients. PMID:31057140 (2019) reported three brothers of Syrian descent with a novel homozygous stop-gain variant in PTRH2 gene presenting with IMNEPD. All three had hearing loss. This gene has been associated with IMNEPD in OMIM (MIM #616263, OMIM accessed on 24 October 2025), which includes sensorineural deafness as one of the clinical manifestations. Sources: Literature; to: PMID:25574476 (2014) reported a consanguineous family of Yazidian-Turkish descent infantile-onset multisystem neurologic, endocrine, and pancreatic disease (IMNEPD). The two affected children presented with intellectual disability, postnatal microcephaly, growth retardation, progressive ataxia, distal muscle weakness, peripheral demyelinating sensorimotor neuropathy, sensorineural deafness, exocrine pancreas insufficiency, hypothyroidism, and show signs of liver fibrosis. They were identified with a homozygous frameshift variant in PTRH2 gene. PMID:25558065 (2015) reported a patient with global developmental delay, hearing loss, and ataxia and was identified with a homozygous missense variant PTRH2 gene. PMID:27129381 (2016) reported the identification of a different homozygous missense variant in five further IMNEPD patients from two different families of Tunisian and Saudi Arabian descent. Sensorineural hearing impairment was present in all five reported patients. PMID:31057140 (2019) reported three brothers of Syrian descent with a novel homozygous stop-gain variant in PTRH2 gene presenting with IMNEPD. All three had hearing loss. This gene has been associated with IMNEPD in OMIM (MIM #616263, OMIM accessed on 24 October 2025), which includes sensorineural deafness as one of the clinical manifestations. This gene is also associated with relevant phenotypes on the DD panel of Gene2Phenotype with 'definitive' rating. Sources: Literature |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Monogenic hearing loss v5.38 | PTRH2 |
Achchuthan Shanmugasundram gene: PTRH2 was added gene: PTRH2 was added to Monogenic hearing loss. Sources: Literature Mode of inheritance for gene: PTRH2 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal Publications for gene: PTRH2 were set to 25574476; 25558065; 27129381; 31057140 Phenotypes for gene: PTRH2 were set to Infantile-onset multisystem neurologic, endocrine, and pancreatic disease, OMIM:616263; neurologic, endocrine, and pancreatic disease, multisystem, infantile-onset 1, MONDO:8000012 Review for gene: PTRH2 was set to GREEN Added comment: PMID:25574476 (2014) reported a consanguineous family of Yazidian-Turkish descent infantile-onset multisystem neurologic, endocrine, and pancreatic disease (IMNEPD). The two affected children presented with intellectual disability, postnatal microcephaly, growth retardation, progressive ataxia, distal muscle weakness, peripheral demyelinating sensorimotor neuropathy, sensorineural deafness, exocrine pancreas insufficiency, hypothyroidism, and show signs of liver fibrosis. They were identified with a homozygous frameshift variant in PTRH2 gene. PMID:25558065 (2015) reported a patient with global developmental delay, hearing loss, and ataxia and was identified with a homozygous missense variant PTRH2 gene. PMID:27129381 (2016) reported the identification of a different homozygous missense variant in five further IMNEPD patients from two different families of Tunisian and Saudi Arabian descent. Sensorineural hearing impairment was present in all five reported patients. PMID:31057140 (2019) reported three brothers of Syrian descent with a novel homozygous stop-gain variant in PTRH2 gene presenting with IMNEPD. All three had hearing loss. This gene has been associated with IMNEPD in OMIM (MIM #616263, OMIM accessed on 24 October 2025), which includes sensorineural deafness as one of the clinical manifestations. Sources: Literature |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Monogenic hearing loss v5.28 | OGDHL |
