Monogenic diabetes
Gene: CEL
Specific dominant negative/gain of function mutations occurring within the first 1-5 repeats of the CEL VNTR are known to cause MODY with pancreatic exocrine dysfunction (MIM609812) (PMID: 24062244, PMID: 21784842, PMID: 19760265, PMID:18544793, PMID:17989309, PMID: 16369531).Heterozygous missense variants and variants resulting in a PTC that will trigger nonsense mediated decay are not expected to cause monogenic diabetes. These VNTR-located mutations cause a shift in the reading frame and generate a highly extended protein at the C-terminus that has been shown to aggregate in pancreatic islets resulting in ER stress and apoptosis (PMID:27650499). CEL mutant proteins were observed as an aggregate at the cell surface and inside large cytoplasmic vacuoles. Many of the vacuoles were identified as components of the endosomal system, and after its secretion, the mutant CEL protein was re-internalized, transported to the lysosomes, and degraded. Internalization of CEL-MUT also led to reduced viability of pancreatic acinar and beta cells (PMID: 25160620).Created: 15 Feb 2019, 10:28 a.m.
Publications
Comment on list classification: Promoted from red to green as advised via email communication with Jane Houghton (South West GLH).Created: 28 Jan 2019, 9:37 a.m.
Initial gene list and info collated by Sian Ellard, University of Exeter Medical School, August 2018 on behalf of the GMS Endocrinology specialist test group. Gene Symbol submitted: CEL; Suggested intial gene rating: Green; Evidence for inclusion: none given; Evidence for exclusion: none given; Technical notes (e.g. non-coding/CNV mutations requiring coverage?): none given; Phenotypes: Diabetes and pancreatic exocrine dysfunction.Created: 11 Jan 2019, 10:04 a.m.
Comment when marking as ready: Gene kept on the red list due to expert review and complication with reporting of specific variants within this gene.Created: 7 Jun 2016, 9:59 a.m.
This is a very rare cause of diabetes and exocrine pancreatic dysfunction (2 families). The CEL gene is difficult to sequence and interpret due to the VNTR repeat sequences. The Exeter lab would only report frameshift mutations in the VNTR-containing exon 11 as pathogenic mutations.Created: 23 Aug 2015, 4:32 p.m.
Mode of inheritance
MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Publications
Variants in this GENE are reported as part of current diagnostic practice
Phenotypes for gene: CEL were changed from Maturity-onset diabetes of the young, type VIII, 609812; Diabetes and pancreatic exocrine dysfunction to Maturity-onset diabetes of the young, type VIII, OMIM:609812; Diabetes and pancreatic exocrine dysfunction
Phenotypes for gene: CEL were changed from Maturity-onset diabetes of the young, type VIII, 609812 to Maturity-onset diabetes of the young, type VIII, 609812; Diabetes and pancreatic exocrine dysfunction
Publications for gene: CEL were set to 16369531
Ivone Leong: Initial gene list and info col
Gene: cel has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
Source NHS GMS was added to CEL.
Added phenotypes Maturity-onset diabetes of the young, type VIII, 609812 for gene: CEL Publications for gene CEL were changed from PMID: 16369531 to 16369531
gene: CEL was added gene: CEL was added to Monogenic diabetes. Sources: Expert Review Red Mode of inheritance for gene: CEL was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted Publications for gene: CEL were set to PMID: 16369531 Phenotypes for gene: CEL were set to Maturity-onset diabetes of the young, type VIII, 609812