Undiagnosed metabolic disorders
Gene: PIGM
A single PIGM variant (NM_145167.2(PIGM):c.-270C>G)(rs587776528) has been associated with Glycosylphosphatidylinositol deficiency, (OMIM:610293) and as limited Gen2Phen gene for the same condition.
To date, this variant has only been reported in people of Arab or Turkish descent. Microsatellite- and SNP-based haplotypes encompassing PIGM reported in PMID:19168132, suggested that a founder effect in the two families (one Arab and one Turkish) was unlikely. However, subsequent occurrences of the variant in two additional unrelated Arab families (PMID: 31445883) might suggest that this variant is confined within the Middle Eastern populations.
Functional studies have shown that this variant reduces transcription of PIGM and blocks mannosylation of glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor (PMID: 16767100).Created: 21 Nov 2023, 2:01 p.m. | Last Modified: 21 Nov 2023, 2:34 p.m.
Panel Version: 1.607
Comment on list classification: Associated with relevant phenotype in OMIM and as possible Gen2Phen gene. At least 1 variant was reported in 2 unrelated families (PMID 16767100), together with supportive functional studies (PMID 17442906 & 25293775).Created: 19 Aug 2019, 3:43 p.m. | Last Modified: 19 Aug 2019, 3:43 p.m.
Panel Version: 1.237
Comment on phenotypes: Disorders of glycosphingolipid and glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor glycosylation;Hypercoagulability syndrome due to glycosylphosphatidylinositol deficiencyCreated: 19 Aug 2019, 3:22 p.m. | Last Modified: 19 Aug 2019, 3:22 p.m.
Panel Version: 1.235
Added tags to indicate a promoter variant has been reported.Created: 1 Mar 2017, 11:54 a.m.
Associated with phenotype in OMIM, not in G2P. At least 1 promoter variant reported in 3 cases from 2 unrelated consanguineous families. PIGM is subject to cell-type specific transcriptional regulationCreated: 23 Feb 2017, 5:15 p.m.
Mode of inheritance
BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Phenotypes
Glycosylphosphatidylinositol deficiency 610293
Publications
Tag non-coding-known-pathogenic tag was added to gene: PIGM.
Gene: pigm has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
Publications for gene: PIGM were set to 27604308; 16767100; 25293775; 17442906
Phenotypes for gene: PIGM were changed from Glycosylphosphatidylinositol deficiency 610293 to Glycosylphosphatidylinositol deficiency, OMIM:610293
Gene: pigm has been classified as Amber List (Moderate Evidence).
Publications for gene: PIGM were set to 27604308; 25293775; 16767100
Phenotypes for gene: PIGM were changed from Phosphatidylinositolglycan, class M deficiency (Disorders of glycosphingolipid and glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor glycosylation); Glycosylphosphatidylinositol deficiency 610293 to Glycosylphosphatidylinositol deficiency 610293
Publications for PIGM were set to 27604308;25293775;16767100
Construction of “Undiagnosed Metabolic Disorders” (UDM) panel • The 614 genes from the neurometabolic gene panel (PMID: 27604308) added • Green genes downloaded from V1 metabolic panels (Cerebral folate deficiency, Congenital disorders of glycosylation, Hyperammonaemia, Ketotic hypoglycaemia, Mitochondrial disorders, Mucopolysaccharideosis, Gaucher, Fabry, Peroxisomal disorders), sources replaced with "Expert review green", then loaded as a review onto UDM panel, resulting in 367 green genes and 333 red (therefore 86 new green genes included from the additional metabolic panels that weren't previously on the UDM panel) • Downloaded green genes from all panels. Removed genes from none V1 panels. Removed genes from the metabolic panels mentioned above. Compared the remaining genes with the red genes from UDM panel. Loaded as an "Expert review Amber" review to the overlapping genes, (the panel name where the genes came from was used as the phenotype) • Used variant information from PMID 27604308 to review the genes on this panel • Reviewed genes on UDM panel with genes from Emory "Inherited Metabolic Disorders: Sequencing Panel" and UKGTN “Inborn Errors of Metabolism 226 panel”, changing status where appropriate, added 14 UKGTN genes that had not be listed before • Review 10 red genes that had not previously been reviewed, 4/10 were reclassified as green • Review the remaining 145 red genes that had not previously been reviewed (shared between reviewers EM, RF, LD, AT, HB, ON & SL), resulting in 60 green, 11 amber, 70 red, 4 I don’t know reviews) • Reviewed genes from PMID: 24816252 as a publication to genes found in the Inborn error or metabolism Genes metabolomics GWAS paper (figure 5). 2 new genes added
PIGM was added to Undiagnosed metabolic disorderspanel. Source: Expert Review Red Model of inheritance for gene PIGM was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
PIGM was added to Undiagnosed metabolic disorderspanel. Sources: Literature
PIGM was created by sleigh