Ida Ertmanska changed review comment from: As reviewed by Arina Puzriakova, there are at least 10 individuals from 9 unrelated families with biallelic variants in OGDHL (PMIDs: 28017472; 34800363). The individuals present with a complex neurodevelopmental disorder, also known as Yoon-Bellen syndrome. The phenotype is highly variable between the cases and includes developmental delay / intellectual disability. PMID: 38031187 Lin et al. 2023 - authors re-evaluate the evidence for the association between Yoon-Bellen neurodevelopmental syndrome and the OGDHL gene. The article reports further 14 individuals from 12 unrelated, diverse families, with biallelic OGDHL variants. Patients presented with a range of heterogeneous symptoms: hypotonia (9/14), short stature and variable dysmorphic facial features (each 8/14), failure to thrive (7/14), developmental delay/intellectual disability (9/14), seizures (4/14), hearing loss (4/14), and microcephaly (3/14). Ataxia was explicitly noted in 1 patient. Due to the highly variable phenotype, authors propose 3 possible hypotheses: ‘biallelic OGDHL variants lead to a highly variable monogenic disorder, variants in OGDHL are following a complex pattern of inheritance, or they may not be causative at all’. In total, 17/21 families reported in the above articles have history of consanguinity. In most cases, additional likely pathogenic mutations were discovered in other genes, which complicates the phenotypic understanding. Functional evidence: A zebrafish knockout of Ogdhl (78% identical gene ortholog) resulted in a range of phenotypes: smaller head, eye, and body, and heart edema. No seizure manifestation, visual impairment, or hearing deficiencies were observed. Authors note elevated neuronal cell death in the eye, hindbrain, and spinal cord of knockout animals. The phenotype was rescued by injection of human OGDHL. Moreover, OGDHL, OGDH, and DHTKD1 are isoenzymes – through double and triple gene knockouts, authors provide evidence indicating a complex compensatory relationship (PMID: 38031187). This gene should remain Green for Monogenic hearing loss. There is strong evidence for the association between OGDHL and Yoon-Bellen neurodevelopmental syndrome. However, care should be taken not to attribute all clinical symptoms to OGDHL dysfunction.; to: There are at least 24 individuals from 21 unrelated families with biallelic variants in OGDHL (PMIDs: 28017472; 34800363; 38031187). The individuals present with a complex neurodevelopmental disorder, also known as Yoon-Bellen syndrome. The phenotype is highly variable between the cases and includes hearing loss (at least 8 cases in total). PMID: 38031187 Lin et al. 2023 - authors re-evaluate the evidence for the association between Yoon-Bellen neurodevelopmental syndrome and the OGDHL gene. The article reports further 14 individuals from 12 unrelated, diverse families, with biallelic OGDHL variants. Patients presented with a range of heterogeneous symptoms: hypotonia (9/14), short stature and variable dysmorphic facial features (each 8/14), failure to thrive (7/14), developmental delay/intellectual disability (9/14), seizures (4/14), hearing loss (4/14), and microcephaly (3/14). Ataxia was explicitly noted in 1 patient. Due to the highly variable phenotype, authors propose 3 possible hypotheses: ‘biallelic OGDHL variants lead to a highly variable monogenic disorder, variants in OGDHL are following a complex pattern of inheritance, or they may not be causative at all’. In total, 17/21 families reported in the above articles have history of consanguinity. In most cases, additional likely pathogenic mutations were discovered in other genes, which complicates the phenotypic understanding. Functional evidence: A zebrafish knockout of Ogdhl (78% identical gene ortholog) resulted in a range of phenotypes: smaller head, eye, and body, and heart edema. No seizure manifestation, visual impairment, or hearing deficiencies were observed. Authors note elevated neuronal cell death in the eye, hindbrain, and spinal cord of knockout animals. The phenotype was rescued by injection of human OGDHL. Moreover, OGDHL, OGDH, and DHTKD1 are isoenzymes – through double and triple gene knockouts, authors provide evidence indicating a complex compensatory relationship (PMID: 38031187). This gene should remain Green for Monogenic hearing loss. There is strong evidence for the association between OGDHL and Yoon-Bellen neurodevelopmental syndrome. However, care should be taken not to attribute all clinical symptoms to OGDHL dysfunction. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Monogenic hearing loss v5.23 | TBX2 |
