- AARS 4
- AASS 2
- ABAT 6
- ACOX1 5
- ACTL6B 3
- ADAR 4
- ADARB1 2
- ADGRG1 4
- ADPRHL2 6
- ADSL 6
- AFF3 5
- AGO1 2
- AIMP1 4
- AKT3 4
- ALDH5A1 4
- ALDH7A1 9
- ALG1 4
- ALG11 3
- ALG13 7
- ALG14 2
- ALG3 4
- ALG6 4
- ALG8 5
- ALG9 4
- ALKBH8 7
- ALPL 6
- AMPD2 4
- AMT 4
- ANK2 1
- ANKRD11 5
- ANO4 2
- AP1G1 2
- AP2M1 4
- AP3B2 4
- APC2 4
- ARF1 3
- ARF3 4
- ARFGEF1 4
- ARFGEF2 4
- ARG1 3
- ARHGEF9 8
- ARID1B 5
- ARV1 5
- ARX 7
- ASAH1 3
- ASH1L 3
- ASL 2
- ASNS 3
- ASPA 4
- ASXL3 3
- ATN1 4
- ATP1A1 4
- ATP1A2 9
- ATP1A3 7
- ATP5O 6
- ATP6V0A1 5
- ATP6V0A2 3
- ATP6V0C 5
- ATP6V1A 4
- ATP7A 4
- ATRX 8
- BAP1 2
- BCKDHA 4
- BCKDHB 4
- BCS1L 4
- BOLA3 4
- BRAF 4
- BRAT1 3
- BRSK1 3
- BSCL2 3
- BTD 8
- C12orf57 4
- C12orf66 3
- C2orf69 3
- CACNA1A 10
- CACNA1B 4
- CACNA1C 2
- CACNA1D 4
- CACNA1E 5
- CACNA1G 3
- CACNA1I 4
- CACNA2D2 7
- CAD 3
- CAMSAP1 1
- CAPRIN1 4
- CARS2 2
- CASK 8
- CC2D2A 4
- CCDC88A 7
- CDK19 3
- CDK5 2
- CDKL5 7
- CELF2 4
- CEP85L 4
- CERS1 6
- CHD2 8
- CHD4 3
- CHD5 3
- CHKA 3
- CHRNA2 10
- CHRNA4 9
- CHRNB2 10
- CIC 3
- CLCN3 2
- CLCN4 4
- CLDN5 3
- CLN3 8
- CLN8 7
- CLPB 4
- CLTC 3
- CNKSR2 4
- CNNM2 3
- CNOT9 2
- CNPY3 5
- CNTN2 5
- CNTNAP2 8
- COG7 4
- COL18A1 4
- COL4A1 8
- COL4A2 8
- COL4A3BP 2
- COQ2 4
- COQ4 4
- COQ9 4
- CPLX1 3
- CREBBP 4
- CRELD1 6
- CRNKL1 3
- CSNK2B 4
- CSTB 9
- CTNNA2 4
- CTSD 7
- CTSF 4
- CUL3 3
- CUL4B 2
- CUX1 1
- CUX2 6
- CYFIP2 4
- D2HGDH 3
- DBT 3
- DCX 4
- DDC 2
- DDX3X 3
- DEAF1 7
- DEGS1 3
- DENND5A 3
- DEPDC5 10
- DHDDS 4
- DHPS 4
- DHX30 3
- DIAPH1 2
- DLL1 4
- DMXL2 5
- DNAJC6 6
- DNM1 8
- DNM1L 3
- DOCK7 7
- DOLK 6
- DPAGT1 3
- DPH5 3
- DPM1 3
- DPYD 3
- DROSHA 3
- DTYMK 3
- DYNC1H1 3
- DYRK1A 7
- EARS2 3
- EEF1A2 9
- EEFSEC 1
- EFTUD2 3
- EHMT1 7
- EIF2B1 4
- EIF2B2 3
- EIF2B3 4
- EIF2B4 3
- EIF2B5 3
- EIF2S3 3
- EIF3F 4
- EIF4A2 2
- ELFN1 2
- EMC10 3
- EML1 2
- ENTPD1 3
- EPB41L3 3
- EPG5 3
- EPM2A 7
- ESAM 3
- ETHE1 3
- EXOSC3 3
- EXT2 4
- FAR1 6
- FARS2 3
- FASTKD2 5
- FBXL4 5
- FBXO11 4
- FBXO28 3
- FGF12 4
- FGF13 2
- FGFR3 6
- FKTN 4
- FLNA 6
- FLVCR1 2
- FOLR1 4
- FOXG1 7
- FOXRED1 5
- FRMD5 1
- FRRS1L 4
- FUCA1 4
- FUK 7
- FUT8 5
- FZR1 2
- GABBR2 8
- GABRA1 8
- GABRA2 3
- GABRA5 3
- GABRB1 5
- GABRB2 4
- GABRB3 7
- GABRD 10
- GABRG2 10
- GAD1 3
- GALC 4
- GALNT2 2
