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| Fetal anomalies v1.827 | RAC3 |
Rhiannon Mellis gene: RAC3 was added gene: RAC3 was added to Fetal anomalies. Sources: Literature,Expert Review,NHS GMS Mode of inheritance for gene: RAC3 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted Publications for gene: RAC3 were set to 30293988; 29276006 Phenotypes for gene: RAC3 were set to Abnormality of brain morphology; Abnormal muscle tone; Neurodevelopmental delay; Intellectual disability Mode of pathogenicity for gene: RAC3 was set to Loss-of-function variants (as defined in pop up message) DO NOT cause this phenotype - please provide details in the comments Review for gene: RAC3 was set to GREEN Added comment: This gene already has sufficient evidence for Green rating on the ID panel (see below) and now adding evidence (from NHS GMS testing) for prenatal phenotype to support Green rating for the Fetal Anomalies panel also: A RAC3 likely pathogenic missense variant has been identified postnatally in a baby that presented prenatally with absent corpus callosum, bilateral ventriculomegaly, cerebellar and brainstem hypoplasia detected on fetal ultrasound and MRI. The variant is judged by the child's clinical team to be causative of the clinical and radiological features in the child. Copied from Green review on Intellectual Disability panel by Konstantinos Varvagiannis: PMID: 30293988 reports on 5 individuals (from 4 different families) with de novo missense variants in RAC3. All individuals demonstrated structural anomalies on brain MRI (notably agenesis/dysgenesis of the corpus callosum, variable degrees of polymicrogyria and ventricular anomalies) as well as shared non-specific neurological features including abnormal muscular tone, global developmental delay and severe to profound intellectual disability. Feeding difficulties were observed in 4/5 patients. All variants reported are missense and are presumed to result in constitutive protein activation, as suggested by previous observations either in RAC3 [eg. the p.(Gln61Leu) mutation] or the highly homologous RAC1 and RAC2. According to the authors this is further supported by the fact that Rac3 -/- mice do not show a severe phenotype while missense variants are underrepresented in the ExAC database (z=1.97) as opposed to loss-of-function variants (pLI=0.04 / probability of loss-of-function intolerance). Of the 3 SNVs reported, 2 variants were in adjacent amino-acid positions [p.(Gln61Leu) and p.(Glu62Lys)]. The latter variant was found in 2 half-sibs born to different fathers, due to suspected maternal gonadal mosaicism (variant absent in all sequencing reads in the maternal DNA sample). The specific variant was also found in a further affected individual from an unrelated family. Finally, as the authors point out a further individual with de novo RAC3 missense variant [p.(Ala59Gly)] was reported previously in an individual with thin corpus callosum and global developmental delay, although the phenotype was felt to be more reminiscent of Robinow syndrome (PMID: 29276006). Sources: Literature, Expert Review, NHS GMS |
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| Fetal anomalies v0.327 | RAC1 | Rebecca Foulger Publications for gene: RAC1 were set to 30712878 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fetal anomalies v0.311 | RAC1 | Rebecca Foulger edited their review of gene: RAC1: Added comment: This gene was reviewed by Anna de Burca (Genomics England Clinical Team) and a Fetal Working Group call on July 19th 2019 with Lyn Chitty, Anna de Burca, Richard Scott, Rhiannon Mellis, Rebecca Foulger and Ellen McDonagh. Outcome of review: Rate Green because of finding in Petrovski et al., 2018 (PMID:30712878) plus additional case: Anna de Burca notes: Petrovski case had Dandy-Walker malformation and IUGR. 2 other reported cases: cerebellar anomalies and 2 different cases in same paper had signficant macrocephaly. Therefore 3 cases with structural brain anomalies if Petrovski included.; Changed rating: GREEN | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fetal anomalies v0.310 | RAC1 |
Rebecca Foulger Source Expert Review Green was added to RAC1. Rating Changed from Amber List (moderate evidence) to Green List (high evidence) |
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| Fetal anomalies v0.182 | RAC1 | Rebecca Foulger Publications for gene: RAC1 were set to | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fetal anomalies v0.181 | RAC1 | Rebecca Foulger commented on gene: RAC1: Additional evidence from PMID:30712878: De novo variant identified in RAC1 from fetal exome sequencing in Petrovski et al., 2019 (Whole-exome sequencing in the evaluation of fetal stuctural anomalies: a prospective cohort study, PMID:30712878). | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fetal anomalies v0.9 | RAC1 | Rebecca Foulger commented on gene: RAC1: DDG2P rating in original PAGE list: Probable for Developmental Disorders with Diverse Phenotypes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fetal anomalies v0.3 | RAC1 | Rebecca Foulger reviewed gene: RAC1: Rating: AMBER; Mode of pathogenicity: Other - please provide details in the comments; Publications: ; Phenotypes: ; Mode of inheritance: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fetal anomalies v0.1 | RAC1 |
Rebecca Foulger gene: RAC1 was added gene: RAC1 was added to Fetal anomalies. Sources: PAGE DD-Gene2Phenotype,Expert Review Amber Mode of inheritance for gene: RAC1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, imprinted status unknown Phenotypes for gene: RAC1 were set to Developmental Disorders with Diverse Phenotypes |
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