Hereditary neuropathy or pain disorder

Gene: EGR2

Green List (high evidence)

Comment on mode of inheritance: There are 2 unrelated families reported in literature with biallelic EGR2 missense variants, as well as 1 case reported with a homozygous deletion of the EGR2 enhancer, where probands presented with a congenital neuropathy. The more common dominant CMT disease is caused by variants within three-ZNF DNA-binding domains of EGR2; the recessive variants are the only ones reported outside of that domain (PMID: 40262821 Cavalcanti et al., 2025). EGR2 knockout mouse models support the association, as mutant mice display disrupted hindbrain segmentation and development (phenotype not seen in het knockouts). Hence, the MOI should be changed to BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal.

Created: 28 Jul 2026, 3:37 p.m. | Last Modified: 28 Jul 2026, 3:38 p.m.

Panel Version: 8.26

PMID: 32896048 Lupo et al., 2020
3 affected sibs with distal demyelinating polyneuropathy with severe sensory loss, progressive thoracolumbar scoliosis and trigeminal neuralgia. All 3 individuals were homozygous for the c.791C>T; p.P264L variant in EGR2. Variant not present in gnomAD v4. Consanguineous parents (confirmed het) and wt/het sibs unaffected.

PMID: 9537424 Warner et al., 1998
Study included 94 neuropathy patients. Only exons of EGR2 were sequenced. Family HOU336 - 3 male sibs affected by a congenital hypomyelinating neuropathy (CHN). They were floppy at birth, had delayed motor milestones, and walked with crutches at the time of report. The c.803T>A, p.Ile268Asn homozygous missense variant was detected in EGR2 - not reported in gnomAD v4.
Egr2(-/-) mice display disrupted hindbrain segmentation and development, and a block of Schwann-cell differentiation at an early stage - phenotype not seen in heterozygous +/- mice.

PMID: 22522483 Funalot et al., 2012
Female proband with a congenital amyelinating neuropathy; consanguineous parents of Moroccan origin. She presented with hypotonia at birth, EMG showed absence of peripheral response. No EGR2 immunoreactivity seen in Schwann cells. Detected a homozygous 10.7-kilobase-long deletion encompassing a myelin-specific enhancer of EGR2 in the proband (**non-coding regulatory variant**).

Reports of dominant EGR2-related CMT PMIDs: 9537424; 11523566; 17717711; 20513111; 26204789; 27159987; 30481651; 30843326; 31852952 - copied from ClinGen summary.

The association between EGR2 and Semidominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease was classified as Definitive (Charcot-Marie-Tooth GCEP, Nov 2021). The gene is associated with AD Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, type 1D, MIM:607678, AD,AR Dejerine-Sottas disease, MIM:145900, and AD,AR Hypomyelinating neuropathy, congenital, 1, MIM:605253 in OMIM; EGR2-related neuropathy, congenital hypomyelinating (biallelic_autosomal) is ranked Definitive in Gene2Phenotype (accessed 28th July 2026).

Created: 28 Jul 2026, 2:55 p.m. | Last Modified: 28 Jul 2026, 3:19 p.m.

Panel Version: 8.24

Mode of inheritance
BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal

Phenotypes
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, type 1D, MIM:607678; Dejerine-Sottas disease, MIM:145900; Hypomyelinating neuropathy, congenital, 1, MIM:605253

Publications

• 9537424
• 32896048

Green List (high evidence)

Multiple C5s in Bristol. PMID: 9537424 - identified heterozygous mutations in the EGR2 gene in a family with autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1D. Several overlapping phenotypes associated with gene

Created: 29 Apr 2019, 12:30 p.m.

Mode of inheritance
MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown

Phenotypes
Charcot-Marie-Tooth, Type 1 ; Charcot Marie Tooth disease, type 1D, 607678

Publications

• 9537424

Variants in this GENE are reported as part of current diagnostic practice

I don't know

Rating and review submitted on behalf of James Polke (Neurogenetics Laboratory,Institute of Neurology, London), on behalf of London North GLH for GMS Neurology specialist test group.

Created: 9 May 2019, 5 p.m.

Review and rating submitted by Natalie Forrester (SWGLH - Bristol Genetics) on behalf of South West GLH for GMS Neurology specialist test group.

Created: 29 Apr 2019, 12:53 p.m.

Green List (high evidence)

Variants in this GENE are reported as part of current diagnostic practice

Green List (high evidence)

Variants in this GENE are reported as part of current diagnostic practice

Green List (high evidence)

Mode of inheritance
MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown

Variants in this GENE are reported as part of current diagnostic practice

Green List (high evidence)

Mode of inheritance
MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown

Variants in this GENE are reported as part of current diagnostic practice

Green List (high evidence)

Mode of inheritance
MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown

Is on the Charcot-Marie- Tooth disease type 1 / Intermediate CMT NGS Panel in the UCLH National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery & Institute of Neurology (NHNN) Neurogenetics genetic testing manual.

Created: 10 Jun 2016, 12:55 p.m.