- GAMT 8
- GBA 5
- GCSH 6
- GFAP 4
- GLB1 4
- GLDC 4
- GLRA2 3
- GLS 3
- GLUD1 4
- GLUL 5
- GM2A 4
- GNAO1 7
- GNAQ 5
- GNB1 5
- GNB5 4
- GOSR2 8
- GOT2 5
- GPAA1 3
- GPHN 9
- GRIA2 6
- GRIA4 4
- GRIK2 6
- GRIN1 8
- GRIN2A 7
- GRIN2B 7
- GRIN2D 5
- GRM7 3
- GRN 2
- GTF3C3 5
- GTPBP2 5
- H3F3A 7
- H3F3B 8
- HACE1 3
- HAX1 4
- HCFC1 4
- HCN1 7
- HCN2 7
- HECTD4 3
- HECW2 3
- HEPACAM 5
- HERC2 3
- HEXA 4
- HEXB 4
- HID1 3
- HMGCL 3
- HNRNPH2 3
- HNRNPR 6
- HNRNPU 7
- HPDL 3
- HRAS 4
- HSD17B10 2
- HSD17B4 4
- HTRA2 3
- IER3IP1 3
- IFIH1 3
- IKBKG 5
- INPP4A 7
- IQSEC2 7
- IRF2BPL 5
- ITPA 3
- KARS 5
- KAT5 7
- KAT8 6
- KCNA1 8
- KCNA2 8
- KCNA3 2
- KCNB1 7
- KCNC1 8
- KCNC2 4
- KCND2 7
- KCND3 3
- KCNH1 1
- KCNH5 7
- KCNJ10 7
- KCNJ11 4
- KCNK4 4
- KCNMA1 13
- KCNQ2 7
- KCNQ3 7
- KCNQ5 5
- KCNT1 8
- KCNT2 6
- KCTD3 4
- KCTD7 7
- KDM6B 3
- KIAA1109 5
- KIF1A 4
- KIF2A 3
- KIF5C 4
- KLHL20 4
- KMT2E 5
- KPTN 5
- KRAS 4
- LAMC3 1
- LARS 3
- LETM1 3
- LGI1 11
- LIAS 4
- LMBRD2 5
- LNPK 6
- LSS 5
- MACF1 4
- MADD 3
- MAF 3
- MAP2K1 4
- MAP2K2 4
- MARK2 4
- MAST3 2
- MAST4 3
- MBD5 7
- MBOAT7 3
- MDH2 3
- MECP2 8
- MED11 2
- MED12 7
- MED27 1
- MEF2C 7
- MFF 3
- MFSD8 8
- MINPP1 2
- MLC1 3
- MMACHC 3
- MMADHC 3
- MOCS1 8
- MOCS2 8
- MOGS 3
- MPDU1 3
- MTHFR 4
- MTHFS 3
- MTOR 4
- MT-TK 2
- NACC1 2
- NAGA 4
- NAPB 2
- NARS 3
- NARS2 4
- NBEA 3
- NDE1 4
- NDUFA1 4
- NDUFA10 4
- NDUFAF2 4
- NDUFAF5 4
- NDUFS4 4
- NDUFS8 4
- NDUFV1 5
- NEDD4L 5
- NEUROD2 2
- NEXMIF 8
- NGLY1 4
- NHLRC1 8
- NOTCH3 1
- NPRL2 9
- NPRL3 5
- NR4A2 3
- NRROS 1
- NRXN1 9
- NSD1 4
- NSDHL 4
- NSRP1 2
- NTRK2 3
- NUP214 3
- NUS1 3
- OCLN 4
- OGDHL 3
- OPHN1 4
- OTUD6B 3
- OTUD7A 5
- OXR1 3
- P4HTM 4
- PABPC1 4
- PACS1 5
- PACS2 5
- PAFAH1B1 4
- PAH 4
- PAK1 4
- PARS2 3
- PCCA 4
- PCCB 4
- PCDH12 6
- PCDH19 8
- PCDHGC4 2
- PCYT2 5
- PDHA1 4
- PDHX 4
- PET100 3
- PGM2L1 2
- PHACTR1 4
- PHGDH 4
- PI4K2A 3
- PIDD1 2
- PIGA 8
- PIGB 4
- PIGC 4
- PIGG 4
- PIGH 5
- PIGK 3
- PIGM 5
- PIGN 3
- PIGO 4
- PIGP 5
- PIGQ 12
- PIGT 3
- PIGU 2
- PIGW 5
- PIK3R2 4
- PIP5K1C 2
- PLA2G6 3
- PLAA 4
- PLCB1 7
- PLK1 4
- PLPBP 4
- PLXNA1 2
- PMM2 4
- PMPCB 4
- PNKP 7
- PNPLA8 2
- PNPO 8
- PNPT1 3
- POLG 8
- POMGNT1 4
- POMT1 4
- PPFIBP1 3
- PPIL1 2
- PPOX 2
- PPP1R3F 3
- PPP2CA 4
- PPP2R2B 2