Ida Ertmanska gene: TBX2 was added gene: TBX2 was added to Monogenic hearing loss. Sources: Literature Mode of inheritance for gene: TBX2 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted Publications for gene: TBX2 were set to 15459098; 20206336; 21271665; 22052739; 35508658 Phenotypes for gene: TBX2 were set to hearing loss disorder, MONDO:0005365 Review for gene: TBX2 was set to AMBER Added comment: There is some emerging evidence for the association of TBX2 and monogenic hearing loss. Several reported individuals with de novo microdeletions encompassing TBX2 had sensorineural hearing loss as one of the symptoms (PMID: 20206336 Ballif et al., 2010; PMID: 22052739 Schönewolf-Greulich et al., 2011; PMID: 21271665 Nimmakayalu et al., 2011). TBX2 and TBX4 are suggested as strong candidate genes. However, the effect of other genes being deleted is hard to decouple. A study by Hua et al. ( https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.07.18.24310488, pre-print, posted in July 2024) identified two Chinese families with late onset progressive sensorineural hearing loss. Affected members in each family were heterozygous for c.977delA p.(Asp326Alafs*42) and c.987delC p.(Ala330Argfs*38) respectively. Both variants are extremely rare and co-segregate with disease. Method: Linkage analysis + WGS. Family 1: five generations, 21/102 individuals had hearing loss (AD inheritance). Age of onset 4-40 years old. Monitoring at 10 year intervals showed slowly progressive auditory decline. 9 family member also exhibited spontaneous nystagmus (onset 0-5 years). Caveat: Six other shared variants were identified in RKD3, DYNC2LI1, FAHD2A, OR5K3, TBX2, ZNF135 - autosomal dominant pattern. Family 2: 4/14 members had hearing loss, proband had severe hearing loss with onset before 5yo; patient II.6 had late onset hearing loss (onset at 26-30yo) with nystagmus observed in childhood. Functional data: Tbx2 is essential for inner hair cell (IHC) differentiation in mice. Conditional Tbx2 knockout causes embryonic IHCs differentiate as outer hair cells (OHCs). Both inner and outer hair cells are required for hearing (PMID: 35508658 Garcia-Anoveros et al., 2022). Tbx2-/- knockout mouse embryos exhibit lethal cardiovascular defects (PMID: 15459098 Harrelson et a., 2004). In https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.07.18.24310488, Tbx2-/- mice were also embryonic lethal. Heterozygous Tbx2+/- mice had normal Auditory Brainstem Response thresholds at day 70. They started showing signs of hearing loss at day 100, and they exhibited severe hearing loss at day 150 – consistent with late-onset hearing loss reported in some patients. Interestingly, p.(Asp326Alafs*42) knock-in mice did not show any signs of hearing loss. TBX2 is associated with Vertebral anomalies and variable endocrine and T-cell dysfunction (OMIM:618223, accessed 23 Sep 2025). Based on the available evidence, this gene should be rated amber for monogenic hearing loss. Sources: Literature |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Monogenic hearing loss v4.65 | TUBB4B |
Achchuthan Shanmugasundram gene: TUBB4B was added gene: TUBB4B was added to Monogenic hearing loss. Sources: Literature dd_review, Q1_25_ promote_green tags were added to gene: TUBB4B. Mode of inheritance for gene: TUBB4B was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted Publications for gene: TUBB4B were set to 29198720; 38662826; 39115449 Phenotypes for gene: TUBB4B were set to Leber congenital amaurosis with early-onset deafness, OMIM:617879; sensorineural hearing loss disorder, MONDO:0020678 Review for gene: TUBB4B was set to GREEN Added comment: PMID:29198720 reported three patients of a family with early-onset retinal degeneration and hearing loss and they were identified with a heterozygous missense variant in TUBB4B gene (p.Arg391His). PMID:38662826 reported a cohort of 12 patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) and with heterozygous variants in TUBB4B gene. Four different variants were reported in these patients. Common clinical features of airway disease including chronic wet cough (7/12), recurrent infections (11/12), bronchiectasis (8/12) and rhinosinusitis (9/12) were observed across the cohort/ 6/12 patients were reported with hydrocephaly. Four patients with the p.Pro358Ser variant also presented with Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) associated with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Similar cellular phenotype was also observed in patient-derived respiratory epithelial cells. PMID:39115449 reported eight patients with PCD, of which one patient was identified with a de novo variant in TUBB4B gene (p.Pro259Leu). This patient presented with airways disease and hearing loss. This gene has been associated with Leber congenital amaurosis with early-onset deafness phenotype in OMIM (MIM #617879), but not yet in Gene2Phenotype. Sources: Literature |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Monogenic hearing loss v4.56 | RFC4 |
