Likely inborn error of metabolism - targeted testing not possible
Gene: TWNK
Mode of inheritance
BOTH monoallelic and biallelic (but BIALLELIC mutations cause a more SEVERE disease form), autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Variants in this GENE are reported as part of current diagnostic practice
added new-gene-name tag, HGNC Approved Gene Symbol is TWNKCreated: 22 May 2017, 11:38 a.m.
New gene name for C10ORF2 is TWNKCreated: 31 Oct 2016, 12:43 p.m.
Mode of inheritance
BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Phenotypes
Required for mtDNA maintenance (Mitochondrial respiratory chain disorders (caused by nuclear variants only))
Publications
This gene was submitted as "PEO1" by two experts, which likely corresponds to this HGNC-approved symbol. Illumina source has this gene as both dominant (for Progressive External Ophthalmoplegia with Mitochondrial DNA Deletions) and recessive (for Mitochondrial Membrane Protein-Associated Neurodegeneration and Mitochondrial DNA Depletion Syndrome).Created: 1 Jul 2015, 2:36 p.m.
Phenotypes for gene: TWNK were changed from Mitochondrial Membrane Protein-Associated Neurodegeneration (biallelic); Disorders of mitochondrial DNA maintenance and integrity; Mitochondrial DNA Depletion Syndrome (biallelic); Required for mtDNA maintenance (Mitochondrial respiratory chain disorders (caused by nuclear variants only)); Progressive external ophthalmoplegia, autosomal dominant, 3, 609286; Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 7 (hepatocerebral type), 271245; Mitochondrial DNA Depletion Syndrome; Progressive External Ophthalmoplegia with Mitochondrial DNA Deletions (monoallelic) to Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 7 (hepatocerebral type), OMIM:271245; Progressive external ophthalmoplegia with mitochondrial DNA deletions, autosomal dominant 3, OMIM:609286; Perrault syndrome 5, OMIM:616138
Source NHS GMS was added to TWNK. Source London North GLH was added to TWNK.
Phenotypes for gene: TWNK were changed from Mitochondrial Membrane Protein-Associated Neurodegeneration (biallelic); Disorders of mitochondrial DNA maintenance and integrity; Mitochondrial DNA Depletion Syndrome (biallelic); Required for mtDNA maintenance (Mitochondrial respiratory chain disorders (caused by nuclear variants only)); Progressive external ophthalmoplegia, autosomal dominant, 3, 609286Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 7 (hepatocerebral type), 271245; Mitochondrial DNA Depletion Syndrome; Progressive External Ophthalmoplegia with Mitochondrial DNA Deletions (monoallelic) to Mitochondrial Membrane Protein-Associated Neurodegeneration (biallelic); Disorders of mitochondrial DNA maintenance and integrity; Mitochondrial DNA Depletion Syndrome (biallelic); Required for mtDNA maintenance (Mitochondrial respiratory chain disorders (caused by nuclear variants only)); Progressive external ophthalmoplegia, autosomal dominant, 3, 609286; Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 7 (hepatocerebral type), 271245; Mitochondrial DNA Depletion Syndrome; Progressive External Ophthalmoplegia with Mitochondrial DNA Deletions (monoallelic)
Ellen McDonagh: Comment on mode of pathogenici
Added phenotypes Mitochondrial Membrane Protein-Associated Neurodegeneration (biallelic); Disorders of mitochondrial DNA maintenance and integrity; Mitochondrial DNA Depletion Syndrome (biallelic); Progressive external ophthalmoplegia, autosomal dominant, 3, 609286Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 7 (hepatocerebral type), 271245; Mitochondrial DNA Depletion Syndrome; Progressive External Ophthalmoplegia with Mitochondrial DNA Deletions (monoallelic) for gene: TWNK
gene: TWNK was added gene: TWNK was added to Inborn errors of metabolism. Sources: Expert Review Green Mode of inheritance for gene: TWNK was set to BOTH monoallelic and biallelic, autosomal or pseudoautosomal Publications for gene: TWNK were set to 27604308 Phenotypes for gene: TWNK were set to Mitochondrial Membrane Protein-Associated Neurodegeneration (biallelic); Disorders of mitochondrial DNA maintenance and integrity; Mitochondrial DNA Depletion Syndrome (biallelic); Required for mtDNA maintenance (Mitochondrial respiratory chain disorders (caused by nuclear variants only)); Progressive external ophthalmoplegia, autosomal dominant, 3, 609286Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 7 (hepatocerebral type), 271245; Mitochondrial DNA Depletion Syndrome; Progressive External Ophthalmoplegia with Mitochondrial DNA Deletions (monoallelic)