- PPP2R5C 2
- PPP3CA 4
- PPT1 9
- PRMT7 3
- PRPF8 3
- PRRT2 8
- PSAP 4
- PTCD3 3
- PTEN 5
- PTPN23 4
- PTS 4
- PUM1 4
- PURA 7
- QARS 8
- RAB11B 5
- RAB18 4
- RAB5C 3
- RAC3 3
- RALA 5
- RALGAPA1 4
- RARS 3
- RARS2 4
- RELN 4
- RFT1 4
- RHEB 3
- RHOBTB2 5
- RMND1 4
- RNASEH2A 3
- RNASEH2B 4
- RNASEH2C 3
- RNASET2 4
- RNF113A 3
- RNF13 7
- RNU2-2P 2
- RNU4-2 5
- RNU5B-1 2
- ROGDI 4
- RORA 5
- RORB 4
- RTN4IP1 3
- RTTN 4
- SAMHD1 3
- SARS 3
- SATB1 1
- SATB2 3
- SCAF4 2
- SCAMP5 5
- SCARB2 7
- SCN1A 8
- SCN1B 9
- SCN2A 8
- SCN3A 3
- SCN8A 12
- SEMA6B 6
- SEPSECS 4
- SERPINI1 3
- SETBP1 5
- SETD1A 3
- SETD1B 5
- SETD5 10
- SGSH 1
- SHQ1 3
- SIK1 7
- SLC12A5 8
- SLC13A3 3
- SLC13A5 7
- SLC16A2 8
- SLC1A2 5
- SLC1A4 4
- SLC25A1 3
- SLC25A12 6
- SLC25A22 7
- SLC2A1 9
- SLC32A1 5
- SLC35A2 4
- SLC38A3 3
- SLC39A8 3
- SLC4A10 3
- SLC6A1 7
- SLC6A8 8
- SLC9A6 7
- SMARCA2 3
- SMARCC2 3
- SMC1A 5
- SMS 8
- SNAP25 4
- SNIP1 7
- SNORD118 4
- SPATA5 5
- SPATA5L1 4
- SPOUT1 2
- SPTAN1 7
- SPTBN1 2
- ST3GAL3 9
- ST3GAL5 4
- STAG1 4
- STAMBP 4
- STRADA 3
- STX1B 7
- STXBP1 10
- SUCLA2 3
- SUOX 3
- SURF1 3
- SYN1 3
- SYNGAP1 6
- SYNJ1 2
- SZT2 6
- TAF8 2
- TANGO2 4
- TARS2 2
- TBC1D24 8
- TBC1D2B 3
- TBCD 3
- TBCK 3
- TBL1XR1 7
- TCF4 7
- TDP2 3
- TFE3 6
- TIAM1 3
- TIMM50 6
- TMEM167A 2
- TMEM222 3
- TMEM63B 4
- TMX2 5
- TNPO2 1
- TPP1 8
- TRA2B 3
- TRAK1 3
- TRAPPC12 5
- TRAPPC4 5
- TREX1 3
- TRIM8 4
- TRIT1 1
- TRPM3 7
- TRPM6 3
- TRPM7 2
- TSC1 5
- TSC2 4
- TSEN54 3
- TUBA1A 3
- TUBB2A 5
- TUBB2B 3
- TUBB3 3
- TUBB4A 4
- TUBG1 4
- TUBGCP2 2
- U2AF2 5
- UBA5 4
- UBAP2L 3
- UBE2A 7
- UBE3A 7
- UBR5 1
- UBR7 2
- UFM1 4
- UFSP2 3
- UGDH 3
- UGGT1 2
- UGP2 5
- UNC13A 2
- UNC80 4
- USP18 2
- VAMP2 4
- VARS 5
- VPS11 4
- WARS2 4
- WASF1 3
- WDR37 2
- WDR45 7
- WDR45B 4
- WDR47 1
- WDR73 4
- WNK3 4
- WWOX 6
- YIPF5 2
- YWHAG 4
- ZBTB18 4
- ZBTB47 3
- ZDHHC9 4
- ZEB2 6
- ZNF142 5
- ZNF335 2
- ZNFX1 2
- ABCA2 3
- ABI2 1
- ADAM22 4
- ADAT3 4
- ADD1 2
- ADGRL1 1
- AIMP2 6
- AJAP1 2
- AMACR 1
- ASTN1 3
- ATP2B1 4
- ATP5A1 5
- ATP6AP2 3
- BAIAP2 2
- BLOC1S1 2
- BORCS5 1
- BORCS8 2
- BSN 2
- CACNA1H 8
- CACNA2D1 3
- CAMK2D 1
- CCDC88C 3
- CCT8 1
- CDC42BPB 3
- CELF4 1
- CELSR3 1
- CLN6 6
- COG3 2
- COG4 4
- COG6 4
- COG8 4
- COLGALT1 2
- COQ5 1
- COQ6 3
- COX10 4
