Intellectual disability - microarray and sequencing
Gene: ZBTB11 Amber List (moderate evidence)Comment on list classification: ZBTB11 was added to the ID panel and rated Amber by Konstantinos Varvagiannis based on literature evidence PMID:29893856. This paper describes 9 individuals from 2 broader consanguineous families all with moderate ID. There is some functional work including zebrafish models.
ZBTB11 is in OMIM based upon this paper, but currently not reported in Gene2Phenotype.
Two families identified, as our guidelines, this will be rated as Amber.Created: 23 May 2019, 3:23 p.m. | Last Modified: 16 Jul 2019, 10:35 a.m.
Panel Version: 0.200
I don't know
Fattahi et al. (PMID: 29893856) report on 9 individuals from 2 broader consanguineous pedigrees with biallelic ZBTB11 mutations.
Features in the first family (from Iran) consisted of moderate ID, microcephaly, ataxic gait, and spasticity with MRI findings of cerebellar atrophy and ventriculomegaly.
Individuals from the second family (from Pakistan) presented with moderate ID and variable features.
Homozygosity for missense ZBTB11 variants, private to each family was shown (NM_014415.3:c.2185C>T / p.H729Y and c.2640T>G / p.H880Q for the first and second family respectively).
As the authors note, ZBTB11 is predicted to be a zinc finger transcriptional regulator and one of the hypotheses emitted suggests possible disruption of DNA binding.
Functional studies performed demonstrated that the mutant proteins were excluded from the nucleolus where the (wt) protein localizes.
Previous zebrafish models (PMID: 28382966) suggested CNS degeneration among other phenotypes in Zbtb11 mutants.
Knockdown of the drosophila ZBTB11-ortholog (CkIIα-i1) resulted in recognizable shrinking of the mushroom body with significant reduction in the number of neurons compared to controls.
Other Zinc Finger and BTB Domain-Containing proteins cause disorders with ID as a prominent feature (eg. ZBTB16, ZBTB20, etc.).
ZBTB11 is not associated with any phenotype in OMIM nor in G2P.
As a result, this gene can be considered for inclusion in this panel probably as amber (2 pedigrees only) or green (given the supportive functional studies).
Sources: LiteratureCreated: 16 Dec 2018, 1:27 p.m.
Mode of inheritance
BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Phenotypes
Intellectual disability
Publications
Tag watchlist tag was added to gene: ZBTB11.
Source Expert Review was added to ZBTB11. Source Expert Review Amber was added to ZBTB11. Added phenotypes Intellectual developmental disorder, autosomal recessive 69, 618383 for gene: ZBTB11 Rating Changed from No List (delete) to Amber List (moderate evidence)
gene: ZBTB11 was added gene: ZBTB11 was added to Intellectual disability. Sources: Literature Mode of inheritance for gene: ZBTB11 was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal Publications for gene: ZBTB11 were set to 29893856; 28382966 Phenotypes for gene: ZBTB11 were set to Intellectual disability Penetrance for gene: ZBTB11 were set to Complete Review for gene: ZBTB11 was set to AMBER
If promoting or demoting a gene, please provide comments to justify a decision to move it.
Genes included in a Genomics England gene panel for a rare disease category (green list) should fit the criteria A-E outlined below.
These guidelines were developed as a combination of the ClinGen DEFINITIVE evidence for a causal role of the gene in the disease(a), and the Developmental Disorder Genotype-Phenotype (DDG2P) CONFIRMED DD Gene evidence level(b) (please see the original references provided below for full details). These help provide a guideline for expert reviewers when assessing whether a gene should be on the green or the red list of a panel.
A. There are plausible disease-causing mutations(i) within, affecting or encompassing an interpretable functional region(ii) of this gene identified in multiple (>3) unrelated cases/families with the phenotype(iii).
OR
B. There are plausible disease-causing mutations(i) within, affecting or encompassing cis-regulatory elements convincingly affecting the expression of a single gene identified in multiple (>3) unrelated cases/families with the phenotype(iii).
