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Intellectual disability

Gene: THUMPD1

Green List (high evidence)
THUMPD1 (THUMP domain containing 1)
EnsemblGeneIds (GRCh38): ENSG00000066654
EnsemblGeneIds (GRCh37): ENSG00000066654
OMIM: 616662, Gene2Phenotype
THUMPD1 is in 2 panels

8 reviews

Eleanor Williams (Genomics England Curator)

Comment on mode of inheritance: Adding the mode of inheritance of biallelic as this was missing. Autosomal recessive MOI in OMIM for a relevant phenotype.
Created: 7 Feb 2023, 11:56 a.m. | Last Modified: 7 Feb 2023, 11:56 a.m.
Panel Version: 4.59
Created: 7 Feb 2023, 11:56 a.m.
Last Modified: 7 Feb 2023, 11:56 a.m.
Panel version: 4.59

Arina Puzriakova (Genomics England Curator)

Green List (high evidence)

The rating of this gene has been updated to Green following NHS Genomic Medicine Service approval.
Created: 30 Jan 2023, 5:50 p.m. | Last Modified: 30 Jan 2023, 5:50 p.m.
Panel Version: 4.53
Created: 30 Jan 2023, 5:50 p.m.
Last Modified: 30 Jan 2023, 5:50 p.m.
Panel version: 4.53

Sarah Leigh (Genomics England Curator)

Green List (high evidence)

Not associated with a phenotype in OMIM or MONDO, but as moderate Gen2Phen gene for THUMPD1 neurodevelopment disorder. At least 8 variants have been reported in at least 7 unrelated cases, together with supportive functional studies (PMID: 35196516).
Created: 19 May 2022, 1:29 p.m. | Last Modified: 19 May 2022, 1:47 p.m.
Panel Version: 3.1576
Comment on phenotypes: Phenotype name based on Gen2Phen entry (https://www.ebi.ac.uk/gene2phenotype/gfd?dbID=4827)
Created: 19 May 2022, 1:25 p.m. | Last Modified: 19 May 2022, 1:25 p.m.
Panel Version: 3.1576
Comment on list classification: There is enough evidence for this gene to be rated GREEN at the next major review.
Created: 19 May 2022, 1:23 p.m. | Last Modified: 19 May 2022, 1:23 p.m.
Panel Version: 3.1575
Created: 19 May 2022, 1:23 p.m.
Last Modified: 19 May 2022, 1:47 p.m.
Panel version: 3.1576

Julia Baptista (Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth)

Green List (high evidence)

Thirteen individuals from eight families and biallelic loss-of-function THUMPD1 variants. Frameshift, nonsense, in-frame deletion and missense variants described.
Common phenotypic findings included global developmental delay, speech delay, moderate to severe intellectual deficiency, behavioral abnormalities such as angry outbursts, facial dysmorphism, and ophthalmological abnormalities.
Created: 9 May 2022, 2:33 p.m. | Last Modified: 9 May 2022, 2:33 p.m.
Panel Version: 3.1564

Mode of inheritance
BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal

Phenotypes
Intellectual disability; Microcephaly; Seizures

Publications

Variants in this GENE are reported as part of current diagnostic practice

Created: 9 May 2022, 2:33 p.m.
Last Modified: 9 May 2022, 2:33 p.m.
Panel version: 3.1564

Konstantinos Varvagiannis (Other)

Green List (high evidence)

THUMPD1 was identified as a candidate gene for AR ID in the study by Maddirevula et al (2019 - PMID: 30237576) carrying out exome following autozygome analysis in a cohort of affected individuals. The subject initially reported (15DG1395) was included in a recent study discussed below.

Broly et al (2022 - PMID: 35196516) describe the phenotype of 13 individuals (belonging to 8 families - 5/8 consanguineous) harboring biallelic THUMPD1 variants.

Global DD and ID were universal features among those evaluated (12/12 - ranging from mild to severe, suppl.). Other features included microcephaly (4-5/10 each belonging to different families), mild-severe hearing loss (6/8 - 4 fam), variable ophthalmological anomalies (11/13). Brain MRI abnormalities were present in 3/7 evaluated (2 with abnormal CC). Behavioral traits were reported in 7/9 (hyperactivity, aggressive behavior and angry outburst). Febrile seizures in 6/11. The authors also report (rather) variable facial/other physical features.

All were investigated by WES. Previous investigations (CMA and/or determination of stretches of hmz) are available for 4 individuals from 2 consanguineous families.

6 pLoF and 1 missense variants were identified, in almost all cases in homozygosity (the missense SNV in cmp htz with a pLoF one). The authors did not include 3 sibs from a 9th family, with similar phenotype, though harboring a hmz missense variant classified as VUS.

THUMPD1 functions as an adaptor protein in the process of N4-acetylcitidine (ac4C) a modification of serine and leucine tRNAs at the wobble position, catalyzed by N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10).

tRNA modifications play roles in tRNA stability, folding, recognition, rate and fidelity of translation as well as many cellular processes. Several genes involved in tRNA modifications incl. NSUN2, PUS3, ADAT3, etc have been associated with NDD.

Using lymphoblasts from an individual hmz for c.706C>T/p.Gln236* the authors demonstrated absence of the protein upon Western Blot and significant decrease of mRNA levels upon RT-qPCR (20% of control). Despite reduction in mature mRNA there was no significant difference in pre-mRNA levels, suggesting that variants lying within this penultimate exon (for NM_001304550.1) may be sensitive to NMD.

Analysis of small RNAs in lymphoblasts from the same individual compared to ctrl indicated no detectable level of ac4C despite normal level of other normal and modifed nucleosides. Specifically purified tRNA-Ser-CGA exhibited >100 fold loss of ac4C compared to ctrl.