- COX11 3
- COX15 4
- CPSF3 2
- CSNK1G1 8
- CTU2 1
- CYP27A1 4
- DALRD3 2
- DENND5B 1
- DHCR24 3
- DHCR7 3
- DHRSX 6
- DHX16 2
- DNAJC5 1
- DPM2 5
- EFHC1 7
- EIF2AK2 1
- EMX2 6
- EXOC7 1
- FAM50A 2
- FDFT1 3
- FH 4
- FKRP 4
- FSD1L 1
- GABRA3 1
- GCH1 4
- GFM1 3
- GLI3 4
- GLRA1 8
- GLYCTK 3
- GSS 3
- GTPBP3 4
- GUF1 2
- HCCS 4
- HEATR5B 2
- HLCS 8
- HOXA1 3
- HPRT1 4
- HSPD1 4
- ISPD 5
- JAKMIP1 2
- JKAMP 1
- KATNB1 3
- KCNB2 1
- KDM2A 1
- KIF1BP 8
- LARGE1 4
- LIPT1 1
- LIPT2 4
- LMAN2L 1
- LMNB1 2
- LYST 3
- MANBA 4
- MAST1 4
- MED17 5
- MTR 4
- NCDN 1
- NDP 4
- NDUFA2 5
- NDUFAF3 4
- NDUFAF4 3
- NDUFS1 4
- NDUFS2 4
- NDUFS6 4
- NDUFS7 4
- NECAP1 9
- NRDC 1
- NSF 4
- NUBPL 4
- OLA1 1
- OTX2 3
- PAK2 1
- PARP6 2
- PDSS2 4
- PEX1 4
- PEX10 3
- PEX12 3
- PEX13 3
- PEX19 3
- PEX2 3
- PEX3 3
- PEX5 3
- PEX6 3
- PEX7 4
- PIGS 2
- POLG2 3
- POMT2 4
- PPP2R1A 1
- PRICKLE1 10
- PRMT9 1
- PRODH 3
- PSAT1 4
- PSPH 4
- PTF1A 3
- PTPMT1 1
- QDPR 4
- RAB11A 1
- RAB3GAP1 4
- RAB3GAP2 4
- RANBP2 6
- RNF2 1
- RNU4ATAC 4
- RPIA 4
- RPS6KC1 1
- RRM2B 3
- RUSC2 4
- RYR2 4
- RYR3 9
- SAMD12 2
- SCO1 3
- SCO2 4
- SDHA 4
- SIX3 4
- SLC31A1 1
- SLC35A1 4
- SLC35A3 4
- SLC45A1 4
- SNF8 1
- SNX27 5
- SPR 5
- SPTBN4 2
- STARD7 1
- SUCLG1 3
- SYNCRIP 2
- TANC2 2
- TBC1D20 3
- TCP1 1
- TEFM 2
- TELO2 4
- TET3 3
- TMEM106B 2
- TMEM70 3
- TNK2 3
- TRAF7 4
- TRAPPC6B 4
- TRIP13 3
- TRRAP 5
- TSEN15 4
- TSEN2 3
- TSEN34 3
- TSFM 3
- TUBA8 3
- TUBB 3
- TXNRD1 3
- UFC1 4
- USP7 4
- VLDLR 4
- VPS50 2
- WDR62 4
- WSB2 1
- XK 2
- YIF1B 2
- ZMIZ1 4
- ZMYM2 4
- AARS2 4
- ADGRV1 4
- ADRA2B 3
- AGMO 2
- AKT1 5
- ALG12 4
- ALG2 4
- BCORL1 2
- BET1 2
- CACNB4 11
- CAMK2G 3
- CAMLG 1
- CASR 2
- CBL 9
- CCDC186 2
- CCND2 4
- CHMP3 1
- CHRM1 2
- CLCN2 4
- CLCN6 4
- CLN5 6
- CPA6 10
- CRH 6
- CSNK2A1 3
- DMBX1 3
- EIF2A 1
- FIG4 4
- FTL 3
- FUT2 1
- GAL 3
- GATAD2B 8
- GATM 8
- GLRB 7
- GNB2 1
- IDH2 5
- INO80 3
- KCNH8 1
- KMT5B 3
- LMNB2 3
- MAGI2 12
- MAPK10 9
- MATN4 3
- MCM3AP 1
- MT-CO3 1
- MT-TL1 6
- MYO1H 2
- NDUFA11 3
- NID1 3
- NRAS 4
- PCDHB4 3
- PCLO 5
- PIK3CA 4
- PRDM8 2
- PRICKLE2 6
- PSMB8 3
- PTCH1 2
- RALGAPB 2
- RNU12 1
- RNU5A-1 1
- RTEL1 1
- RUBCN 4
- SCN2B 6
- SCN9A 11
- SEC24D 3
- SEC31A 1
- SHH 4
- SLC25A19 2
- SLC5A6 4
- SLC6A19 3
- SLC6A5 8
- SLC7A6OS 2