Achchuthan Shanmugasundram gene: RFC4 was added gene: RFC4 was added to Monogenic hearing loss. Sources: Literature Q3_24_promote_green tags were added to gene: RFC4. Mode of inheritance for gene: RFC4 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal Publications for gene: RFC4 were set to 39106866 Phenotypes for gene: RFC4 were set to sensorineural hearing loss disorder, MONDO:0020678 Review for gene: RFC4 was set to GREEN Added comment: PMID:39106866 reported nine individuals (aged birth to 47 years) from eight unrelated families with a multisystem disorder. They presented with muscle weakness/myopathy (9/9), motor incoordination/gait disturbance (8/8), delayed gross motor development (6/9), dysarthria (5/5), peripheral neuropathy (3/3 adults), bilateral sensorineural hearing impairment (6/9), decreased body weight (8/9), short stature (5/9), microcephaly (4/9), respiratory issues/insufficiency (6/9), cerebellar atrophy (4/9), pituitary hypoplasia (3/9). They were identified with biallelic loss-of-function variants in RFC4 gene (3 frameshift, 2 splice site, 1 single AA duplication, 2 single AA deletions and 2 missense) This gene has not yet been associated with relevant phenotypes either in OMIM or in Gene2Phenotype. Sources: Literature |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Monogenic hearing loss v4.54 | PLCG1 |
Hannah Knight gene: PLCG1 was added gene: PLCG1 was added to Monogenic hearing loss. Sources: Literature Mode of inheritance for gene: PLCG1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted Publications for gene: PLCG1 were set to PMID: 38260438 Phenotypes for gene: PLCG1 were set to hearing impairment; ophthalmologic abnormalities; cardiac septal defects Review for gene: PLCG1 was set to AMBER Added comment: Limited case info in preprint, but PMID: 38260438 (2024) reported three unrelated individuals with de novo heterozygous missense variants in PLCG1, with symptoms including deafness, ophthalmologic abnormalities, cardiac septal defects, abnormal brain MRI and immune defects Sources: Literature |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Monogenic hearing loss v3.9 | CRLS1 |
Achchuthan Shanmugasundram gene: CRLS1 was added gene: CRLS1 was added to Monogenic hearing loss. Sources: Literature Mode of inheritance for gene: CRLS1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal Publications for gene: CRLS1 were set to 5147173 Phenotypes for gene: CRLS1 were set to Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 57, OMIM:620167 Review for gene: CRLS1 was set to GREEN Added comment: Three individuals from two unrelated families were identified with the same homozygous variant in CRLS1 (p.Ile109Asn). They presented with a mitochondrial disorder characterized by an evolving pattern of cardiomyopathy, encephalopathy, bilateral auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder, bull’s eye maculopathy, diabetes insipidus, autonomic instability and low complex IV activity in skeletal muscle. A fourth individual was identified with a compound heterozygous CRLS1 variant (p.Ala172Asp/ p.Leu217Phe) that presented with developmental regression beginning in late infancy, with acquired microcephaly, sensorineural hearing loss and impaired vision. Functional studies using patient-derived fibroblasts provide evidence that CRLS1 variants cause mitochondrial disease. Sources: Literature |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Monogenic hearing loss v2.228 | DMXL2 | Eleanor Williams Phenotypes for gene: DMXL2 were changed from ?Deafness, autosomal dominant 71, 617605; Epileptic encephalopathy, early infantile, 81, 618663 to ?Deafness, autosomal dominant 71, OMIM:617605 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Monogenic hearing loss v2.207 | PRRX1 | Arina Puzriakova Phenotypes for gene: PRRX1 were changed from to Agnathia-otocephaly complex, OMIM:202650 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Monogenic hearing loss v2.198 | SARS |