THUMPD1 KO HEK293T and HeLa cell lines exhibited similar W.Blot/RT-qPCR results to those of patient lymphoblasts (above) with complete loss of ac4C modifications specific to small RNAs (not affecting 18S rRNA species). NAT10 KO Hela cells displayed loss of ac4C though affecting both rRNA and tRNA. Despite loss of ac4C modification, the steady state levels of tRNA-Ser-CGA where not significantly different compared to ctrl.

p.Pro164Ser was the single missense variant within the cohort (identified in trans of a truncating one), affecting a highly conserved residue within the THUMP RNA-binding domain. The variant is absent from gnomAD. Recombinant Pro164 was shown to result in marked decrease in protein thermal stability and significant loss in RNA binding capacity.

There is currently no THUMPD1-associated phenotype in OMIM/G2P. The gene is listed in SysID as a candidate for ID based on the initial report by Maddirevula et al. THUMPD1 is rated green for ID (also for hearing loss, microcephaly, growth failure) in PanelApp Australia.

Consider inclusion in the current panel (as well as relevant others) with green rating.
Created: 12 Mar 2022, 8:58 a.m. | Last Modified: 12 Mar 2022, 8:58 a.m.
Panel Version: 3.1518

Mode of inheritance
BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal

Phenotypes
Global developmental delay; Intellectual disability; Microcephaly; Hearing abnormality; Abnormality of the eye; Febrile seizures; Behavioral abnormality; Abnormality of brain morphology; Abnormality of the face

Publications

Variants in this GENE are reported as part of current diagnostic practice

Created: 12 Mar 2022, 8:58 a.m.
Last Modified: 12 Mar 2022, 8:58 a.m.
Panel version: 3.1518

Caroline Wright (Sanger)

Red List (low evidence)

Created: 5 Nov 2017, 2:42 a.m.

Panel version: 0

Rebecca Foulger (Genomics England curator)

Red List (low evidence)

No clear ID link.
Created: 31 Oct 2017, 9:24 a.m.
Created: 31 Oct 2017, 9:24 a.m.

Panel version: Imported from Intellectual disability update Oct 2017 panel version 0.4

Lu Raymond (university of cambridge )

Red List (low evidence)

Created: 23 Feb 2016, 11:39 a.m.

Panel version: 0.306

Details

Mode of Inheritance
BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Sources
  • Expert Review Green
  • NHS GMS
Phenotypes
  • Neurodevelopmental disorder with speech delay and variable ocular anomalies, OMIM:619989
OMIM
616662
Clinvar variants
Variants in THUMPD1
Penetrance
Complete
Publications
Panels with this gene

History Filter Activity

7 Feb 2023, Gel status: 3

Set mode of inheritance

Eleanor Williams (Genomics England Curator)

Mode of inheritance for gene: THUMPD1 was changed from to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal

7 Feb 2023, Gel status: 3

Set Phenotypes

Eleanor Williams (Genomics England Curator)

Phenotypes for gene: THUMPD1 were changed from THUMPD1 neurodevelopment disorder to Neurodevelopmental disorder with speech delay and variable ocular anomalies, OMIM:619989

31 Jan 2023, Gel status: 3

Removed Tag, Removed Tag

Arina Puzriakova (Genomics England Curator)

Tag Q2_22_rating was removed from gene: THUMPD1. Tag Q2_22_NHS_review was removed from gene: THUMPD1.

30 Jan 2023, Gel status: 3

Added New Source, Added New Source, Status Update

Arina Puzriakova (Genomics England Curator)

Source NHS GMS was added to THUMPD1. Source Expert Review Green was added to THUMPD1. Rating Changed from Amber List (moderate evidence) to Green List (high evidence)

19 May 2022, Gel status: 2

Set Phenotypes

Sarah Leigh (Genomics England Curator)

Phenotypes for gene: THUMPD1 were changed from to THUMPD1 neurodevelopment disorder

19 May 2022, Gel status: 2

Entity classified by Genomics England curator

Sarah Leigh (Genomics England Curator)

Gene: thumpd1 has been classified as Amber List (Moderate Evidence).

19 May 2022, Gel status: 1

Added Tag, Added Tag

Sarah Leigh (Genomics England Curator)

Tag Q2_22_rating tag was added to gene: THUMPD1. Tag Q2_22_NHS_review tag was added to gene: THUMPD1.

19 May 2022, Gel status: 1

Set publications

Sarah Leigh (Genomics England Curator)

Publications for gene: THUMPD1 were set to

12 Mar 2018, Gel status: 1

Panel promoted to version 2.0

Ellen McDonagh (Genomics England Curator)

12.03.2018: Due to major updates completed (Phase 1, 2 and 3), this panel was promoted to Version 2 in order to reflect the major updates since November 2017 which have resulted in reviews for 836 genes added by Genomics England Curators and the Clinical Team, 130 new Green genes added to the interpretation pipeline (from 751 to 881 Green genes), and the gene total has increased from 1879 to 1927.

13 Nov 2015, Gel status: 1

gel status update

GEL ()

The Gel status was updated for this whole panel

13 Nov 2015, Gel status: 2

gel status update

GEL ()

The Gel status was updated for this whole panel

13 Nov 2015, Gel status: 0

Added New Source

Ellen McDonagh (Genomics England Curator)

THUMPD1 was added to Intellectual disabilitypanel. Sources: Expert Review Red

13 Nov 2015, Gel status: 0

Created

Ellen McDonagh (Genomics England Curator)

THUMPD1 was created by ellenmcdonagh