- SRPX2 8
- STIL 2
- TGIF1 2
- TUBA3E 3
- TXN2 1
- UNC13B 2
- ZIC2 2
- PROSC 4
-
15q13.3 recurrent region (BP4-BP5) (includes CHRNA7) Loss
ISCA-37411-Loss 2 -
16p13.11 recurrent region (includes MYH11) Loss
ISCA-37415-Loss 2 -
8p23.1 recurrent region (includes GATA4) Gain
ISCA-37423-Gain 2 -
4p16.3 terminal (Wolf-Hirshhorn syndrome) region Loss
ISCA-37429-Loss 3 -
17p13.3 (Miller-Dieker syndrome) region (includes YWHAE and PAFAH1B1) Loss
ISCA-37430-Loss 2 -
17q12 recurrent (RCAD syndrome) region (includes HNF1B) Gain
ISCA-37432-Gain 2 -
1p36 terminal region (includes GABRD) Loss
ISCA-37434-Loss 2 -
22q11.2 recurrent (DGS/VCFS) region (proximal, A-D) (includes TBX1) Loss
ISCA-37446-Loss 2 -
15q11.2 recurrent region (BP1-BP2) (includes NIPA1) Loss
ISCA-37448-Loss 1 -
15q11q13 recurrent (PWS/AS) region (BP2-BP3, Class 2) Gain
ISCA-37478-Gain 2 -
15q11q13 recurrent (PWS/AS) region (BP2-BP3, Class 2) Loss
ISCA-37478-Loss 2 -
1q43q44 terminal region (includes AKT3) Loss
ISCA-37493-Loss 2 -
Xp11.22p11.23 recurrent region (includes SHROOM4) Gain
ISCA-46290-Gain 2 -
15q13.3 recurrent region (D-CHRNA7 to BP5) (includes CHRNA7 and OTUD7A) Loss
ISCA-46295-Loss 2 -
16p12.2 recurrent region (distal)(includes OTOA) Loss
ISCA-46297-Loss 1 -
Xq28 region (includes MECP2) Gain
ISCA-46304-Gain 1 -
Xq25 region (includes STAG2) Gain
ISCA-46743-Gain 1 -
15q11q13 recurrent (PWS/AS) region (BP1-BP3, Class 1) Loss
ISCA-37404-Loss 2 -
22q11.2 recurrent (DGS/VCFS) region (proximal, A-B) (includes TBX1) Loss
ISCA-37433-Loss 2
Early onset or syndromic epilepsy
Gene: ELFN1 Green List (high evidence)EnsemblGeneIds (GRCh38): ENSG00000225968
EnsemblGeneIds (GRCh37): ENSG00000225968
OMIM: 614964, Gene2Phenotype
ELFN1 is in 4 panels
2 reviews
Achchuthan Shanmugasundram (Genomics England Curator)
Green List (high evidence)
The rating of this gene has been updated to green and the mode of inheritance set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal following NHS Genomic Medicine Service approval.Created: 11 Mar 2026, 3:39 p.m. | Last Modified: 11 Mar 2026, 3:39 p.m.
Panel Version: 8.134
Last Modified: 11 Mar 2026, 3:39 p.m.
Panel version: 8.134
Arina Puzriakova (Genomics England Curator)
Green List (high evidence)
