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| COVID-19 research v0.347 | DEFA1 | Alison Coffey commented on gene: DEFA1: Evidence Summary from Illumina curation team: DEFA1, or HNP1, is a member of the defensin family of host defense peptides, a group of microbicidal and cytotoxic peptides made by neutrophils. Defensins are known to have a role in innate immunity as a core host-protective component against bacterial, viral and fungal infections (Xu and Wuyaun, 2020). Defensins have direct antiviral activity in cell culture, with varied mechanisms for individual viruses. Defensins also have a potent immunomodulatory activity that can alter innate and adaptive immune responses to viral infection and are able to target multiple steps of host-virus interactions to reduce infectivity of both enveloped and non-enveloped viruses. Targets include viral envelopes, glycoproteins, and capsids or host cells. DEFA1 is well-recognized for its direct anti-HIV activity, it also restrains HIV-1 uptake by inhibiting Env-mediated viral fusion and downregulating host cell surface expression of CD4 and coreceptor CXCR4. Post-entry inhibition of enveloped viruses such as HIV-1 and influenza by DEFA1 is mediated through interfering with cell signaling pathways such as PKC that are required for viral replication (Xu and Wuyaun, 2020). An unpublished study by Kit and Kit (2020), demonstrated in silico that the affinity of human alpha-defensins 1, 2, 3 and 5 to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is higher than that of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein towards ACE2. The authors suggest that these alpha-defensins may serve as primary factors in protecting lung tissue from COVID-19 viral infection. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| COVID-19 research v0.341 | DEFA1 | Alison Coffey reviewed gene: DEFA1: Rating: AMBER; Mode of pathogenicity: ; Publications: 32457744; Phenotypes: ; Mode of inheritance: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| COVID-19 research v0.339 | DEFA1 | Rebecca Foulger commented on gene: DEFA1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| COVID-19 research v0.339 | DEFA1 |
Rebecca Foulger gene: DEFA1 was added gene: DEFA1 was added to COVID-19 research. Sources: Expert list,OMIM,Expert Review Amber Mode of inheritance for gene: DEFA1 was set to Unknown Publications for gene: DEFA1 were set to 32457744 |
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