COVID-19 research
Gene: MIFComment on list classification: Upgraded rating from Red to Amber. Several animal models showing that MIF is expressed during viral infection (PMIDs:30944975, 31292300, 17909632) plus study of MIF polymorphisms and West Nile virus infection in PMID:26638028.Created: 21 May 2020, 4:36 p.m. | Last Modified: 21 May 2020, 4:36 p.m.
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PMID:31292300. Smith et al., 2019 showed that, during influenza viral infection, Mif-deficient mice have less inflammation, viral load, and mortality compared with WT control mice.Created: 21 May 2020, 4:33 p.m. | Last Modified: 21 May 2020, 4:33 p.m.
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PMID:26638028. Das et al., 2016 examined functional polymorphisms in MIF in a cohort of 454 North American patients with neuroinvasive West Nile virus (WNV) disease and found patients homozygous for high-expression MIF allels to be >20 fold more likely to have WNV encephalitis.Created: 21 May 2020, 4:33 p.m. | Last Modified: 21 May 2020, 4:33 p.m.
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PMID:30944975. de Souza et al 2019 demonstrate in mice that MIF is expressed during RSV infection and controls the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines from macrophages in an in vitro model.Created: 21 May 2020, 4:31 p.m. | Last Modified: 21 May 2020, 4:36 p.m.
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Comment on list classification: MIF was identified through an OMIM search for potential viral susceptibility genes. Based on initial triage by Illumina (Tier 5 grouping), added to panel initially as Red awaiting further curation. Notes from Julie Taylor and Alison Coffey (Illumina): Arjona et al. (2007) found that blocking Mif action in mice either by antibody, small molecule antagonist, or gene deletion increased resistance to West Nile Virus lethality.Created: 21 May 2020, 4:25 p.m. | Last Modified: 21 May 2020, 4:28 p.m.
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PMID:17909632. Arjona et al. (2007) showed that patients with acute West Nile virus (WNV) infection had increased levels of MIF in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid. Studies in mice showed that MIF is involved in WNV pathogenesis.
Sources: OtherCreated: 21 May 2020, 4:24 p.m.
Mode of inheritance
Unknown
Publications
Gene: mif has been classified as Amber List (Moderate Evidence).
Gene: mif has been classified as Red List (Low Evidence).
Phenotypes for gene: MIF were changed from to {Rheumatoid arthritis, systemic juvenile, susceptibility to}, 604302
gene: MIF was added gene: MIF was added to COVID-19 research. Sources: Other Mode of inheritance for gene: MIF was set to Unknown Publications for gene: MIF were set to 17909632