OR
C. As definitions A or B but in 2 or 3 unrelated cases/families with the phenotype, with the addition of convincing bioinformatic or functional evidence of causation e.g. known inborn error of metabolism with mutation in orthologous gene which is known to have the relevant deficient enzymatic activity in other species; existence of an animal model which recapitulates the human phenotype.
AND
D. Evidence indicates that disease-causing mutations follow a Mendelian pattern of causation appropriate for reporting in a diagnostic setting(iv).
AND
E. No convincing evidence exists or has emerged that contradicts the role of the gene in the specified phenotype.
(i)Plausible disease-causing mutations: Recurrent de novo mutations convincingly affecting gene function. Rare, fully-penetrant mutations - relevant genotype never, or very rarely, seen in controls. (ii) Interpretable functional region: ORF in protein coding genes miRNA stem or loop. (iii) Phenotype: the rare disease category, as described in the eligibility statement. (iv) Intermediate penetrance genes should not be included.
It’s assumed that loss-of-function variants in this gene can cause the disease/phenotype unless an exception to this rule is known. We would like to collect information regarding exceptions. An example exception is the PCSK9 gene, where loss-of-function variants are not relevant for a hypercholesterolemia phenotype as they are associated with increased LDL-cholesterol uptake via LDLR (PMID: 25911073).
If a curated set of known-pathogenic variants is available for this gene-phenotype, please contact us at [email protected]
We classify loss-of-function variants as those with the following Sequence Ontology (SO) terms:
Term descriptions can be found on the PanelApp homepage and Ensembl.
If you are submitting this evaluation on behalf of a clinical laboratory please indicate whether you report variants in this gene as part of your current diagnostic practice by checking the box
Standardised terms were used to represent the gene-disease mode of inheritance, and were mapped to commonly used terms from the different sources. Below each of the terms is described, along with the equivalent commonly-used terms.
A variant on one allele of this gene can cause the disease, and imprinting has not been implicated.
A variant on the paternally-inherited allele of this gene can cause the disease, if the alternate allele is imprinted (function muted).
A variant on the maternally-inherited allele of this gene can cause the disease, if the alternate allele is imprinted (function muted).
A variant on one allele of this gene can cause the disease. This is the default used for autosomal dominant mode of inheritance where no knowledge of the imprinting status of the gene required to cause the disease is known. Mapped to the following commonly used terms from different sources: autosomal dominant, dominant, AD, DOMINANT.
A variant on both alleles of this gene is required to cause the disease. Mapped to the following commonly used terms from different sources: autosomal recessive, recessive, AR, RECESSIVE.
The disease can be caused by a variant on one or both alleles of this gene. Mapped to the following commonly used terms from different sources: autosomal recessive or autosomal dominant, recessive or dominant, AR/AD, AD/AR, DOMINANT/RECESSIVE, RECESSIVE/DOMINANT.
A variant on one allele of this gene can cause the disease, however a variant on both alleles of this gene can result in a more severe form of the disease/phenotype.
A variant in this gene can cause the disease in males as they have one X-chromosome allele, whereas a variant on both X-chromosome alleles is required to cause the disease in females. Mapped to the following commonly used term from different sources: X-linked recessive.
A variant in this gene can cause the disease in males as they have one X-chromosome allele. A variant on one allele of this gene may also cause the disease in females, though the disease/phenotype may be less severe and may have a later-onset than is seen in males. X-linked inactivation and mosaicism in different tissues complicate whether a female presents with the disease, and can change over their lifetime. This term is the default setting used for X-linked genes, where it is not known definitately whether females require a variant on each allele of this gene in order to be affected. Mapped to the following commonly used terms from different sources: X-linked dominant, x-linked, X-LINKED, X-linked.
The gene is in the mitochondrial genome and variants within this can cause this disease, maternally inherited. Mapped to the following commonly used term from different sources: Mitochondrial.
Mapped to the following commonly used terms from different sources: Unknown, NA, information not provided.
For example, if the mode of inheritance is digenic, please indicate this in the comments and which other gene is involved.