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Fetal anomalies

Gene: QARS

Amber List (moderate evidence)
QARS (glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase)
EnsemblGeneIds (GRCh38): ENSG00000172053
EnsemblGeneIds (GRCh37): ENSG00000172053
OMIM: 603727, Gene2Phenotype
QARS is in 9 panels

6 reviews

Ida Ertmanska (Genomics England Curator)

This gene and phenotype were reviewed during meetings in July and August 2026. The meetings included representatives of the North Thames and Central and South R21 testing GLHs and from the R21 Clinical Oversight Group. Clinical review and curation was performed by Natalie Chandler & Louise Carr (North Thames GLH), Sarah Graham & Elizabeth Young (Central & South GLH), and Alice Gardham, Esther Kinning, Vicki Harrison, Anna DeBurca, Natalie Canham, Sunayna Best, Soo-Mi Park & Tessa Homfray (R21 Clinical Oversight Group).
Created: 29 Oct 2026, 4:13 p.m. | Last Modified: 29 Oct 2026, 4:13 p.m.
Panel Version: 8.26
Created: 29 Oct 2026, 4:13 p.m.
Last Modified: 29 Oct 2026, 4:13 p.m.
Panel version: 8.26

Natalie Chandler (North Thames GLH)

Green List (high evidence)

Amber on prev R21 review microcephaly mentioned but no mention of brain MRI finding in the review. Now over 22 cases in the literature. PMID 41393345 confirms prenatal phenotype microcpehaly, abnormal gyration pattern. PMD 32042906 Microcephaly was present at birth in 65%; 70% hypoplasia CC, 4/10 cerebellar anomalies, 9/10 enlarged cerebral ventricles. Green
Created: 29 Oct 2026, 3:51 p.m. | Last Modified: 29 Oct 2026, 3:51 p.m.
Panel Version: 8.25

Mode of inheritance
BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal

Phenotypes
diffuse cerebral and cerebellar atrophy - intractable seizures - progressive microcephaly syndrome, MONDO:0014335; Microcephaly, progressive, seizures, and cerebral and cerebellar atrophy, OMIM:615760

Publications

Created: 29 Oct 2026, 3:51 p.m.
Last Modified: 29 Oct 2026, 3:51 p.m.
Panel version: 8.25

Achchuthan Shanmugasundram (Genomics England Curator)

This gene and phenotype were reviewed during meetings between November 2023 & July 2024. The meetings included representatives of the North Thames and Central & South R21 testing GLHs and from the R21 Clinical Oversight Group. Clinical review and curation was performed by Natalie Chandler, Alison Male and Lyn Chitty (North Thames GLH), Stephanie Allen, Natalie Bibb, Esther Kinning and Denise Williams (Central & South GLH) and Natalie Canham, Anna De Burca and Samantha Doyle R21 Clinical Oversight Group.
Created: 29 Aug 2024, 8:33 p.m. | Last Modified: 29 Aug 2024, 8:33 p.m.
Panel Version: 4.36
Created: 29 Aug 2024, 8:33 p.m.
Last Modified: 29 Aug 2024, 8:33 p.m.
Panel version: 4.36

Natalie Bibb (C&S GLH)

I don't know

(OMIM/ Decipher/G2P -QARS1) Green R29, R59. PMID:24656866 - 2 unrelated families characterized by progressive microcephaly, intractable seizures in infancy, diffuse atrophy of the cerebral cortex and cerebellar vermis, and considerably mild atrophy of the cerebellar hemispheres. 2 affected sibs in both families compound-heterozygous mutations in QARS. PMID:28620870 - the same homozyogous variant in QARS one found in 2 sibs of Ashkenazi Jewish origin and also in an unrleated patient of Ashkenazi Jewish origin. PMID:25471517 - 2 sibs with epileptic encephalopathy biallelic variants. PMID:25432320 - A family with QARS defiency biallelic varaints. PMID:32042906 - 10 patients with biallelic QARS all reported onset after birth. Microcephaly generally present at birth, progressive. No evidence of prenatal findings - Amber, still amber on microcephaly panel. Keep amber.
Created: 29 Aug 2024, 8:07 p.m. | Last Modified: 29 Aug 2024, 8:07 p.m.
Panel Version: 4.35