Ivone Leong gene: SARS was added gene: SARS was added to Hearing loss. Sources: Expert Review Amber,Literature watchlist, new-gene-name tags were added to gene: SARS. Mode of inheritance for gene: SARS was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal Publications for gene: SARS were set to 28236339; 34570399 Phenotypes for gene: SARS were set to ?Neurodevelopmental disorder with microcephaly, ataxia, and seizures, OMIM:617709 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Monogenic hearing loss v2.180 | SERAC1 | Arina Puzriakova Phenotypes for gene: SERAC1 were changed from 3-methylglutaconic aciduria with deafness, encephalopathy, and Leigh-like syndrome, 614739; MEGDEL syndrome; 3-MEthylGlutaconic aciduria, Dystonia-Deafness, Hepatopathy, Encephalopathy, Leigh-like syndrome; MEGDHEL syndrome to 3-methylglutaconic aciduria with deafness, encephalopathy, and Leigh-like syndrome, OMIM:614739 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Monogenic hearing loss v2.135 | COG4 |
Ivone Leong gene: COG4 was added gene: COG4 was added to Hearing loss. Sources: Literature for-review tags were added to gene: COG4. Mode of inheritance for gene: COG4 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown Publications for gene: COG4 were set to 31949312; 30290151 Phenotypes for gene: COG4 were set to Saul-Wilson syndrome, OMIM:618150; microcephalic osteodysplastic dysplasia, Saul-Wilson type, MONDO:0019407 Mode of pathogenicity for gene: COG4 was set to Other Review for gene: COG4 was set to AMBER Added comment: This gene is associated with a phenotype in OMIM and Gene2Phenotype. This gene was added to the Cataracts panel by Zornitza Stark (Australian Genomics). "Saul-Wilson syndrome (AD): 14 patients reported with DD, skeletal changes, cataracts, and growth retardation (progeriod like) All have a recurrent de novo heterozygous missense variant (p.Gly516Arg). Please note bi-allelic variants cause CDG. Sources: Expert list Zornitza Stark (Australian Genomics), 7 Jul 2020" PMID: 30290151, many of the affected patients also have hearing loss and the authors suggest that the Saul-Wilson syndrome variant is gain of function. Therefore, this gene should be considered to be Green at the next review. Sources: Literature |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Monogenic hearing loss v2.134 | MORC2 |
Arina Puzriakova Added comment: Comment on list classification: Though signs suggestive of neuropathy were observed in the cohort presented by Sacoto et al (PMID:32693025), these were not the predominant feature of the disease presentation or the primary indication for diagnostic testing. Furthermore, some cases with hearing loss would not be tested for other panels related to this phenotype (e.g. ID, severe microcephaly) as they did not exhibit the relevant features. Therefore, this gene should be promoted to Green at the next GMS panel update (added 'for-review' tag). |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Monogenic hearing loss v2.133 | MORC2 | Arina Puzriakova Phenotypes for gene: MORC2 were changed from Developmental delay; Intellectual disability; Growth retardation; Microcephaly; Craniofacial dysmorphism; Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, axonal, type 2Z, OMIM:616688 to Sensorineural hearing loss; Developmental delay; Intellectual disability; Growth retardation; Microcephaly; Craniofacial dysmorphism; Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, axonal, type 2Z, OMIM:616688 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Monogenic hearing loss v2.132 | MORC2 |
Arina Puzriakova gene: MORC2 was added gene: MORC2 was added to Hearing loss. Sources: Literature for-review tags were added to gene: MORC2. Mode of inheritance for gene: MORC2 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown Publications for gene: MORC2 were set to 32693025 Phenotypes for gene: MORC2 were set to Developmental delay; Intellectual disability; Growth retardation; Microcephaly; Craniofacial dysmorphism; Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, axonal, type 2Z, OMIM:616688 Review for gene: MORC2 was set to GREEN Added comment: MORC2 variants have commonly been associated with CMT, presenting axonal neuropathy with progressive weakness, muscle cramps and sensory impairment. However, Sacoto et al (2020) (PMID: 32693025) present a cohort of 20 individuals (19 kindreds) with a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by DD, ID (18/20 - mild to severe), short stature (18/20), microcephaly (15/20) and variable craniofacial dysmorphisms. Hearing loss was observed in 11/19 subjects, primarily SNHL. Sources: Literature |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Monogenic hearing loss v2.115 | NARS2 |