Comment on list classification: There is sufficient evidence to promote this gene to Green at the next GMS panel update.Created: 2 Sep 2025, 10:58 a.m. | Last Modified: 2 Sep 2025, 10:58 a.m.
Panel Version: 8.25
Total of 14 individuals from 7 unrelated families with biallelic loss of function variants in ELFN1 and a neurodevelopmental disorder comprising DD/ID ranging from moderate to severe (13/13) and epilepsy (12/13). Other features included dysmorphic features, behavioural disturbances, ADHD, ASD, hypotonia, muscle weakness, ataxia. Knockout and haploinsufficiency studies in mice resulted in detectable phenotypes compatible with ELFN1 deficiency disorder.
Sources: LiteratureCreated: 2 Sep 2025, 10:46 a.m.
Mode of inheritance
BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Phenotypes
Neurodevelopmental disorder, MONDO:0700092
Publications
Panel version: 8.24
Details
- Mode of Inheritance
- BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
- Sources
-
- Expert Review Green
- NHS GMS
- Literature
- Phenotypes
-
- Neurodevelopmental disorder, MONDO:0700092
- OMIM
- 614964
- Clinvar variants
- Variants in ELFN1
- Penetrance
- None
- Publications
- Panels with this gene
History Filter Activity
Removed Tag
Arina Puzriakova (Genomics England Curator)Tag Q3_25_promote_green was removed from gene: ELFN1.
Added New Source, Added New Source, Status Update
Arina Puzriakova (Genomics England Curator)Source NHS GMS was added to ELFN1. Source Expert Review Green was added to ELFN1. Rating Changed from Amber List (moderate evidence) to Green List (high evidence)
Entity classified by Genomics England curator
Arina Puzriakova (Genomics England Curator)Gene: elfn1 has been classified as Amber List (Moderate Evidence).
Created, Added New Source, Added Tag, Set mode of inheritance, Set publications, Set Phenotypes
Arina Puzriakova (Genomics England Curator)gene: ELFN1 was added gene: ELFN1 was added to Early onset or syndromic epilepsy. Sources: Literature Q3_25_promote_green tags were added to gene: ELFN1. Mode of inheritance for gene: ELFN1 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal Publications for gene: ELFN1 were set to 40576023; 34509675; 34452636 Phenotypes for gene: ELFN1 were set to Neurodevelopmental disorder, MONDO:0700092 Review for gene: ELFN1 was set to GREEN