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Fetal anomalies

Gene: HMGB1

Green List (high evidence)
HMGB1 (high mobility group box 1)
EnsemblGeneIds (GRCh38): ENSG00000189403
EnsemblGeneIds (GRCh37): ENSG00000189403
OMIM: 163905, Gene2Phenotype
HMGB1 is in 5 panels

4 reviews

Arina Puzriakova (Genomics England Curator)

Green List (high evidence)

The rating of this gene has been updated to Green following NHS Genomic Medicine Service approval.
Created: 10 Mar 2026, 12:27 p.m. | Last Modified: 10 Mar 2026, 12:27 p.m.
Panel Version: 6.149
This gene and phenotype were reviewed during meetings between November 2025 & January 2026. The meetings included representatives of the Central & South and North Thames R21 testing GLHs and from the R21 Clinical Oversight Group. Clinical review and curation was performed by Stephanie Allen, Elizabeth Young and Sarah Graham (Central & South GLH), Natalie Chandler and Elizabeth Scotchman (North Thames GLH), and Tazeen Ashraf, Anna De Burca, Natalie Canham, Samantha Doyle, Alice Gardham, Victoria Harrison, Tessa Homfray, Esther Kinning, and Soo-Mi Park (R21 Clinical Oversight Group).
Created: 10 Mar 2026, 11:35 a.m. | Last Modified: 10 Mar 2026, 11:35 a.m.
Panel Version: 6.148
Created: 10 Mar 2026, 11:35 a.m.
Last Modified: 10 Mar 2026, 11:35 a.m.
Panel version: 6.150

Esther Kinning (NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde)

Green List (high evidence)

36755093- tibial aplasia, polydactyly, short fingers/toes, talipes, contractures. 5 cases, some picked up antentally- specific frameshift varaints. 39635340- deletion including gene with microcephaly. 34164801- LOF- ID and microcephaly in 6 patients
Created: 10 Mar 2026, 11:27 a.m. | Last Modified: 10 Mar 2026, 11:27 a.m.
Panel Version: 6.147

Mode of inheritance
MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted

Phenotypes
brachyphalangy, polydactyly and tibial aplasia syndrome

Publications

Created: 10 Mar 2026, 11:27 a.m.
Last Modified: 10 Mar 2026, 11:27 a.m.
Panel version: 6.147

Achchuthan Shanmugasundram (Genomics England Curator)

This gene and phenotype were reviewed during meetings between November 2023 & July 2024. The meetings included representatives of the North Thames and Central & South R21 testing GLHs and from the R21 Clinical Oversight Group. Clinical review and curation was performed by Natalie Chandler, Alison Male and Lyn Chitty (North Thames GLH), Stephanie Allen, Natalie Bibb, Esther Kinning and Denise Williams (Central & South GLH) and Natalie Canham, Anna De Burca and Samantha Doyle R21 Clinical Oversight Group.
Created: 29 Aug 2024, 8:33 p.m. | Last Modified: 29 Aug 2024, 8:33 p.m.
Panel Version: 4.36
Created: 29 Aug 2024, 8:33 p.m.
Last Modified: 29 Aug 2024, 8:33 p.m.
Panel version: 4.36

Lyn Chitty (Great Ormond Street NHS Foundation Trust)

Red List (low evidence)

Postnatal microcephaly. Red
Created: 29 Aug 2024, 8:07 p.m. | Last Modified: 29 Aug 2024, 8:07 p.m.
Panel Version: 4.35

Mode of inheritance
MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted

Phenotypes
Neurodevelopmental disorder MONDO:0700092, HMGB1-related; intellectual disability; microcephaly

Publications

Created: 29 Aug 2024, 8:07 p.m.
Last Modified: 29 Aug 2024, 8:07 p.m.
Panel version: 4.35

Details

Mode of Inheritance
MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted
Sources
  • Expert Review Green
  • NHS GMS
Phenotypes
  • microcephaly
  • Neurodevelopmental disorder MONDO:0700092, HMGB1-related
  • intellectual disability
  • brachyphalangy, polydactyly and tibial aplasia syndrome
OMIM
163905
Clinvar variants
Variants in HMGB1
Penetrance
None
Publications
Panels with this gene

History Filter Activity

10 Mar 2026, Gel status: 3

Set Phenotypes

Arina Puzriakova (Genomics England Curator)

Added phenotypes brachyphalangy, polydactyly and tibial aplasia syndrome for gene: HMGB1

9 Mar 2026, Gel status: 3

Added New Source, Status Update

Arina Puzriakova (Genomics England Curator)

Source Expert Review Green was added to HMGB1. Rating Changed from Red List (low evidence) to Green List (high evidence)

29 Aug 2024, Gel status: 1

Created, Added New Source, Set mode of inheritance, Set publications, Set Phenotypes

Achchuthan Shanmugasundram (Genomics England Curator)

gene: HMGB1 was added gene: HMGB1 was added to Fetal anomalies. Sources: NHS GMS,Expert Review Red Mode of inheritance for gene: HMGB1 was set to MONOALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal, NOT imprinted Publications for gene: HMGB1 were set to 34164801 Phenotypes for gene: HMGB1 were set to Neurodevelopmental disorder MONDO:0700092, HMGB1-related; intellectual disability; microcephaly