Eleanor Williams commented on gene: NARS2: PMID: 25807530 - Simon et al 2015 - report 2 unrelated families with 3 different variants in NARS2. One family is segregating nonsyndromic hearing loss (DFNB94) and another with Leigh syndrome. In the family with Leigh syndrome two affected children failed the newborn hearing test. PMID: 28077841 - Mizuguchi et al 2017 - report 4 individuals from 3 families with homozygous or compound het variants in NARS2 found by WES. All had hearing impairment (detected <2 years of age) among other clinical features including seizures and hypotonia. PMID: 30327238 - Seaver et al 2018 - report two infant brothers who presented with focal status epilepticus that progressed to lethal epileptic encephalopathy. Compound het missense variants found by WES in NARS2. The younger brother failed the newborn hearing screen. PMID: 25385316 - Vanlander et al 2015 - report 2 siblings born to consanguineous parents in which a homozygous missense mutation (c.822G>C) was found in NARS2). One sibling had mild intellectual disability and epilepsy in childhood, whereas the other had severe myopathy. Hearing loss NOT reported. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Monogenic hearing loss v2.86 | COL2A1 | Eleanor Williams Phenotypes for gene: COL2A1 were changed from Stickler syndrome, type I, 108300Kniest dysplasia, 156550Achondrogenesis, type II or hypochondrogenesis, 200610SED congenita, 183900SMED Strudwick type, 184250Epiphyseal dysplasia, multiple, with myopia and deafness, 132450Spondyloperipheral dysplasia, 271700SED, Namaqualand typeOsteoarthritis with mild chondrodysplasia, 604864Vitreoretinopathy with phalangeal epiphyseal dysplasiaPlatyspondylic skeletal dysplasia, Torrance type, 151210Otospondylomegaepiphyseal dysplasia, 215150Avascular necrosis of the femoral head, 608805Legg-Calve-Perthes disease, 150600Stickler sydrome, type I, nonsyndromic ocular, 609508Czech dysplasia, 609162; ticklersyndrome,typeI,108300Kniestdysplasia,156550Achondrogenesis,typeIIorhypochondrogenesis,200610SEDcongenita,183900 to Stickler syndrome, type I, 108300 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Monogenic hearing loss v2.74 | COL11A1 | Eleanor Williams Phenotypes for gene: COL11A1 were changed from Stickler syndrome, type II, 604841Marshall syndrome, 154780{Lumbar disc herniation, susceptibility to}, 603932Fibrochondrogenesis, 228520; Sticklersyndrome,typeII,604841 to Stickler syndrome, type II, MIM#604841; Deafness, autosomal dominant 37, MIM#618533 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Monogenic hearing loss v2.71 | COL11A1 | Eleanor Williams Added comment: Comment on list classification: Promoting from red to amber. 1 case of non-syndromic hearing loss in a large pedigree. Other reports are from patients with Stickler/Marshal syndrome. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Monogenic hearing loss v2.68 | ATP6V1B2 |
Eleanor Williams changed review comment from: Adding gene at request of Alistair Pagnamenta (University of Oxford). PMID: 32873933 Beauregard-Lacroix et al 2020 - identified the same truncating variant in ATP6V1B2 (NM_001693.4:c.1516C>T; p.Arg506*) in nine individuals from eight unrelated families with DOORS syndrome. All individuals presented with deafness as well as as onychodystrophy and abnormal fingers and/or toes. In addition, all families but one had developmental delay or intellectual disability and five individuals had epilepsy. Two additional familes with dominant deafness onychodystrophy (DDOD) syndrome also had the same variant in ATP6V1B2. Abstract only accessed. Sources: Expert Review, Literature; to: Adding gene at request of Alistair Pagnamenta (University of Oxford). Associated with Deafness, congenital, with onychodystrophy, autosomal dominant #124480 (AD) and Zimmermann-Laband syndrome 2 #616455 (AD) in OMIM. PMID: 32873933 Beauregard-Lacroix et al 2020 - identified the same truncating variant in ATP6V1B2 (NM_001693.4:c.1516C>T; p.Arg506*) in nine individuals from eight unrelated families with DOORS syndrome. All individuals presented with deafness as well as as onychodystrophy and abnormal fingers and/or toes. In addition, all families but one had developmental delay or intellectual disability and five individuals had epilepsy. Two additional familes with dominant deafness onychodystrophy (DDOD) syndrome also had the same variant in ATP6V1B2. Abstract only accessed. PMID: 28396750 Menendez et al 2017 - report a Guatemalan famliy with one child with deafness–onychodystrophy. The proband was found to be heterozygous for c.1516C>T [p.