Neurofibromatosis Type 1
Gene: FANCM
Variants in this GENE are reported as part of current diagnostic practice
Mode of inheritance
BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publication PMID: 28837162 entitled: “Individuals with FANCM biallelic mutations do not develop Fanconi anemia, but show risk for breast cancer, chemotherapy toxicity and may display chromosome fragility.” In this study breast cancer probands were investigated for DNA damage response genes, and 5 cases had FANCM loss-of-function variants. They showed a heterogeneous phenotype including cancer predisposition, toxicity to chemotherapy, early menopause, and possibly chromosome fragility. The phenotype severity might correlate with mutation position in the gene. They authors conclude: “Our data indicate that biallelic FANCM mutations do not cause classical FA, providing proof that FANCM is not a canonical FA gene. Moreover, our observations support previous findings suggesting that FANCM is a breast cancer-predisposing gene. Mutation testing of FANCM might be considered for individuals with the above-described clinical features.”Created: 2 Nov 2017, 2:27 p.m.
Publications
Comment on list classification: Changed rating of FANCM from Green to Red based on 2009 evidence that reclassifies earlier (2005) FA-M patient as FA-A.Created: 28 Feb 2017, 2:01 p.m.
Further evidence that FANCM is not a Fanconi Anaemia gene comes from PMID:25078778: in a large exome-sequencing study and study of hospital records Lim et al., 2014 (PMID:25078778) did NOT find evidence to support FANCM as a gene associated with Fanconi Anaemia.Created: 28 Feb 2017, 2 p.m.
FANCM was named as a Fanconi anemia gene based on Meetei et al., 2005 (PMID:16116422) who identified FANCM compound heterozygous variants in a cell line derived from a patient (EUFA867) with FA. They report that the patient's brother (also suffering from FA) carried the identical mutations in his blood DNA.
However, Singh et al., 2009 (PMID:19423727) found that patient EUFA867 also carries biallelic mutations in FANCA. Singh also noted that the FA-affected brother of EUFA867 carried the same biallelic FANCA variants, but only carried one of the FANCM variants, and thus they reclassified the sibling as being an FA-A patient.Created: 28 Feb 2017, 2 p.m.
Very limited evidence. OMIM classes as uncertain significanceCreated: 2 Nov 2016, 11:04 a.m.
Mode of inheritance
BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications
This gene has been classified as Red List (Low Evidence).
Publications for FANCM were set to 16116422; 19423727; 25078778
Publications for FANCM were set to PMID: 25078778; 16116422
Panel finalised 14th November 2016
This gene has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
FANCM was added to Neurofibromatosis Type 1panel. Sources: Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen,Illumina TruGenome Clinical Sequencing Services,UKGTN
FANCM was created by agardham