Mode of inheritance
BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal

Phenotypes
Microcephaly, progressive, seizures, and cerebral and cerebellar atrophy, OMIM:615760

Publications

Created: 29 Aug 2024, 8:07 p.m.
Last Modified: 29 Aug 2024, 8:07 p.m.
Panel version: 4.35

Louise Daugherty (Genomics England Curator)

Added new-gene-name tag, new approved HGNC gene symbol for QARS is QARS1
Created: 6 Sep 2019, 1:58 p.m. | Last Modified: 6 Sep 2019, 1:58 p.m.
Panel Version: 0.339
Created: 6 Sep 2019, 1:58 p.m.
Last Modified: 6 Sep 2019, 1:58 p.m.
Panel version: 0.339

Rebecca Foulger (Genomics England curator)

I don't know

DDG2P rating in original PAGE list: Probable for MICROCEPHALY, PROGRESSIVE, SEIZURES, AND CEREBRAL AND CEREBELLAR ATROPHY
Created: 11 Dec 2018, 9:05 a.m.
In the original PAGE file, MOP listed as All missense/in frame.
Created: 8 Nov 2018, 4:45 p.m.

Mode of pathogenicity
Other - please provide details in the comments

Created: 8 Nov 2018, 4:45 p.m.

Panel version: 0.9

Details

Mode of Inheritance
BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Sources
  • NHS GMS
  • Expert Review Amber
  • PAGE DD-Gene2Phenotype
Phenotypes
  • diffuse cerebral and cerebellar atrophy - intractable seizures - progressive microcephaly syndrome, MONDO:0014335
  • Microcephaly, progressive, seizures, and cerebral and cerebellar atrophy, OMIM:615760
Tags
new-gene-name Q3_26_promote_green
OMIM
603727
Clinvar variants
Variants in QARS
Penetrance
None
Publications
Panels with this gene

History Filter Activity

2 Nov 2026, Gel status: 2

Added Tag

Ida Ertmanska (Genomics England Curator)

Tag Q3_26_promote_green tag was added to gene: QARS.

29 Oct 2026, Gel status: 2

Added New Source, Set Phenotypes, Set publications

Ida Ertmanska (Genomics England Curator)

Source NHS GMS was added to QARS. Added phenotypes diffuse cerebral and cerebellar atrophy - intractable seizures - progressive microcephaly syndrome, MONDO:0014335; Microcephaly, progressive, seizures, and cerebral and cerebellar atrophy, OMIM:615760 for gene: QARS Publications for gene: QARS were updated from 24656866; 25432320; 25041233; 32042906; 25471517; 28620870 to 32042906; 28620870; 25432320; 25471517; 25041233; 24656866; 41393345

30 Aug 2024, Gel status: 2

Set Phenotypes

Achchuthan Shanmugasundram (Genomics England Curator)

Phenotypes for gene: QARS were changed from MICROCEPHALY, PROGRESSIVE, SEIZURES, AND CEREBRAL AND CEREBELLAR ATROPHY to Microcephaly, progressive, seizures, and cerebral and cerebellar atrophy, OMIM:615760

30 Aug 2024, Gel status: 2

Set publications

Achchuthan Shanmugasundram (Genomics England Curator)

Publications for gene: QARS were set to

6 Sep 2019, Gel status: 2

Added Tag

Louise Daugherty (Genomics England Curator)

Tag new-gene-name tag was added to gene: QARS.

8 Nov 2018, Gel status: 2

Created, Added New Source, Set mode of inheritance, Set Phenotypes

Rebecca Foulger (Genomics England curator)

gene: QARS was added gene: QARS was added to Fetal anomalies. Sources: PAGE DD-Gene2Phenotype,Expert Review Amber Mode of inheritance for gene: QARS was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal Phenotypes for gene: QARS were set to MICROCEPHALY, PROGRESSIVE, SEIZURES, AND CEREBRAL AND CEREBELLAR ATROPHY