(Arg506*)] in ATP6V1B2. Neither parents or sisters had this variant. PMID: 24913193 Yuan et al 2014 - report 3 Chinese families with severe congenital sensorineural hearing loss, absence of nails and aplasia of the middle phalanx in the fifth fingers, but no inner ear malformation or intellectual disability. Using exome sequencing an identical heterozygous de novo c.1516 C>T (p.Arg506X) mutation in ATP6V1B2 was verified in two probands. In the third family the same variant was found by Sanger sequencing. A cochlea-specific Atp6v1b2-knockdown mouse model demonstrates that Atp6v1b2 deficiency leads to severe sensorineural hearing loss. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Monogenic hearing loss v2.38 | YARS |
Sarah Leigh gene: YARS was added gene: YARS was added to Hearing loss. Sources: Literature new-gene-name tags were added to gene: YARS. Mode of inheritance for gene: YARS was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal Publications for gene: YARS were set to 30304524; 29232904; 27633801 Phenotypes for gene: YARS were set to Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, dominant intermediate C 608323; Intellectual disability; deafness; nystagmus; liver dysfunction Review for gene: YARS was set to AMBER Added comment: Biallelic variants in three families with complex clinical conditions including developmental delay. PMID 30304524 reports an extended family with microcephaly, expressive language delay, hearing loss, amongst other features. PMID 29232904 reports a proband whose phenotype included hearing loss, retnititis pigmentosa and hypotonia, but did not include intellectual disability. PMID 27633801 reports two sibblings with hypotionia, the older brother at 15 years of age has mild delays, he attends school on an individualized educational program and functions at a grade 3 level, but not hearing loss was reported. Sources: Literature |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Monogenic hearing loss v2.26 | DMXL2 | Eleanor Williams Phenotypes for gene: DMXL2 were changed from Sensorineural Hearing Loss; ORPHA90636; OMIM:612186 to ?Deafness, autosomal dominant 71, 617605; Epileptic encephalopathy, early infantile, 81, 618663 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Monogenic hearing loss v2.23 | DMXL2 | Eleanor Williams edited their review of gene: DMXL2: Added comment: After consultation with Genomics England clinical team it has been decided to rate this gene green as, although hearing loss presents with epileptic encephalopathy, hearing loss is a consistent and early feature.; Changed rating: GREEN; Changed mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Monogenic hearing loss v2.4 | SOX2 | Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: SOX2: Rating: AMBER; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 30262714, 16932809, 16145681; Phenotypes: Microphthalmia, syndromic 3, MIM# 206900; Mode of inheritance: MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Monogenic hearing loss v2.4 | DMXL2 | Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: DMXL2: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 31688942; Phenotypes: Epileptic encephalopathy with deafness; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal; Current diagnostic: yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Monogenic hearing loss v1.50 | TBC1D24 | Louise Daugherty Added comment: Comment on phenotypes: Added phenotypes that indicate relevance to inclusion on the Hearing loss panel from OMIM. removed: Myoclonic epilepsy, infantile, familial, 605021;Myoclonicepilepsy,infantile,familial,605021Epilepticencephalopathy,earlyinfantile,16,615338 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Monogenic hearing loss v1.50 | TBC1D24 | Louise Daugherty Phenotypes for gene: TBC1D24 were changed from Myoclonic epilepsy, infantile, familial, 605021; Myoclonicepilepsy,infantile,familial,605021Epilepticencephalopathy,earlyinfantile,16,615338 to Deafness , autosomal recessive 86, 614617; Deafness, autosomal dominant 65, 616044; DOORS syndrome, 220500; deafness, onychodystrophy, osteodystrophy, and mental retardation | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||